Exploitation of Outgoing and Incoming Telephone Calls in the Context of Circadian Rhythms of Social Activity Among Elderly People: Observational Descriptive Study

Background In the elderly population, analysis of the circadian rhythms of social activity may help in supervising homebound disabled and chronically ill populations. Circadian rhythms are monitored over time to determine, for example, the stability of the organization of daily social activity rhythms and the occurrence of particular desynchronizations in the way older adults act and react socially during the day. Recently, analysis of telephone call detail records has led to the possibility of determining circadian rhythms of social activity in an objective unobtrusive way for young patients from their outgoing telephone calls. At this stage, however, the analysis of incoming call rhythms and the comparison of their organization with respect to outgoing calls remains to be performed in underinvestigated populations (in particular, older populations). Objective This study investigated the persistence and synchronization of circadian rhythms in telephone communication by older adults. Methods The study used a longitudinal 12-month data set combining call detail records and questionnaire data from 26 volunteers aged 70 years or more to determine the existence of persistent and synchronized circadian rhythms in their telephone communications. The study worked with the following four specific telecommunication parameters: (1) recipient of the telephone call (alter), (2) time at which the call began, (3) duration of the call, and (4) direction of the call. We focused on the following two issues: (1) the existence of persistent circadian rhythms of outgoing and incoming telephone calls in the older population and (2) synchronization with circadian rhythms in the way the older population places and responds to telephone calls. Results The results showed that older adults have their own specific circadian rhythms for placing telephone calls and receiving telephone calls. These rhythms are partly structured by the way in which older adults allocate their communication time over the day. In addition, despite minor differences between circadian rhythms for outgoing and incoming calls, our analysis suggests the two rhythms could be synchronized. Conclusions These results suggest the existence of potential persistent and synchronized circadian rhythms in the outgoing and incoming telephone activities of older adults.

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Exploitation of Outgoing and Incoming Telephone Calls in the Context of Circadian Rhythms of Social Activity Among Elderly People: Observational Descriptive Study (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.13535 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Timothée Aubourg ◽

Jacques Demongeot ◽

Hervé Provost ◽

Nicolas Vuillerme

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Circadian Rhythms ◽

Social Activity ◽

Chronically Ill ◽

Telephone Call ◽

Older Population ◽

Communication Time ◽

Telephone Calls ◽

Call Detail Records ◽

The Way

BACKGROUND In the elderly population, analysis of the circadian rhythms of social activity may help in supervising homebound disabled and chronically ill populations. Circadian rhythms are monitored over time to determine, for example, the stability of the organization of daily social activity rhythms and the occurrence of particular desynchronizations in the way older adults act and react socially during the day. Recently, analysis of telephone call detail records has led to the possibility of determining circadian rhythms of social activity in an objective unobtrusive way for young patients from their outgoing telephone calls. At this stage, however, the analysis of incoming call rhythms and the comparison of their organization with respect to outgoing calls remains to be performed in underinvestigated populations (in particular, older populations). OBJECTIVE This study investigated the persistence and synchronization of circadian rhythms in telephone communication by older adults. METHODS The study used a longitudinal 12-month data set combining call detail records and questionnaire data from 26 volunteers aged 70 years or more to determine the existence of persistent and synchronized circadian rhythms in their telephone communications. The study worked with the following four specific telecommunication parameters: (1) recipient of the telephone call (alter), (2) time at which the call began, (3) duration of the call, and (4) direction of the call. We focused on the following two issues: (1) the existence of persistent circadian rhythms of outgoing and incoming telephone calls in the older population and (2) synchronization with circadian rhythms in the way the older population places and responds to telephone calls. RESULTS The results showed that older adults have their own specific circadian rhythms for placing telephone calls and receiving telephone calls. These rhythms are partly structured by the way in which older adults allocate their communication time over the day. In addition, despite minor differences between circadian rhythms for outgoing and incoming calls, our analysis suggests the two rhythms could be synchronized. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest the existence of potential persistent and synchronized circadian rhythms in the outgoing and incoming telephone activities of older adults.

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Circadian Rhythms in the Telephone Calls of Older Adults: Observational Descriptive Study

JMIR mhealth and uhealth ◽

10.2196/12452 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. e12452 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Timothée Aubourg ◽

Jacques Demongeot ◽

Hervé Provost ◽

Nicolas Vuillerme

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Young Adults ◽

Circadian Rhythms ◽

Social Activity ◽

Time Of Day ◽

Telephone Call ◽

Future Perspective ◽

Communication Time ◽

Telephone Calls ◽

Over Time

Background Recent studies have thoughtfully and convincingly demonstrated the possibility of estimating the circadian rhythms of young adults’ social activity by analyzing their telephone call-detail records (CDRs). In the field of health monitoring, this development may offer new opportunities for supervising a patient’s health status by collecting objective, unobtrusive data about their daily social interactions. However, before considering this future perspective, whether and how similar results could be observed in other populations, including older ones, should be established. Objective This study was designed specifically to address the circadian rhythms in the telephone calls of older adults. Methods A longitudinal, 12-month dataset combining CDRs and questionnaire data from 26 volunteers aged 65 years or older was used to examine individual differences in the daily rhythms of telephone call activity. The study used outgoing CDRs only and worked with three specific telecommunication parameters: (1) call recipient (alter), (2) time of day, and (3) call duration. As did the studies involving young adults, we analyzed three issues: (1) the existence of circadian rhythms in the telephone call activity of older adults, (2) their persistence over time, and (3) the alter-specificity of calls by calculating relative entropy. Results We discovered that older adults had their own specific circadian rhythms of outgoing telephone call activity whose salient features and preferences varied across individuals, from morning until night. We demonstrated that rhythms were consistent, as reflected by their persistence over time. Finally, results suggested that the circadian rhythms of outgoing telephone call activity were partly structured by how older adults allocated their communication time across their social network. Conclusions Overall, these results are the first to have demonstrated the existence, persistence, and alter-specificity of the circadian rhythms of the outgoing telephone call activity of older adults. These findings suggest an opportunity to consider modern telephone technologies as potential sensors of daily activity. From a health care perspective, these sensors could be harnessed for unobtrusive monitoring purposes.

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Gaining Insights Into the Estimation of the Circadian Rhythms of Social Activity in Older Adults From Their Telephone Call Activity With Statistical Learning: Observational Study (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.22339 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Timothée Aubourg ◽

Jacques Demongeot ◽

Nicolas Vuillerme

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Circadian Rhythms ◽

Statistical Learning ◽

Elderly Population ◽

Social Activity ◽

The Elderly ◽

Telephone Call ◽

Data Set ◽

Age Related ◽

The Social

BACKGROUND Understanding the social mechanisms of the circadian rhythms of activity represents a major issue in better managing the mechanisms of age-related diseases occurring over time in the elderly population. The automated analysis of call detail records (CDRs) provided by modern phone technologies can help meet such an objective. At this stage, however, whether and how the circadian rhythms of telephone call activity can be automatically and properly modeled in the elderly population remains to be established. OBJECTIVE Our goal for this study is to address whether and how the circadian rhythms of social activity observed through telephone calls could be automatically modeled in older adults. METHODS We analyzed a 12-month data set of outgoing telephone CDRs of 26 adults older than 65 years of age. We designed a statistical learning modeling approach adapted for exploratory analysis. First, Gaussian mixture models (GMMs) were calculated to automatically model each participant’s circadian rhythm of telephone call activity. Second, k-means clustering was used for grouping participants into distinct groups depending on the characteristics of their personal GMMs. RESULTS The results showed the existence of specific structures of telephone call activity in the daily social activity of older adults. At the individual level, GMMs allowed the identification of personal habits, such as morningness-eveningness for making calls. At the population level, k-means clustering allowed the structuring of these individual habits into specific morningness or eveningness clusters. CONCLUSIONS These findings support the potential of phone technologies and statistical learning approaches to automatically provide personalized and precise information on the social rhythms of telephone call activity of older individuals. Futures studies could integrate such digital insights with other sources of data to complete assessments of the circadian rhythms of activity in elderly populations.

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Novel statistical approach for assessing the persistence of the circadian rhythms of social activity from telephone call detail records in older adults

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-77795-4 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Timothée Aubourg ◽

Jacques Demongeot ◽

Nicolas Vuillerme

Keyword(s):

Circadian Rhythms ◽

Personalized Medicine ◽

Social Life ◽

Statistical Approach ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Social Activity ◽

Telephone Call ◽

Social Nature ◽

Health Care Monitoring ◽

Call Detail Records

AbstractHow circadian rhythms of activity manifest themselves in social life of humans remains one of the most intriguing questions in chronobiology and a major issue for personalized medicine. Over the past years, substantial advances have been made in understanding the personal nature and the robustness—i.e. the persistence—of the circadian rhythms of social activity by the analysis of phone use. At this stage however, the consistency of such advances as their statistical validity remains unclear. The present paper has been specifically designed to address this issue. To this end, we propose a novel statistical procedure for the measurement of the circadian rhythms of social activity which is particularly well-suited for the existing framework of persistence analysis. Furthermore, we illustrate how this procedure works concretely by assessing the persistence of the circadian rhythms of telephone call activity from a 12-month call detail records (CDRs) dataset of adults over than 65 years. The results show the ability of our approach for assessing persistence with a statistical significance. In the field of CDRs analysis, this novel statistical approach can be used for completing the existing methods used to analyze the persistence of the circadian rhythms of a social nature. More importantly, it provides an opportunity to open up the analysis of CDRs for various domains of application in personalized medicine requiring access to statistical significance such as health care monitoring.

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Gaining Insights Into the Estimation of the Circadian Rhythms of Social Activity in Older Adults From Their Telephone Call Activity With Statistical Learning: Observational Study

Journal of Medical Internet Research ◽

10.2196/22339 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. e22339

Author(s):

Timothée Aubourg ◽

Jacques Demongeot ◽

Nicolas Vuillerme

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Circadian Rhythms ◽

Statistical Learning ◽

Elderly Population ◽

Social Activity ◽

The Elderly ◽

Telephone Call ◽

Data Set ◽

Age Related ◽

The Social

Background Understanding the social mechanisms of the circadian rhythms of activity represents a major issue in better managing the mechanisms of age-related diseases occurring over time in the elderly population. The automated analysis of call detail records (CDRs) provided by modern phone technologies can help meet such an objective. At this stage, however, whether and how the circadian rhythms of telephone call activity can be automatically and properly modeled in the elderly population remains to be established. Objective Our goal for this study is to address whether and how the circadian rhythms of social activity observed through telephone calls could be automatically modeled in older adults. Methods We analyzed a 12-month data set of outgoing telephone CDRs of 26 adults older than 65 years of age. We designed a statistical learning modeling approach adapted for exploratory analysis. First, Gaussian mixture models (GMMs) were calculated to automatically model each participant’s circadian rhythm of telephone call activity. Second, k-means clustering was used for grouping participants into distinct groups depending on the characteristics of their personal GMMs. Results The results showed the existence of specific structures of telephone call activity in the daily social activity of older adults. At the individual level, GMMs allowed the identification of personal habits, such as morningness-eveningness for making calls. At the population level, k-means clustering allowed the structuring of these individual habits into specific morningness or eveningness clusters. Conclusions These findings support the potential of phone technologies and statistical learning approaches to automatically provide personalized and precise information on the social rhythms of telephone call activity of older individuals. Futures studies could integrate such digital insights with other sources of data to complete assessments of the circadian rhythms of activity in elderly populations.

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Activity Engagement in Cognitive Aging: A Review of the Evidence

Perspectives on Neurophysiology and Neurogenic Speech and Language Disorders ◽

10.1044/nnsld23.1.35 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. 1-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Yvonne Rogalski ◽

Muriel Quintana

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Cognitive Decline ◽

Cognitive Aging ◽

Social Activity ◽

Current Evidence ◽

Omega 3 ◽

Neuroprotective Effects ◽

Activity Engagement ◽

Age Related ◽

Age Related Cognitive Decline

The population of older adults is rapidly increasing, as is the number and type of products and interventions proposed to prevent or reduce the risk of age-related cognitive decline. Advocacy and prevention are part of the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association’s (ASHA’s) scope of practice documents, and speech-language pathologists must have basic awareness of the evidence contributing to healthy cognitive aging. In this article, we provide a brief overview outlining the evidence on activity engagement and its effects on cognition in older adults. We explore the current evidence around the activities of eating and drinking with a discussion on the potential benefits of omega-3 fatty acids, polyphenols, alcohol, and coffee. We investigate the evidence on the hypothesized neuroprotective effects of social activity, the evidence on computerized cognitive training, and the emerging behavioral and neuroimaging evidence on physical activity. We conclude that actively aging using a combination of several strategies may be our best line of defense against cognitive decline.

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PRIEST IVAN VELYCHKO (1836—1889): THE WAY OF LIFE, RELIGIOUS AND SOCIAL ACTIVITY

The Ethnology Notebooks ◽

10.15407/nz2020.02.435 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 152 (2) ◽

pp. 435-449

Author(s):

Yuriy NESTERUK ◽

Nazariy NESTERUK

Keyword(s):

Social Activity ◽

Way Of Life ◽

The Way

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Telephone Calls To Reduce 30-Day Readmissions For Older Adults With Heart Failure

10.22371/07.2015.037 ◽

2015 ◽

Author(s):

Juanette Clark

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Older Adults ◽

Telephone Calls

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Analysis of Global Oxidative Status Using Multimarker Scores Reveals a Specific Association Between Renal Dysfunction and Diuretic Therapy in Older Adults

The Journals of Gerontology Series A ◽

10.1093/gerona/glab012 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Elena Rodríguez-Sánchez ◽

José Alberto Navarro-García ◽

Jennifer Aceves-Ripoll ◽

Laura González-Lafuente ◽

Nerea Corbacho-Alonso ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Older Adults ◽

Renal Function ◽

Oxidative Status ◽

Protein Carbonyls ◽

Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Older Population ◽

Sod Activity ◽

Pronounced Increase ◽

Diuretic Treatment

Abstract Aging and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are important interrelated cardiovascular risk (CVR) factors linked to oxidative stress, but this relationship has not been well studied in older adults. We assessed the global oxidative status in an older population with normal to severely impaired renal function. We determined the oxidative status of 93 older adults (mean age 85 years) using multimarker scores. OxyScore was computed as index of systemic oxidative damage by analyzing carbonyl groups, oxidized low-density lipoprotein, 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine, and xanthine oxidase activity. AntioxyScore was computed as index of antioxidant defense by analyzing catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and total antioxidant capacity. OxyScore and AntioxyScore were higher in subjects with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 than in peers with eGFR >60 mL/min/1.73 m2, with protein carbonyls, catalase, and SOD activity as major drivers. Older adults with a recent cardiovascular event had similar OxyScore and AntioxyScore as peers with eGFR >60 mL/min/1.73 m2. Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that both indices were associated with decreased eGFR independently of traditional CVR factors. Interestingly, AntioxyScore was also associated with diuretic treatment, and a more pronounced increase was seen in subjects receiving combination therapy. The associations of AntioxyScore with diuretic treatment and eGFR were mutually independent. In conclusion, eGFR is the major contributor to the imbalance in oxidative stress in this older population. Given the association between oxidative stress, CKD, and CVR, the inclusion of renal function parameters in CVR estimators for older populations, such as the SCORE-OP, might improve their modest performance.

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Long-Term Effects on Loneliness of a Computer-Tailored Intervention for Older Adults With Chronic Diseases: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Journal of Aging and Health ◽

10.1177/08982643211015027 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 089826432110150

Author(s):

Janet M. Boekhout ◽

Esmee Volders ◽

Catherine A. W. Bolman ◽

Renate H. M. de Groot ◽

Lilian Lechner

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Randomized Controlled Trial ◽

Chronic Diseases ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Social Activity ◽

Time Frame ◽

Future Research ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Social Loneliness

Objectives: This study explores the effects of the Active Plus intervention aiming to decrease loneliness among older adults (>65 years) with chronic diseases. Methods: A randomized controlled trial (RCT) was performed (N = 585; age: M = 74.5 years, SD = 6.4), assessing loneliness at baseline, 6 months and 12 months. Outcome measures in the multilevel linear regression analyses were total, social and emotional loneliness. Results: At 12 months, significant decreases in total ( B = −.37, p = .01) and social loneliness ( B = −.24, p = .02) were found. Age was a significant moderator for total and social loneliness; however, the intervention was effective only for participants aged 80 years and older. Discussion: The Active Plus intervention showed a significant decrease in total and social loneliness and was especially beneficial for the vulnerable age group of 80 years and older. A more comprehensive tool for measuring social activity and mobility impairments, and using a longer time frame to detect loneliness changes, may form interesting future research.

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