scholarly journals China’s Health Informatization：Development, Status Quo and Challenges During COVID-19 (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mian Huang ◽  
Jian Wang ◽  
Stephen Nicholas ◽  
Elizabeth Maitland ◽  
Ziyue Guo
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Health Resource ◽  
Health Resource Allocation ◽  
The Status ◽  
Technology Applications

BACKGROUND By applying advanced health information technology (HIT) to the healthcare field, health informatization helps optimize health resource allocation, improve healthcare services and realize universal health coverage. COVID-19 has tested the status quo of China’s health informatization, revealing challenges to the health care system. OBJECTIVE Our study analyzes the development, status quo and practice of China's health informatization, especially during COVID-19, and makes recommendations to address the health informatization challenges. METHODS We analyzed the development of China’s health informatization from five perspectives: health information infrastructure, information technology applications, financial and intellectual investment, health resource allocation and standard system, and discussed the status quo of the Internet plus healthcare service pattern during COVID-19. The main data sources included China’ policy documents and national plans on health informatization, commercial and public welfare sources and websites, public reports, institutional reports and academic papers. In particular, we extracted data from the 2019 National Health Informatization Survey released by the National Health Commission (NHC) in China. RESULTS China has developed its health information infrastructure and information technology applications, made significant financial and intellectual informatization investments and improved health resource allocations. Tested during COVID-19, China's status quo health informatization sytem, especially the Internet plus healthcare, has played a crucial role in monitoring and controlling the pandemic and allocating medical resources. However, an uneven distribution of health resources and insufficient financial and intellectual investment continue to challenge China's health informatization. CONCLUSIONS China’s rapid development of health informatization has played a crucial role during COVID-19, providing a reference point for global pandemic prevention and control. To further promote health informatization, China’s health informatization needs to strengthen top-level design, increase investment and training, upgrade the health infrastructure and IT applications and improve Internet plus healthcare services.

scholarly journals Equity of Health Resources Allocation in Rural Guangxi from 2016 to 2019: An Empirical Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shang-yu-hui HUANG ◽  
Meng DENG ◽  
Jun FENG ◽  
Qi-ming FENG
Keyword(s):  
Health Center ◽  
Rural Health ◽  
Health Resources ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Theil Index ◽  
Resources Allocation ◽  
Health Resource ◽  
Health Resource Allocation ◽  
Rural Health Center ◽  
The Status

Abstract Background: Since 2009, the main task of the new health reform in China is to increase the equity of health resources allocation in primary health care institutions. Health policies and strategies have been established to increase the capacity of PHC services, with improved equity as the most important goal. The objective of this study is to analyze the status quo and equity of health resources distribution in rural Guangxi from 2016 to 2019.Methods: Descriptive statistics analysis was used to analyze the status quo of health resource allocation in rural health center in Guangxi from 2016 to 2019. Lorenz curve, Gini coefficient and Theil index were used to evaluate the equity of health resource allocation in rural health center in Guangxi from 2016 to 2019, from three dimensions of population, geography and economy. Results: From 2016 to 2019, the total amount of health resources in rural health center in Guangxi was increased, but the professional title and education background of health workers is still low. In 2019, the Gini coefficient was 0.085-0.217 geographically, 0.080-0.367 demographically and 0.135-0.340 economically. The total Theil index was 013-0.211, and the majority of the contribution rate of within regions was greater than the between regions. Conclusion: From 2016 to 2019, the distribution of health resources in rural Guangxi was uneven among regions, and with great differences within regions.

scholarly journals Equity of Health Resources Allocation in Rural Guangxi from 2016 to 2019: An Empirical Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shangyuhui Huang ◽  
FENG Qi-ming
Keyword(s):  
Health Center ◽  
Rural Health ◽  
Health Resources ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Theil Index ◽  
Resources Allocation ◽  
Health Resource ◽  
Health Resource Allocation ◽  
Rural Health Center ◽  
The Status

Abstract Background: Since 2009, the main task of the new health reform in China is to increase the equity of health resources allocation in primary health care institutions. Health policies and strategies have been established to increase the capacity of PHC services, with improved equity as the most important goal. The objective of this study is to analyze the status quo and equity of health resources distribution in rural Guangxi from 2016 to 2019.Methods: Descriptive statistics analysis was used to analyze the status quo of health resource allocation in rural health center in Guangxi from 2016 to 2019. Lorenz curve, Gini coefficient and Theil index were used to evaluate the equity of health resource allocation in rural health center in Guangxi from 2016 to 2019, from three dimensions of population, geography and economy. Results: From 2016 to 2019, the total amount of health resources in rural health center in Guangxi was increased, but the professional title and education background of health workers is still low. In 2019, the Gini coefficient was 0.085-0.217 geographically, 0.080-0.367 demographically and 0.135-0.340 economically. The total Theil index was 013-0.211, and the majority of the contribution rate of within regions was greater than the between regions. Conclusion: From 2016 to 2019, the distribution of health resources in rural Guangxi was uneven among regions, and with great differences within regions.

scholarly journals Prawo małoletnich do wolności od hazardu, uzależnienia od Internetu i gier komputerowych

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 47-75
Author(s):  
Wioletta Pawska
Keyword(s):  
Sense Of Belonging ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Gaming Addiction ◽  
Online Environment ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
The Status ◽  
Legislative Changes ◽  
The Right

The Right of Minors to Freedom from Gambling and Internet andGaming Addition The aim of the article is to highlight the dangers of gambling and Internet and gaming addiction of minors and young persons. The author is convinced that in the absence of positive legislative changes and if creators of games engaging young persons in gaming are not punished, children will not be safe in the online environment. There will not have any other lives than those in the games they play. Additionally, the most important thing is the role of the parents, guardians and teachers. They should talk to children about the problem, show them the dangers and organise better their free time – in an educational and carefree way. In accordance with the obligatory rules of custody, they should ensure them suitable development, safety and a sense of belonging. The teachers ought to support these activities. Summarising, if the status quo continues to be tolerated, minors and young person’s will be deprived of carefree life and suffer from harm and even sudden deaths. The author is sure that parents and children do not give enough attention to that and we should not take away from young person’s the joy of simple things letting them play in the Internet instead.

A Different Kind of Subprime: Risk Management in Microcredit Lenders and their Implications on Debtors

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graeme Mckinnon-Nestman
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Developing Regions ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
The Status ◽  
Shed Light

Microfinance is a movement which aims to promote financial inclusion and empower individuals through small loans (as well as other services) to finance business ventures in the developing world and beyond. Microfinance aims to meet the financial needs of individuals who are left out of the scope of more mainstream financial services, while avoiding the perceived shortfalls of traditional aid such as dependence. Along with the expansion of microfinancial institutions (MFIs) since the turn of the century and the proliferation of the internet, diligent and prudent management of these institutions has never been of greater importance. Though there is a lot of research on entrepreneurship, business, finance, andmanagement concerning more mainstream practices, it is clear that microfinance is at a frontier of modern commerce. Risk is basic to all business (as well as life in general) and in order for the microfinance movement to maintain its growth, it must be self-sustaining while maintaining its ability to assist meaningful development. This presentation will compare the risk management practices standard to MFIs now, as well as look at how risk is fundamentally different to small entrepreneurship in developing regions in comparison to developed economies. In doing so, it should shed light on the financing needs and realities of target individuals and see how MFIs in the status quo are able to meet them. From this we should seewhere the shortfalls currently lie and where things may be improved.

scholarly journals The evolution of quality improvement in healthcare: Patient-centered care and health information technology applications

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 62 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Cantiello ◽  
Panagiota Kitsantas ◽  
Shirley Moncada ◽  
Sabiheen Abdul
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Health Information Technology ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Patient Centered Care ◽  
Healthcare Industry ◽  
Patient Centered ◽  
Technology Applications ◽  
Centered Care

Objective: Quality improvement in the healthcare industry has evolved over the past few decades. In recent years, an increased focus on coordination of care efforts and the introduction of health information technology has been of high importance in improving the quality of patient care.Methods: In this review, we present a history of quality improvement efforts, discuss quality improvement in the healthcare industry, and examine quality improvement strategies with a focus on patient-centered care and information technology applications via patient registries.Results: Evidence shows that the key to quality improvement efforts in the healthcare industry is the coordination of patient care efforts through better data evaluation processes. By utilizing patient registries that can be linked to electronic health records (EHRs) and the Patient-Centered Medical Home (PCMH) framework, the quality of care provided to patients can be improved.Conclusions: While many healthcare organizations have quality improvement departments or teams in place that may be able to handle these types of efforts, it is important for organizations to be familiar with processes and frameworks that employees at different levels of the organization can be involved in. In order to ensure successful outcomes from quality improvement initiatives, managers and clinicians should work together in identifying problems and developing solutions.

scholarly journals Differences in regional distribution and inequality in health-resource allocation at hospital and primary health centre levels: a longitudinal study in Shanghai, China

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. e035635
Author(s):  
Enhong Dong ◽  
Shipeng Liu ◽  
Minjie Chen ◽  
Hongmei Wang ◽  
Li-Wu Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Regional Distribution ◽  
Primary Health Centre ◽  
Theil Index ◽  
Health Resource ◽  
Healthcare Resources ◽  
Health Resource Allocation ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Inequality In Health

ObjectivesTo analyse differences in regional distribution and inequality in health-resource allocation at the hospital and primary health centre (PHC) levels in Shanghai over 7 years.DesignA longitudinal survey using 2010–2016 data, which were collected for analysis.SettingThe study was conducted at the hospital and PHC levels in Shanghai, China.Outcome measuresTen health-resource indicators were used to measure health-resource distribution at the hospital and PHC levels. In addition, the Theil Index was calculated to measure inequality in health-resource allocation.ResultsAll quantities of healthcare resources per 1000 people in hospitals and PHCs increased across Shanghai districts from 2010 to 2016. Relative to suburban districts, the central districts had higher ratios, both in terms of doctors and equipment, and had faster growth in the doctor indicator and slower growth in the equipment indicator in hospitals and PHCs. The Theil Indices of all health-resource allocation in hospitals had higher values compared with those in PHCs every year from 2010 to 2016; furthermore, the Theil Indices of the indicators, except for technicians and doctors in hospitals, all exhibited downward time trends in hospitals and PHCs.ConclusionsIncreased healthcare resources and reduced inequality of health-resource allocation in Shanghai during the 7 years indicated that measures taken by the Shanghai government to deepen the new round of healthcare reform in China since 2009 had been successful. Meanwhile there still existed regional difference between urban and rural areas and inequality across different medical institutions. To solve these problems, we prescribe increased wages, improved working conditions, and more open access to career development for doctors and nurses; reduced investments in redundant equipment in hospitals; and other incentives for balancing the health workforce between hospitals and PHCs.

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