scholarly journals Anesthesia and operation and body fluid metabolism. Effect of the body fluid osmotic change on the circulation regulation.

1997 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 585-588
Author(s):  
HIROSHI NOSE
Keyword(s):  
Body Fluid ◽  
The Body ◽  
Osmotic Change

Of the Movement of Worms

1950 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
GARTH CHAPMAN
Keyword(s):  
Hydrostatic Pressure ◽  
Closed System ◽  
Body Fluid ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Working Length ◽  
Cylindrical Form ◽  
Maximum Thrust

Four aspects of the functioning of a fluid-filled cylindrical animal have been examined, viz.: (I) the role of the body fluid as a skeleton for the interaction of the longitudinal and circular muscles of which the animal must be composed; (2) the measurement of the maximum thrust which the animal can exert by measurement of its internal hydrostatic pressure; (3) the application of the force to the substratum and the part played by friction; (4) the relation between the changes in dimensions of the animal and the working length of the muscles. Under (1) the necessity for a longitudinal and circular construction has been shown and the necessity for a closed system emphasized. Under (2) the pressure exerted on the body fluid by the contraction of the longitudinal and circular muscles is discussed, and from their cross-sectional areas it is shown to be probable that when contracting maximally in Lumbricus they are not balanced, but that the longitudinals are about ten times as strong as the circulars. Under (3) it is shown that the strength of an animal as measured by its internal hydrostatic pressure is sufficient to account for its customary activities. Use which may be made of the longitudinals during burrowing is pointed out. Under (4) it is shown to be mechanically sound for burrowing animals of cylindrical form to be ‘fat’, but that a ‘thin’ animal is more efficient at progression.

Studies on the Physiology of Ascaris Lumbricoides

1952 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-29
Author(s):  
A. D. HOBSON ◽  
W. STEPHENSON ◽  
A. EDEN
Keyword(s):  
Ascaris Lumbricoides ◽  
Body Fluid ◽  
External Medium ◽  
Chloride Concentration ◽  
The Body ◽  
Considerable Proportion ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Inorganic Cations ◽  
Sodium And Potassium ◽  
Total Concentrations

The results obtained in this investigation are admittedly not as extensive as is desirable but they allow certain conclusions to be drawn. 1. The sodium and potassium contents of the body fluid of Ascaris lumbricoides are somewhat variable, but these variations do not seem to be dependent upon those of the external medium. 2. The calcium and magnesium contents of the body fluid are relatively constant and are not affected by those of the external medium. 3. The chloride concentration of the body fluid is closely related to and always remains lower than that of the external medium. 4. As shown in Table 2, there is a large gap between the total concentrations of inorganic cations and anions in the intestinal fluid of the pig. Presumably a considerable proportion of the inorganic cations are combined with organic anions, at present undetermined. Exposing the worms to saline media composed of chloride caused a large rise in the internal chloride concentration. This may well be a limiting factor in the life of the animals in such media, and the next step forward would seem to be the fuller analysis of the environment to which they are normally exposed.

scholarly journals MANAGEMENT OF CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE BY AYURVEDA W.S.R. TO BASTI

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 4426-4430
Author(s):  
Bhuvnesh Sharma ◽  
Gyanendra Datta Shukla ◽  
Parul Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Body Fluid ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
The Body ◽  
Gradual Loss ◽  
Urine Formation

Kidneys plays a vital role in homeostasis by maintaining the body fluid and removing the harmful toxins out of the body through urine formation. Chronic kidney disease is a type of kidney disease which is pro-gressive in nature and there is gradual loss of kidney function over a period of months or years and have complex and different etio-pathologies. With the growing number of cases and keeping in mind the availa-ble conventional line of treatment and its financial burden on patient, Ayurveda through its holistic line of management, either in the form of Shamana & Shodhana or in the form of dietary advices stand distinct and it seems to be effective and safe. And by including proper daily dietary rules and regimens in patients of Chronic kidney disease (CKD) it can be very effectively managed. Here Trinpanchmool, Punarnava, Gokshur used in Basti. Basti plays a vital role here in CKD, it helps in expelling out the uremic toxins which originates in gut thereby improving the quality of life and reducing the sign and symptoms of dis-ease.

scholarly journals Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals that Atf3/c-Jun/Lgals3 axis is associated with Central Diabetes Insipidus after Hypothalamic Injury

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingfeng Zhou ◽  
Yichao Ou ◽  
Guangsen Wu ◽  
Kai Li ◽  
Junjie Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Insipidus ◽  
Arginine Vasopressin ◽  
Body Fluid ◽  
Microglial Activation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Transcriptomic Analysis ◽  
Central Diabetes Insipidus ◽  
Electrolyte Imbalance ◽  
Hypothalamic Injury ◽  
Vasopressin Neurons

Background: Hypothalamic injury causes several complicated neuroendocrine-associated disorders, such as water-electrolyte imbalance, obesity, and hypopituitarism. Among these, central diabetes insipidus (CDI), characterized by polyuria, polydipsia, low urine specific gravity, and deficiency of arginine vasopressin contents, is a typical complication after hypothalamic injury. Methods: CDI was induced by hypothalamic pituitary stalk injury in male animals. Behavioral parameters and blood sample were collected to evaluate the characteristics of body fluid metabolism imbalance. The brains were harvested for high-throughput RNA sequencing and immunostaining to identify pathophysiological changes in corresponding hypothalamic nuclei. Results: Based on transcriptomic analysis, we demonstrated the upregulation of the Atf3/c-Jun axis and identified Lgals3, a microglial activation related gene, as the most significant target gene in response to the body fluid imbalance in CDI. Furthermore, we found that the microglia possessed elevated phagocytic ability, which could promote the elimination of arginine vasopressin neurons after hypothalamic injury. Conclusion: Our findings suggested that the Atf3/c-Jun/Lgals3 axis was associated with the microglial activation, and might participate in the loss of functional arginine vasopressin neurons in CDI after hypothalamic injury.

The Mechanism of Proboscis Movement in Arenicola

1954 ◽  
Vol s3-95 (30) ◽  
pp. 251-270
Author(s):  
G. P. WELLS
Keyword(s):  
Body Fluid ◽  
Body Wall ◽  
The Body ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Stage Iii ◽  
Forward Movement ◽  
Arenicola Marina ◽  
Buccal Mass ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Longitudinal Muscles

The mechanism of proboscis movement is analysed in detail in Arenicola marina L. and A. ecaudata Johnston, and discussed in relation to the properties of the hydrostatic skeleton. Proboscis activity is based on the following cycle of movements in both species. Stage I. The circular muscles of the body-wall and buccal mass contract; the head narrows and lengthens. Stage IIa. The circular muscles of the mouth and buccal mass relax; the gular membrane (or ‘first diaphragm’ of previous authors) contracts; the mouth opens and the buccal mass emerges. Stage IIb. The longitudinal muscles of the buccal mass and body-wall contract; the head shortens and widens and the pharynx emerges. Stage III. As Stage I. The two species differ anatomically and in their hydrostatic relationships. In ecaudata, the forward movement of body-fluid which extrudes and distends the proboscis is largely due to the contraction of the gular membrane and septal pouches. In marina, the essential mechanism is the relaxation of the oral region which allows the general coelomic pressure to extrude the proboscis. The gular membrane of marina contracts as that of ecaudata does, but its anatomy is different and it appears to be a degenerating structure as far as proboscis extrusion is concerned. Withdrawal of the proboscis may occur while the head is still shortening and widening in Stage IIb, or while it is lengthening and narrowing in Stage III. The proboscis is used both in feeding and in burrowing; in the latter case nothing enters through the mouth; the difference is largely caused by variation in the timing of withdrawal relative to the 3-stage cycle.

scholarly journals Resistive Switching Memory Devices Based on Body Fluid of Bombyx mori L.

Micromachines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wang ◽  
Wen
Keyword(s):  
Bombyx Mori ◽  
Resistive Switching ◽  
Body Fluid ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fluid Film ◽  
Switching Behavior ◽  
Memory Devices ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Resistive Switching Memory ◽  
Switching Memory

Resistive switching memory devices are strong candidates for next-generation data storage devices. Biological memristors made from renewable natural biomaterials are very promising due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and ecological benignity. In this study, a nonvolatile memristor was fabricated using the body fluid of Bombyx mori as the dielectric layer. The developed Al/Bombyx mori body fluid film/indium tin oxide (ITO) biomemristor exhibited bipolar resistive switching characteristics with a maximum on/off current ratio greater than 104. The device showed a retention time of more than 1 × 104 s without any signs of deterioration, thus proving its good stability and reliability. The resistive switching behavior of the Al/Bombyx mori body fluid film/ITO biological memristor is driven by the formation and breakage of conductive filaments formed by the migration of oxygen ions. This study confirms that Bombyx mori body fluid, a 100% natural, inexpensive, and abundant material, is a potential candidate as a nonvolatile biomemristor material with broad application prospects.

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