scholarly journals Prevalence of and Factors Associated With Eustachian Tube Dysfunction Among the Public in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia: Cross-Sectional Survey-Based Study (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalid A Alshehri ◽  
Omar M Saggaf ◽  
Hussein M Alshamrani ◽  
Abdulrahman Mutlaq Alnefaie ◽  
Khalid B Alghamdi
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Family History ◽  
Eustachian Tube ◽  
Eustachian Tube Dysfunction ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
Tube Dysfunction ◽  
History Of

BACKGROUND Obstruction of the Eustachian tube is a common condition that is unpleasant and might lead to various middle ear disorders. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of Eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD) among the public in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. METHODS This cross-sectional survey-based study was conducted in Jeddah during August 2018 by distributing an electronic survey form to participants from different districts of the city. All male and female residents of Jeddah aged 10 years and above had the chance to participate in this study. RESULTS A total of 2372 participants (female, 1535/2372, 64.71%; male, 837/2372, 35.28%; mean age 31.31 years, SD 11.85 years) agreed to contribute to our study. Upon analysis of their answers to the questionnaire, the overall prevalence of ETD in our sample was found to be 42.49% (1008/2372). The prevalence was higher among participants who reported a previous diagnosis of ETD and hearing loss (1897/2372, 80.00% and 1902/2372, 80.21%, respectively). Additionally, participants with a family history of hearing loss had a significantly higher prevalence (1136/2372, 47.92%) of ETD than those with no family history of hearing loss. Our analysis also showed that females were at a greater risk of developing ETD than males (<i>P</i>=.01). CONCLUSIONS As per our prevalence data, ETD is a common disease in Jeddah, pointing to the need for more attention, awareness, and research.

scholarly journals Prevalence of and Factors Associated With Eustachian Tube Dysfunction Among the Public in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia: Cross-Sectional Survey-Based Study

10.2196/14640 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. e14640
Author(s):  
Khalid A Alshehri ◽  
Omar M Saggaf ◽  
Hussein M Alshamrani ◽  
Abdulrahman Mutlaq Alnefaie ◽  
Khalid B Alghamdi
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Family History ◽  
Eustachian Tube ◽  
Eustachian Tube Dysfunction ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
Tube Dysfunction ◽  
History Of

Background Obstruction of the Eustachian tube is a common condition that is unpleasant and might lead to various middle ear disorders. Objective This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of Eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD) among the public in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Methods This cross-sectional survey-based study was conducted in Jeddah during August 2018 by distributing an electronic survey form to participants from different districts of the city. All male and female residents of Jeddah aged 10 years and above had the chance to participate in this study. Results A total of 2372 participants (female, 1535/2372, 64.71%; male, 837/2372, 35.28%; mean age 31.31 years, SD 11.85 years) agreed to contribute to our study. Upon analysis of their answers to the questionnaire, the overall prevalence of ETD in our sample was found to be 42.49% (1008/2372). The prevalence was higher among participants who reported a previous diagnosis of ETD and hearing loss (1897/2372, 80.00% and 1902/2372, 80.21%, respectively). Additionally, participants with a family history of hearing loss had a significantly higher prevalence (1136/2372, 47.92%) of ETD than those with no family history of hearing loss. Our analysis also showed that females were at a greater risk of developing ETD than males (P=.01). Conclusions As per our prevalence data, ETD is a common disease in Jeddah, pointing to the need for more attention, awareness, and research.

Eustachian tube balloon dilatation: a cross-sectional, survey-based study of 137 UK consultants

2019 ◽  
Vol 134 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
F S Koumpa ◽  
I Moraitis ◽  
P Bowles ◽  
N Saunders
Keyword(s):  
Eustachian Tube ◽  
Balloon Dilatation ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Eustachian Tube Dysfunction ◽  
National Database ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tube Dysfunction ◽  
The Uk

AbstractObjectiveTo explore the opinions of the UK consultant body on endoscopic Eustachian tube balloon dilatation in the context of Eustachian tube dysfunction.MethodA 10-question online survey was distributed to ENT consultants currently practising in the UK (July–September 2018).ResultsA total of 137 ENT consultants responded. Twenty-three per cent reported experience of Eustachian tube balloon dilatation, with a further 10 per cent planning to start performing the procedure. Of those performing the procedure, 16 per cent had more than two years’ experience. Thirty-two per cent were performing zero to five procedures a year. Eustachian tube balloon dilatation was primarily conducted to treat Eustachian tube dysfunction symptoms, as well as retraction pockets, baro-challenge-induced Eustachian tube dysfunction and otitis media with effusion. The most common reason for not undertaking Eustachian tube balloon dilatation was insufficient evidence of efficacy (65 per cent). Seventy-two per cent of consultants thought that creating a national database for audit and monitoring purposes would benefit the specialty.ConclusionThe majority of UK ENT consultants do not practise Eustachian tube balloon dilatation, citing a lack of high-level evidence to support its use. A national database for auditing and research could facilitate the creation of guidelines.

Evaluating the readiness of mobile technology in Saudi Arabia: An Integrative Perspective with respect to e-health (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahad Alanezi
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Health System ◽  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Apps ◽  
History Of ◽  
Vision 2030 ◽  
Awareness Programs

UNSTRUCTURED E-health system is emerging and providing health services and solutions through different electronic gadgets. Saudi Arabia has launched a program called Saudi Arabia vision 2030, in which providing state-of-the-art health facilities to their citizen is of topmost priority. After all the efforts, the residents of Saudi Arabia are still reluctant for the adaptation of e-health system. The current study was conducted to evaluate the obstacle in adoption of the e-health system through the mobile phones. The current study was cross-sectional survey and was conducted by developing a self-administered structured questionnaire asking the utilization of mobile phone in state of health emergency prior to ask any medical history. Majority of the participants was married and doing jobs in different firms and have their personal mobile phones (p = 0.100, > 0.05) which indicates easily access to the e-health apps. The majority of the participants suffers from either obesity or high blood pressure (p = 0.018, < 0.05) regardless of either history of mental disorder or other family history of mental diseases. The pattern of diseases with mental disorders correlate well with adoption of e-health in government policies. The obstacles in adopting e-health includes fear of the loss of personal data and information (p = 0.0401, < 0.05). Moreover, they did not trust on online medications as the doctor cannot prescribe medicines without seeing physical health of the patient. The current study concluded that by making improvement in policies and proper commercializing the e-health apps together with awareness programs can boast the adoption of e-health in Saudi Arabia.

scholarly journals Eustachian Tube Dysfunction and Wideband Absorbance Measurements at Tympanometric Peak Pressure and 0 daPa

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (09) ◽  
pp. 781-791 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sreedevi Aithal ◽  
Venkatesh Aithal ◽  
Joseph Kei ◽  
Shane Anderson ◽  
Simon Liebenberg
Keyword(s):  
Eustachian Tube ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Peak Pressure ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Eustachian Tube Dysfunction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tube Dysfunction

AbstractAlthough wideband absorbance (WBA) provides important information about middle ear function, there is limited research on the use of WBA to evaluate eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD). To date, WBA obtained under pressurized condition has not been used to evaluate ETD.The objective of the study was to compare WBA at 0 daPa and tympanometric peak pressure (TPP) conditions in healthy ears and ears with ETD.A cross-sectional study design was used.A total of 102 healthy ears from 79 participants (mean age = 10.0 yr) and 43 ears from 32 patients with ETD (mean age = 16.0 yr) were included in this cross-sectional study. WBA was measured at 0 daPa (WBA0) and TPP WBA at TPP (WBATPP).WBA results were analyzed using descriptive statistics and t-tests with the Bonferroni correction. An analysis of variance with repeated measures was applied to the data.WBA0 was significantly lower in the ETD group than in the control group. The WBA0 of the control group demonstrated a broad peak between 1.25 and 4 kHz, whereas the WBA0 of the ETD group had a peak between 2.5 and 4 kHz. WBATPP of the ETD group approached values close to that of the control group. In the control group, WBATPP was only 0.06 to 0.09 higher than WBA0, whereas in the ETD group, WBATPP was 0.29 to 0.42 higher than WBA0 between 0.6 and 1.5 kHz. A differential pattern of WBA at TPP relative to 0 daPa was observed between ears with ETD and ears with otitis media with effusion (OME) and negative middle ear pressure (NMEP).Hence, a comparison of WBA0 and WBATPP can provide potentially useful diagnostic information, and hence can be used as an adjunct tool to evaluate ETD. This is important especially in young children or some adults who are unable to perform maneuvers such as Toynbee or Valsalva during ETD assessment. Further research is needed to verify the results using test performance measures to determine whether WBA0 and WBATPP can objectively determine the presence of ETD or OME with NMEP.

scholarly journals One Snake or Two? Exploring Medical Symbols Among Medical Students

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-87
Author(s):  
Kazeem Kanmodi Kehinde ◽  
Adebayo Oladimeji ◽  
Ayomikun Adesina Miracle ◽  
Francis Fagbule Omotayo ◽  
Emerenini Franklin
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Medical Curriculum ◽  
Medical Society ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Orthodox Medicine ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
North West ◽  
The Public ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background: Symbols play a very crucial role in the culture of a society, and the medical society is not an exception to this. In the world of Orthodox medicine, the Rod of Asclepius is regarded as the true symbol of medicine. However, there exists to be an issue of interchange of the correct medical symbol (i.e. Rod of Asclepius) with another similar symbol (i.e. the Caduceus). This study aims to explore medical students’ knowledge and opinion on the appropriate symbol of medicine. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional survey of 84 medical students at the Usmanu Danfodiyo University (UDU), North-West Nigeria. Study tool was a paper questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using the Epi info 7 Software. Results: The mean (±SD) age of the participants was 23.7 (±3.4) years, 72.6% were males, and 73.8% were in their 4th year. Only 59.5% had interest in non-medical literature. Also, only 6.0% had doctors as their parents. The majority (88.1%) of the participants erroneously identified the Caduceus symbol as the most appropriate symbol of medicine. Furthermore, only 45.2% indicated that the Rod of Asclepius and the Caduceus symbols originated from ancient Greece. Virtually all (97.6%) the participants opined that the Caduceus symbol is the most popular symbol of Medicine. Finally, the majority (73.8%) of the participants recommended that a course on the History of Medicine should be added to the medical curriculum of their school. Conclusion: This study found that the majority of the surveyed medical students did not know much about the historically correct medical symbol. This shows the need for awareness creation on the true symbol of medicine among medical students, and even the public-at-large.

scholarly journals Elevated glycosylated hemoglobin levels and its interactive effects on hypertension risk in non-diabetic population: a cross-sectional survey in China

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
jian song ◽  
nana wei ◽  
yingying zhao ◽  
yuhong jiang ◽  
xuesen wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hypertension Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
Family History Of Hypertension ◽  
Hba1c Levels

Abstract Background Abnormal glucose metabolism have been suggested to be involved in the development of hypertension. The present study aimed to investigate the associations and potential interactions of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) with other factors on the risk of hypertension among Chinese non-diabetic adults. Methods As a cross-sectional survey, the current work provided questionnaire survey, anthropometric tests and biochemical measure for each of the eligible participants. The HbA1c levels were quantified and grouped by quartiles. The correlation between HbA1c and hypertension risk in non-diabetic were investigated by univariate and multivariate analyses. For evaluating the interactive effects, the parameters of Relative Excess Risk due to Interaction (RERI), Attributable Proportion due to Interaction (AP) and Synergy Index (SI) were calculated, respectively. Results In the current study, 1462 non-diabetic subjects were enrolled. Totally, the prevalence of hypertension was 22.4% (n=327) in the individuals without diabetes. When the HbA1c levels were grouped by quartiles, it was revealed that the prevalence of hypertension substantially elevated across groups ( P for trend <0.001). In the multivariable logistic regression analyses, in comparison with the first quartile of HbA1c, the normalized OR for hypertension risk were 1.90 (95% CI:1.28-2.80) for the highest quartile. Besides, the ROC curve analysis indicated that the best threshold of HbA1c as the predictor for hypertension risk was 4.95 in non-diabetic subjects, with the AUC of 0.60 (0.58-0.63). Eventually, it was demonstrated from the interactive effect analysis that the HbA1c significantly interacted with abdominal obesity (RERI: 1.48, 95% CI: 0.38- 2.58; AP: 0.37, 95% CI: 0.14-0.60 and SI: 1.96, 95% CI: 1.06-3.62) and family history of hypertension (AP: 0.37, 95% CI: 0.05-0.70) on the risk of hypertension in non-diabetic participants. Conclusion The risk of hypertension was aggravated by the up-regulated HbA1c in an independent and synergistic manner with abdominal obesity and family history of hypertension in Chinese subjects without diabetes.

scholarly journals Prevalence of stroke and stroke related risk factors: a population based cross sectional survey in southwestern China

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingyang Yi ◽  
Hua Luo ◽  
Ju Zhou ◽  
Ming Yu ◽  
Xiaorong Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Population Attributable Risk ◽  
Southwestern China ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Stroke Population ◽  
History Of ◽  
Lack Of Exercise

Abstract Background: Stroke and its risk factors epidemiological survey can help identify individuals at higher risk and therefore promote stroke prevention strategies. The aim of this study was to estimate the current prevalence of stroke and high risk stroke population, and evaluate stroke associated risk factors in southwestern China. Methods: This was a multi-center, cross sectional survey in southwestern China from May 2015 to September 2015. The 8 communities were selected at random, and 17413 residents aged ≥ 40 years volunteered to participate in this survey. Data were collected through face-to-face survey using a structured questionnaire. 521 participants with incomplete questionnaires on stroke history or risk factors records were excluded. Results: A total of 16892 people included in analysis. The overall prevalence of stroke was 3.1% (95% CI 2.6% - 3.9%), 17.1% of participants were the high risk stroke population. After full adjustments, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, overweight, lack of exercise and family history of stroke were significantly associated with overall stroke and ischemic stroke. The largest contributor was hypertension (population-attributable risk 23.6%), followed by dyslipidemia, physical inactivity, family history of stroke, diabetes, and overweight. However, only hypertension (OR = 3.66, 95% CI 1.82-8.23) was significantly associated with hemorrhagic stroke. Conclusions: The prevalence of stroke and high risk stroke population was high among adults aged ≥ 40 years in southwestern China. Hypertension, dyslipidemia and lack of exercise were stronger contributors for stroke, these findings suggest that individual-level and population-level interventions for these leading risk factors are necessary to prevent stroke.

scholarly journals Prevalence of stroke and stroke related risk factors: a population based cross sectional survey in southwestern China

BMC Neurology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingyang Yi ◽  
Hua Luo ◽  
Ju Zhou ◽  
Ming Yu ◽  
Xiaorong Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Population Attributable Risk ◽  
Southwestern China ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Stroke Population ◽  
History Of ◽  
Lack Of Exercise

Abstract Background Stroke and its risk factors epidemiological survey can help identify individuals at higher risk and therefore promote stroke prevention strategies. The aim of this study was to estimate the current prevalence of stroke and high risk stroke population, and evaluate stroke associated risk factors in southwestern China. Methods This was a multi-center, cross sectional survey in southwestern China from May 2015 to September 2015. The eight communities were selected at random, and 17,413 residents aged ≥40 years volunteered to participate in this survey. Data were collected through face-to-face survey using a structured questionnaire. Five hundred twenty-one participants with incomplete questionnaires on stroke history or risk factors records were excluded. Results A total of 16,892 people included in analysis. The overall prevalence of stroke was 3.1% (95% CI 2.6–3.9%), 17.1% of participants were the high risk stroke population. After full adjustments, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, overweight, lack of exercise and family history of stroke were significantly associated with overall stroke and ischemic stroke. The largest contributor was hypertension (population-attributable risk 23.6%), followed by dyslipidemia, physical inactivity, family history of stroke, diabetes, and overweight. However, only hypertension (OR = 3.66, 95% CI 1.82–8.23) was significantly associated with hemorrhagic stroke. Conclusions The prevalence of stroke and high risk stroke population was high among adults aged ≥40 years in southwestern China. Hypertension, dyslipidemia and lack of exercise were stronger contributors for stroke, these findings suggest that individual-level and population-level interventions for these leading risk factors are necessary to prevent stroke.

Nocturnal enuresis among children in Morogoro region in Tanzania: A cross-sectional survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-29
Author(s):  
Nehemia Kilongo ◽  
Francis F. Furia
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
African Region ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Childhood Disorders ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
History Of

Background: Enuresis is common childhood disorders which affecting quality of life of children and causing significant psychosocial disturbances to children and their families. This condition has been widely reported globally with increasing data from sub-Saharan African region. In Tanzania there is no reports on its magnitude and therefore this study was carried out with the aim of determine the prevalence of this condition among children in Tanzania.Methods: This was a community based cross-sectional study conducted among children aged between 5 and 14 years recruited from 12 streets in Morogoro Municipality in Tanzania. Standardized Swahili questionnaire was used to collect data including socio-demographic details of parents,  children and presence of enuresis. Socio-demographic data included age of the child, sex, level of education of the parents, education of the child, presence of bed wetting, history of enuresis in the family.Results: Five hundred and ten children were recruited into this study out of which 271 (53.1%) were females and mean age of study participants was 9±2.8 years. Enuresis was noted in 19% (97/510) of children, 68% (66/97) and 32% (31/97) had primary and secondary enuresis respectively. Significantly higher prevalence rates of enuresis were noted for children aged below 8 years 26.4% (43/162) and those with family history of enuresis 47% (18/38) with p values of 0.01 and < 0.001 respectively. Forty-one (42.3%) out of 97 respondents whose children had enuresis reported to have punished their children and only 21.4% (20/97) reported to have sought treatment for their children.Conclusions: Enuresis is common among children in Tanzania particularly those with positive family history. Punishment to children with enuresis was noted in this study and only one in five parents/guardians sought treatment for their affected children. Therefore, there is a need for initiatives for raising community awareness about enuresis in Tanzania Key words: Enuresis in children, prevalence of enuresis in Tanzania, factors affecting enuresis in children.

MO855PREVALENCE OF SELF-REPORTED KIDNEY  DISEASE AMONG THE FIRST DEGREE RELATIVES OF SAUDI PATIENTS ON DIALYSIS AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO SPECULATIVE VERSUS DEFINITIVE CAUSES OF CKD IN THE INDEX CASE

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulla Al-Sayyari
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Diagnostic Labels ◽  
Diagnostic Certainty ◽  
Dialysis Vintage ◽  
History Of ◽  
Male Patients

Abstract Background and Aims CKD is common in Saudi Arabia. This study evaluates and compares the prevalence and clinical characteristics of Saudi dialysis patients with a positive family history of kidney disease to those without such a history and to assess certainty of the CKD diagnosis by their physicians. Method This is a cross-sectional survey-based study on adult Saudi hemodialysis patients in six dialysis centers in four Saudi cities. The first part of the survey recorded the demographic variables and the degree of diagnostic certainty (completed by the physicians) and the second part (completed by the patients) recorded first degree family history of kidney disease. Results A total of 1080 patients were included. The prevalence of positive family history (FH) was 21.5%. The number of relatives affected was 285, (41%) were parents and (57%) were siblings. More relatives of female patients had ESRD than in relatives of male patients (80.2% and 68.9% respectively) (p=0.0001). There were significantly more patients with “unknown” or “hypertensive” diagnostic labels among the patients with FH of kidney disease than in the group without a family history (p=007 and 0.005 respectively). Dialysis vintage was significantly shorter and CKD vintage was significantly longer in positive FH patients (4.9 ±6.4 yrs.) than in patients without FH (5.9 ±5.8yrs) (p=0.03). The duration since the diagnosis of CKD was made was significantly longer in patients with FH of kidney disease (7.5±7.7 yrs.) than in patients without (2.0±4.5) (p=0.0001). Of all the diagnoses given to the patients, more than half (57.8%) were either “unknown” (33%) or only speculative in nature (25.3%). In those with a diagnostic label, the diagnosis was thought to be definitive in only 62.2% of the cases. Conclusion The prevalence of FH of kidney disease was 21.5%, and it was more prevalent with patients with “unknown” or “hypertension” (13%) diagnostic labels.

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