ANALYSIS OF THE LONG-TERM MITIGATION SCENARIO IN JAPAN CONSIDERING UNCERTAINTY OF THE LOW-CARBON ENERGY TECHNOLOGY AVAILABILITY

Climate change is a key problem of the 21st century. China, as the largest emitter of greenhouse gases, has committed to stabilize its current emissions and dramatically increase the share of electricity production from non-fossil fuels by 2030. However, this is only a first step: in the longer term, China needs to aggressively strive to reach a goal of zero-emissions. Through detailed discussions of electricity pricing, electric vehicle policies, nuclear energy policies, and renewable energy policies, this book reviews how near-term climate and energy policies can affect long-term decarbonization pathways beyond 2030, building the foundations for decarbonization in advance of its realization. Focusing primarily on the electricity sector in China - the main battleground for decarbonization over the next century – it provides a valuable resource for researchers and policymakers, as well as energy and climate experts.

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Analysis of Potential for Critical Metal Resource Constraints in the International Energy Agency’s Long-Term Low-Carbon Energy Scenarios

Minerals ◽

10.3390/min8040156 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 156 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Takuma Watari ◽

Benjamin McLellan ◽

Seiichi Ogata ◽

Tetsuo Tezuka

Keyword(s):

Resource Constraints ◽

Low Carbon ◽

Critical Metal ◽

Low Carbon Energy

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Time-of-Use Electricity Pricing and Residential Low-carbon Energy Technology Adoption

The Energy Journal ◽

10.5547/01956574.41.2.jlia ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 41 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Jing Liang ◽

Pengfei Liu ◽

Yueming Qiu ◽

Yi David Wang ◽

Bo Xing

Keyword(s):

Technology Adoption ◽

Energy Technology ◽

Low Carbon ◽

Electricity Pricing ◽

Low Carbon Energy

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Assessment of the Decoupling of GHGs and Electricity Costs Through the Development of Low-Carbon Energy Technology in Taiwan

Low Carbon Policy and Development in Taiwan ◽

10.5772/39301 ◽

2012 ◽

Author(s):

Chien-Ming Lee ◽

Heng-Chi Liu

Keyword(s):

Energy Technology ◽

Low Carbon ◽

Electricity Costs ◽

Low Carbon Energy

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Modelling long-term COVID-19 impacts on the U.S. workforce of 2029

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0260797 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (12) ◽

pp. e0260797

Author(s):

Shade T. Shutters

Keyword(s):

Skill Acquisition ◽

Health And Safety ◽

Bachelor's Degree ◽

Low Carbon ◽

Labor Skill ◽

Skill Maintenance ◽

Demand Shifts ◽

Low Carbon Energy ◽

Bureau Of Labor Statistics

While ensuring employment opportunities is critical for global progress and stability, workers are now subject to several disruptive trends, including automation, rapid changes in technology and skill requirements, and transitions to low-carbon energy production. Yet, these trends seem almost insignificant compared to labor impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. While much has been written about the pandemic’s short-term impacts, this study analyzes anticipated long-term impacts on the labor force of 2029 by comparing original 2029 labor projections to special COVID-adjusted projections recently published by the US Bureau of Labor Statistics. Results show that future demand for nearly every type of labor skill and knowledge will increase, while the nature of work shifts from physical to more cognitive activities. Of the nearly three million jobs projected to disappear by 2029 due to COVID, over 91% are among workers without a bachelor’s degree. Among workers with a degree demand shifts primarily from business-related degrees to computer and STEM degrees. Results further show that the socialness of labor, which is important for both innovation and productivity, increases in many more industries than it decreases. Finally, COVID will likely accelerate the adoption of teleworking and slightly decrease the rate of workforce automation. These impacts, combined with a shift to more cognitive worker activities, will likely impact the nature of workforce health and safety with less focus on physical injuries and more on illnesses related to sedentary lifestyles. Overall, results suggest that future workers will need to engage more often in training and skill acquisition, requiring life-long learning and skill maintenance strategies.

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Research on Prediction Model for Durability of Straw Bale Walls in Warm (Humid) Continental Climate—A Case Study in Northeast China

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma13133007 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (13) ◽

pp. 3007 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Xunzhi Yin ◽

Qi Dong ◽

Mike Lawrence ◽

Daniel Maskell ◽

Jiaqi Yu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Low Carbon ◽

Isothermal Model ◽

Hygrothermal Environment ◽

Low Carbon Energy ◽

Straw Bale Walls ◽

The Impact ◽

Straw Bale ◽

Continental Climate

This research analyses straw degradation inside straw bale walls in the region and develops the prediction of degradation inside straw bale walls. The results show that the straw inside straw bale walls have no serious concerns of degradation in the high hygrothermal environment in the region with only moderate concerns of degradation in the area 2–3 cm deep behind the lime render. The onsite investigations indicate that the degradation isopleth model can only predict straw conditions behind the rendering layer, whereas the isothermal model fits the complete situation inside straw bale walls. This research develops the models for predicting straw degradation levels inside a straw bale building in a warm (humid) continental climate. The impact of this research will help the growth of low carbon energy efficient straw bale construction with confidence pertaining to its long-term durability characteristics both in the region and regions sharing similar climatic features globally.

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Exploring the Impact of a District Sharing Strategy on Application Capacity and Carbon Emissions for Heating and Cooling with GSHP Systems

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app10165543 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (16) ◽

pp. 5543

Author(s):

Yi Zhang ◽

He Qi ◽

Yu Zhou ◽

Zhonghua Zhang ◽

Xi Wang

Keyword(s):

Carbon Emissions ◽

Urban Areas ◽

District Heating ◽

Low Carbon ◽

Heating And Cooling ◽

Ground Source ◽

Sharing Strategy ◽

Low Carbon Energy ◽

The Impact

To meet long-term climate change targets, the way that heating and cooling are generated and distributed has to be changed to achieve a supply of affordable, secure and low-carbon energy for all buildings and infrastructures. Among the possible renewable sources of energy, ground source heat pump (GSHP) systems can be an effective low-carbon solution that is compatible with district heating and cooling in urban areas. There are no location restrictions for this technology, and underground energy sources are stable for long-term use. According to a previous study, buildings in urban areas have demonstrated significant spatial heterogeneity in terms of their capacity to demand (C/D) ratio under the application of GSHP due to variations in heating demand and available space. If a spatial sharing strategy can be developed to allow the surplus geothermal capacity to be shared with neighbors, the heating and cooling demands of a greater number of buildings in an area can be satisfied, thus achieving a city with lower carbon emissions. In this study, a GSHP district system model was developed with a specific embedding sharing strategy for the application of GSHP. Two sharing strategies were proposed in this study: (i) Strategy 1 involved individual systems with borehole sharing, and (ii) Strategy 2 was a central district system. Three districts in London were selected to compare the performance of the developed models on the C/D ratio, required borehole number and carbon emissions. According to the comparison analysis, both strategies were able to enhance the GSHP application capacity and increase the savings of carbon emissions. However, the improvement levels were shown to be different. A greater number of building types and a higher variety in building types with larger differentiation in heating and cooling demands can contribute to a better district sharing performance. In addition, it was found that these two sharing strategies were applicable to different kinds of districts.

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Game Behavior Analysis of Social Proportion on Low Carbon Energy Technology Innovation Risk

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.807-809.892 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 807-809 ◽

pp. 892-896 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Shi Zhao ◽

Ke Fan Xie

Keyword(s):

Technological Innovation ◽

Global Economy ◽

Technology Innovation ◽

Evolutionary Game ◽

Decisive Role ◽

Social Risk ◽

Energy Technology ◽

Low Carbon ◽

The Government ◽

Low Carbon Energy

With the prominence of energy crisis and environmental pollution problem, low carbon energy technology innovation is becoming the key of global economy sustainable development. But, for the particularity of technology, the low carbon energy technology innovation has enormous risk. Therefore proportion of low carbon energy technology innovation risk through social channels slowly becomes the crux to promoting the development of low carbon energy technology innovation. As the core subjects in risk proportion of technological innovation, enterprises and social risk-sharing organizations all start to select and adjust their strategy in exploration and trial and error and to seek equilibrium point of interest, thus form a dynamic game process. In this paper, the premise of bounded rationality assumptions of evolutionary game theory has been used as an analytical tool to construct evolutionary game model of social proportion of technological innovation risk, and thus to the stability analysis for both the main strategy of evolution. Results of the evolutionary game analysis show that the participation of a third promoting force play a decisive role in the operation and development of social proportion system of technological innovation risk, thus this paper raised conceptions and recommendations for the government that they should take part in the risk prevention system of low carbon energy technology innovation as a conductor and coordinator.

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Analysis of Issues and Measures on Low Carbon Development in Power Industry

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.573-574.1001 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 573-574 ◽

pp. 1001-1004

Author(s):

Dong Xiao Niu ◽

Hong Juan Li ◽

Hong Yun Zhang ◽

Guan Qing Wang

Keyword(s):

Power Industry ◽

International Exchange ◽

Energy Structure ◽

Energy Technology ◽

Low Carbon ◽

Carbon Taxes ◽

New Energy ◽

Low Carbon Development ◽

Western Electric ◽

Low Carbon Energy

The deterioration of the environment is much more serious, which leads to low carbon development of power industry overwhelming, this paper summarizes and analyzes the problems of low carbon development in China’s electricity industry, including the higher cost of low carbon energy construction, unreasonable energy structure, backward level of technology , difficulties of new energy paralleling in power grid; On the other hand, points out some measures towards low carbon development, including determining the price policies of renewable energy, levying carbon taxes and government subsidies, strengthening the construction of western electric facilities, optimizing the power structure, developing new energy technology, applying intelligent grid as well as promoting the international exchange and cooperation. We hope that the analysis can give certain reference for the low carbon development of China’s power industry.

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