scholarly journals Tracking COVID-19 in Europe: Infodemiology Approach (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amaryllis Mavragani
Keyword(s):  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Google Trends ◽  
Web Based ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Official Data

BACKGROUND Infodemiology (ie, information epidemiology) uses web-based data to inform public health and policy. Infodemiology metrics have been widely and successfully used to assess and forecast epidemics and outbreaks. OBJECTIVE In light of the recent coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic that started in Wuhan, China in 2019, online search traffic data from Google are used to track the spread of the new coronavirus disease in Europe. METHODS Time series from Google Trends from January to March 2020 on the Topic (Virus) of “Coronavirus” were retrieved and correlated with official data on COVID-19 cases and deaths worldwide and in the European countries that have been affected the most: Italy (at national and regional level), Spain, France, Germany, and the United Kingdom. RESULTS Statistically significant correlations are observed between online interest and COVID-19 cases and deaths. Furthermore, a critical point, after which the Pearson correlation coefficient starts declining (even if it is still statistically significant) was identified, indicating that this method is most efficient in regions or countries that have not yet peaked in COVID-19 cases. CONCLUSIONS In the past, infodemiology metrics in general and data from Google Trends in particular have been shown to be useful in tracking and forecasting outbreaks, epidemics, and pandemics as, for example, in the cases of the Middle East respiratory syndrome, Ebola, measles, and Zika. With the COVID-19 pandemic still in the beginning stages, it is essential to explore and combine new methods of disease surveillance to assist with the preparedness of health care systems at the regional level.

scholarly journals Tracking COVID-19 in Europe: Infodemiology Approach

10.2196/18941 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. e18941 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amaryllis Mavragani
Keyword(s):  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Google Trends ◽  
Web Based ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Official Data

Background Infodemiology (ie, information epidemiology) uses web-based data to inform public health and policy. Infodemiology metrics have been widely and successfully used to assess and forecast epidemics and outbreaks. Objective In light of the recent coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic that started in Wuhan, China in 2019, online search traffic data from Google are used to track the spread of the new coronavirus disease in Europe. Methods Time series from Google Trends from January to March 2020 on the Topic (Virus) of “Coronavirus” were retrieved and correlated with official data on COVID-19 cases and deaths worldwide and in the European countries that have been affected the most: Italy (at national and regional level), Spain, France, Germany, and the United Kingdom. Results Statistically significant correlations are observed between online interest and COVID-19 cases and deaths. Furthermore, a critical point, after which the Pearson correlation coefficient starts declining (even if it is still statistically significant) was identified, indicating that this method is most efficient in regions or countries that have not yet peaked in COVID-19 cases. Conclusions In the past, infodemiology metrics in general and data from Google Trends in particular have been shown to be useful in tracking and forecasting outbreaks, epidemics, and pandemics as, for example, in the cases of the Middle East respiratory syndrome, Ebola, measles, and Zika. With the COVID-19 pandemic still in the beginning stages, it is essential to explore and combine new methods of disease surveillance to assist with the preparedness of health care systems at the regional level.

scholarly journals Predicting epidemics using search engine data: a comparative study on measles in the largest countries of Europe

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Loukas Samaras ◽  
Miguel-Angel Sicilia ◽  
Elena García-Barriocanal
Keyword(s):  
Competent Authority ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Google Trends ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The One ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Official Data

Abstract Background In recent years new forms of syndromic surveillance that use data from the Internet have been proposed. These have been developed to assist the early prediction of epidemics in various cases and diseases. It has been found that these systems are accurate in monitoring and predicting outbreaks before these are observed in population and, therefore, they can be used as a complement to other methods. In this research, our aim is to examine a highly infectious disease, measles, as there is no extensive literature on forecasting measles using Internet data, Methods This research has been conducted with official data on measles for 5 years (2013–2018) from the competent authority of the European Union (European Center of Disease and Prevention - ECDC) and data obtained from Google Trends by using scripts coded in Python. We compared regression models forecasting the development of measles in the five countries. Results Results show that measles can be estimated and predicted through Google Trends in terms of time, volume and the overall spread. The combined results reveal a strong relationship of measles cases with the predicted cases (correlation coefficient R= 0.779 in two-tailed significance p< 0.01). The mean standard error was relatively low 45.2 (12.19%) for the combined results. However, major differences and deviations were observed for countries with a relatively low impact of measles, such as the United Kingdom and Spain. For these countries, alternative models were tested in an attempt to improve the results. Conclusions The estimation of measles cases from Google Trends produces acceptable results and can help predict outbreaks in a robust and sound manner, at least 2 months in advance. Python scripts can be used individually or within the framework of an integrated Internet surveillance system for tracking epidemics as the one addressed here.

Utilization of Health Care Coalitions and Resiliency Forums in the United States and United Kingdom: Different Approaches to Strengthen Emergency Preparedness

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Walsh ◽  
Allan Graeme Swan
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Health Care ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Emergency Management ◽  
Emergency Preparedness ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
The United States ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Care Systems

ABSTRACTThe process for developing national emergency management strategies for both the United States and the United Kingdom has led to the formulation of differing approaches to meet similar desired outcomes. Historically, the pathways for each are the result of the enactment of legislation in response to a significant event or a series of events. The resulting laws attempt to revise practices and policies leading to more effective and efficient management in preparing, responding, and mitigating all types of natural, manmade, and technological hazards. Following the turn of the 21st century, each country has experienced significant advancements in emergency management including the formation and utilization of 2 distinct models: health care coalitions in the United States and resiliency forums in the United Kingdom. Both models have evolved from circumstances and governance unique to each country. Further in-depth study of both approaches will identify strengths, weaknesses, and existing gaps to meet continued and future challenges of our respective disaster health care systems. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2016;10:161–164)

scholarly journals Feasibility, Satisfaction With, and Attitude Toward Telerehabilitation During COVID-19 Pandemic: Experience of Iranian Rehabilitation Professionals

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 399-406
Author(s):  
Hooshang Dadgar ◽  
◽  
Saman Maroufizadeh ◽  
Jalal Bakhtiyari ◽  
Atabak Vosoughi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Virtual Training ◽  
Rehabilitation Professionals ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Positive Correlations

Objectives: COVID-19 pandemic and its consequences highlighted the importance of using telerehabilitation systems and affected the professional’s attitude toward it. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility, satisfaction, and attitude of rehabilitation professionals toward telerehabilitation during the COVID-19 pandemic in Iran. Methods: A web-based cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the feasibility, satisfaction, and attitude of rehabilitation professionals toward virtual training and telerehabilitation during the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 118 occupational therapists, speech therapists, audiologists, psychologists, and educators completed the study questionnaires. Results: The findings indicate that the correlations among satisfaction, feasibility, advantages, and compatibility were significant (r ranging from 0.418 to 0.717). There were significant but weak positive correlations between years of working experience and scores of feasibility and advantages. In addition, the mean scores of feasibility, advantages, compatibility, and complexity in participants who provided telerehabilitation before the COVID-19 pandemic were higher than other respondents. Discussion: Because of the positive role of telerehabilitation in a situation such as the COVID-19 pandemic, health care systems should create mechanisms for its optimal use, protocol preparation, health professionals training, and infrastructure acquisition.

scholarly journals "Models of Care" — a new section in Australian Health Review

2007 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Deborah Yarmo-Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Systems ◽  
The United States ◽  
Models Of Care ◽  
Model Of Care ◽  
Kaiser Permanente ◽  
Australian Health ◽  
Department Of Health ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Health Review

HEALTH CARE SYSTEMS in Australia and abroad encompass multiple ?models of care?. While diversity is inevitable, the models of care can be contradictory and controversial. International influences are acknowledged. From a policy perspective, the Department of Health in the United Kingdom has issued a number of documents outlining models of care that are being trialled or mainstreamed. These include an NHS (National Health Service) and social care model and a chronic disease management model.1,2 These models are based on a version of a health insurer model of care from the United States that originated with Kaiser Permanente.

scholarly journals Hematology in the United Kingdom

2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 231-233
Author(s):  
Archie Prentice
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
International Health ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Oncology Care ◽  
American Society ◽  
Oncology Practice ◽  
International Health Care

This article is the first in a series of features comparing and contrasting aspects of oncology care delivery in non-US settings. The Journal of Oncology Practice will occasionally publish similar pieces in anticipation of discovering best practices from international health care systems. Dr Prentice's contribution is based on his presentation to the Committee on Practice of the American Society of Hematology at their December 2005 meeting.

scholarly journals Telemedicine and Computer-Based Technologies during Coronavirus Disease 2019 Infection; A Chance to Educate and Diagnose

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 561-563
Author(s):  
Reza Jafarzadeh-Esfehani ◽  
Mohsen Mirzaei Fard ◽  
Farzaneh Habibi Hatam-Ghale ◽  
Alireza Rezaei Kalat ◽  
Amir Fathi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Close Contact ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Clinical Severity ◽  
Medical Decision ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Online Consultation ◽  
Pulmonary Manifestations ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Rapid Dissemination ◽  
Computer Based

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is now of global concern due to its rapid dissemination across the globe. The rapid spread of this viral infection, along with many of its unknown aspects, has posed new challenges to the health care systems. The main challenging effects of COVID-19 are rapid dissemination through close contact and varying clinical severity among different individuals. Furthermore, the medical staff in endemic areas are becoming exhausted and deal with a considerable level of job burnout, which can negatively affect their medical decision making. Also, due to the variable pulmonary manifestations of COVID-19, some physicians may misdiagnose patients. To overcome these issues, we proposed a web-based software to aid physicians in detecting possible COVID-19 cases through online consultation with different specialists and educate the not-well experienced physicians. Our results demonstrated that this software could improve the diagnostic rate for not-well experienced physicians.

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