Fourteen percent mortality rate in catheter-drainage series: setting the record straight.

1999 ◽  
Vol 172 (1) ◽  
pp. 241-242
Author(s):  
R E Lambiase ◽  
J J Cronan
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Catheter Drainage ◽  
Percent Mortality

scholarly journals Evaluation of two native entomopathogenic nematodes against Odontotermes obesus (Rambur) (Isoptera: Termitidae) and Agrotis ipsilon (Hufnagel) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Sindhura Bhairavi ◽  
Badal Bhattacharyya ◽  
Gitanjali Devi ◽  
Sudhansu Bhagawati ◽  
Partha Pratim Gyanudoy Das ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematodes ◽  
Heterorhabditis Bacteriophora ◽  
Agrotis Ipsilon ◽  
Biological Control Agents ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Odontotermes Obesus ◽  
Percent Mortality ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Abstract Background Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) are one of the widely studied biological control agents. The present study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of two EPNs species, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (Poinar) (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae) and Steinernema aciari (Qui, Yan, Zhou, Nguyen and Pang) (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae), isolated locally from soils of Majuli river island, Assam, India against two important subterrenean pests; Odontotermes obesus (Rambur) (Isoptera: Termitidae) and Agrotis ipsilon (Hufnagel) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) under laboratory conditions. Results In case of O. obesus, mortality percent was recorded by H. bacteriophora after 72 h. at 300 IJs/termite and by S. aciari at 250 and 300 IJs/termite after 96 h. The lowest LD50 and LT50 values obtained for H. bacteriophora were 13.054 IJs/termite and 26.639 h., respectively, while those of S. aciari were 42.040 IJs/termite and 31.761 h., respectively. With respect to A. ipsilon, H. bacteriophora registered a highest mortality rate at 300 IJs/larvae after 144 h. S. aciari showed 100 percent mortality at 300 IJs/larva after 168 h. The lowest values of LD50 and LT50 for H. bacteriophora were 35.711 IJs/larva and 83.050 h., respectively. The lowest values of LD50 and LT50 for S. aciari were 71.192 IJs/larvae and 97.921 h., respectively. Overall, H. bacteriophora displayed more virulence toward O. obesus and A. ipsilon than S. aciari. Conclusion Both native EPNs were found effective against O. obesus and A. ipsilon. However, H. bacteriophora was more virulent toward O. obesus and A. ipsilon than S. aciari under the laboratory conditions.

scholarly journals Control of a Serpentine Leafminer on Chrysanthemum Under Greenhouse Conditions, Winter, 1995

1996 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 355-355
Author(s):  
R. A. Redak ◽  
J. A. Bethke
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
High Mortality ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Rooted Cuttings ◽  
Environmental Chamber ◽  
Percent Mortality ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Serpentine Leafminer ◽  
Spray Applications

Abstract Chrysanthemums were obtained as rooted cuttings and potted in 15 cm pots in a greenhouse at UCR and allowed 4 wk growth (20-25 cm tall) before use. During week four, Marathon 1G was applied as a soil treatment and drenched into the soil with approximately 250 ml of water. One week later, plants were assigned to treatments prior to leafminer exposure. All plants (six replicates per treatment) were exposed to an existing leafminer colony for 2 h. Pre-treatment counts and remaining spray applications were made four days after leafminer exposure. Spray applications were made using a hand sprayer at 30-40 psi. When the plants were dry, they were tipped over trays filled with sand. Pupae dropped into the trays and the sand was sifted to collect them. Pupae were held in an environmental chamber until all adults had emerged (12 days). Post-treatment counts were then made of the number of pupae and emerging adults. Data were expressed as a mean percent mortality from the pre-treatment count and analyzed using ANOVA. One replicate of the control had an unusually high mortality rate. This replicate was removed as an outlier prior to analysis (Sokal and Rohlf 1981, Dixon 1950).

scholarly journals A new trend in operative technique for intracerebral hemorrhage: a comparative study of stereotactic endoscopic removal and stereotactic catheter drainage

1996 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. E5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myung-Hyun Kim ◽  
Jun-Hyeok Song ◽  
Sung-Hak Kim ◽  
Dong-Bin Park ◽  
Kyu-Man Shin
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Endoscopic Removal ◽  
Catheter Drainage ◽  
Side Window ◽  
Undesirable Event ◽  
Silicone Catheter ◽  
Level Of Consciousness ◽  
Rebleeding Rate ◽  
Burr Holes

The development of less invasive methods to evacuate intracerebral hematomas (ICHs) has improved outcome in patients with traumatic brain injury. Eighteen patients with ICHs underwent surgery via one of two methods: stereotactic endoscopic removal (SER) or stereotactic catheter drainage (SCD). The outcome results were then compared. The patient population was composed of 11 men and seven women with a mean age of 53.3 years (range 33-81 years), all suffering from ICH in the basal ganglia. The mean hematoma volume was 34.4 ml (range 23-105 ml). All patients had major neurological deficits, but showed no sign of transtentorial herniation. Ten patients underwent SCD and eight had SER. All procedures were performed within 24 hours of insult. After local anesthesia was induced in the patient, an intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring catheter and an Otzuki cannula were placed through separate burr holes in the skull. Using the SER technique, the ICH was removed using suction and forceps through the side window of the cannula until the ICP had decreased significantly. Hemostasis was attained by lesioning with a Nd-YAG laser. In the SCD procedure, we placed a silicone catheter into the hematoma to drain it and then added urokinase. The hematoma was drained for 3 to 5 days in the SER method and 7 to 10 days in the SCD method. Rebleeding occurred in one of the early cases in which we used the SER procedure. At follow-up evaluation, the mortality rate was 13% in the SER group and 10% in the SCD group. The patients in whom outcome was most improved from these treatments were those who had been admitted with an impaired level of consciousness. Stereotactic catheter drainage is a precise, safe, and brief procedure with a very low rebleeding rate, but its outcome effect was more delayed than other procedures. Stereotactic endoscopic removal can easily replace SCD, with a similar mortality rate. Both procedures can be accomplished under direct visualization so as to eliminate any undesirable event or outcome.

Rates of Mortality, Growth, and Biomass Production of Lymnaea palustris During Chronic Exposure to Lead

1978 ◽  
Vol 35 (8) ◽  
pp. 1109-1115 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Borgmann ◽  
O. Kramar ◽  
C. Loveridge
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Lead Concentration ◽  
Lead Toxicity ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Freshwater Snail ◽  
Rate Function ◽  
Lead Uptake ◽  
Percent Mortality

Lymnaea palustris, a freshwater snail, was exposed to lead in a continuous-flow system from newly laid eggs until reproductive maturity. Lead, at concentrations as low as 19 μg∙L−1, caused a significant increase in the mortality rate, although the growth rate was not affected. The lead-induced mortality was proportional to the lead concentration raised to the exponent 2.5. The analysis of mortality as a rate function was found superior to the use of the more conventional LC50 (concentration resulting in 50% mortality). A plot of the logarithm of the lead-induced mortality against log lead concentration is linear and has the same slope as plots of double logarithms of the inverse survival at any one time versus log lead concentration or log time versus log LC50 or log LT50 (time to 50% mortality) versus log lead concentration. The mortality rate, unlike the percent mortality, is independent of time and can be combined directly with the growth rate to estimate the biomass production rate. A 50% drop in the rate of biomass production was observed at 36 μg∙L−1 and a drop to 0 production at 48 μg∙L−1. Lead uptake in whole snails was found to be proportional to the lead concentration in the water, giving a concentration factor of 8500 on a dry weight basis. Key words: snails, lead, toxicity, biomass production, bioaccumulation

scholarly journals Pathogenicity of some entomopathogenic fungal strains to green peach aphid, Myzus persicae Sulzer (Homoptera: Aphididae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khadija Javed ◽  
Humayun Javed ◽  
Tariq Mukhtar ◽  
Dewen Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Direct Relationship ◽  
Green Peach Aphid ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Fungal Strains ◽  
Lecanicillium Lecanii ◽  
Percent Mortality ◽  
Application Methods ◽  
Overall Mortality

AbstractPathogenicity of four fungal strains, two of Beauveria bassiana (designated as BB-72 and BB-252), and two of Lecanicillium lecanii (designated as V-4 and CS-625) to green peach aphid, Myzus persicae Sulzer (Homoptera: Aphididae) was assessed. All treatments showed highly significant effects on the mortality of the aphid when applied as filtrate or conidia. The application methods did not have a significant effect on the mortality rate. The overall mortalities caused by both applications were statistically similar. The maximum overall mortality was caused by BB-72, followed by CS-625 in both application methods. On the other hand, (V-4) caused the minimum mortality rate, followed by (BB-252), which was statistically similar to those caused by V-4. The time also had significant effects on aphid mortality rates. The mortality was the minimum after 3 days reaching its maximum after 10 days. As the number of days increased, there was a corresponding increase in the mortality showing a direct relationship between mortality and time. The maximum mean individual mortality of 95% was caused by CS-625, followed by BB-72 (92%) after 10 days with the conidial application. Similarly, the combined effects of the three most virulent fungal strains showed highly significant differences on the mortality of peach aphid. The combination BB-72 + BB-252 showed the highest percent mortality, followed by BB-72 + BB-252 + CS-625. The combinations BB-72 + CS-625 and BB-252 + CS-625 had statistically similar effects of causing aphid mortality.

scholarly journals Cemented Bipolar Hemiarthroplasty for Fracture Neck of Femur and Unstable Intertrochanteric Fractures - Prospective and Retrospective Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 263-266
Author(s):  
P. Sharajdeen
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Bipolar Hemiarthroplasty ◽  
Neck Of Femur ◽  
Percent Mortality ◽  
Major Discrepancy ◽  
Minor Injuries ◽  
Cemented Bipolar Hemiarthroplasty ◽  
Better Than

Hip fractures in elderly patients are becoming a major social problem from various perspectives, including the progressive aging of global societies. The elderly have a high risk of hip fracture, even with minor injuries because of osteoporosis, while early surgical treatment may be difficult due to comorbidities and medication. In this study, significant risk factors were identified. Patients over age 70 had three times the mortality of younger patients. Greater than three pre-existing medical conditions is associated with a 25 percent mortality rate, more than twice that of healthier patients. Surgery performed on the first day of admission and beyond the fifth day was associated with a 34 percent mortality rate. Those patients operated in during days 2 through 5 had a 5.8 percent mortality rate. There was no failures related to inadequate stem or mechanical loosening. The tendency to dislocation can be clinically identifiable by major discrepancy in length, there was no failures related to inadequate stem or mechanical loosening. The tendency to dislocation can be clinically identifiable by major discrepancy in length and only 1 patient had shortening of about 2 cms post operatively which was slightly better than that of James et al (11%).

scholarly journals Insecticidal Activity of Ageratum conyzoides (Asteraceae) Aqueous Extracts against the Grasshopper Zonocerus variegatus (Orthoptera: Pyrgomorphidae)

2020 ◽  
pp. 29-36
Author(s):  
Dongmo Tonleu Ingrid ◽  
Seino Richard Akwanjoh ◽  
Manjeli Yacouba
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Insecticidal Activity ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Zonocerus Variegatus ◽  
Ageratum Conyzoides ◽  
Treatment Results ◽  
Male Mortality ◽  
Percent Mortality

Ageratum conyzoides (Asteraceae) is an annual plant with insecticidal activity against some insect pests. The present study was designed to evaluate the insecticidal activity of aqueous extracts (infusion and maceration) of A. conyzoides against the pest grasshopper Zonocerus variegatus (Orthoptera, Pyrgomorphidae). Concentrations of 0, 10, 30, 100 & 300 µg/ml were prepared and administrated through injection to grasshoppers. Mortality rate was recorded for adult grasshoppers each day until the 9th day of treatment. Results revealed a significant increase (p < 0.05) of mortality rate with increasing concentrations of the two plant extracts. Plant extracts at 300 µg/ml induced 100.00 ± 0.00 percent mortality of adults Z. variegatus after 4 and 5 days for A. conyzoides infusion and maceration respectively. No mortality was registered after treatment with 0 & 10 µg/ml of the two plant extracts. Male mortality rate tended to be higher than that of female at the same concentration. Also, infusion tended to significantly increase (p < 0.05) mortality rate than maceration at the same concentration. Phytochemicals screening have shown that the presence of saponins, tannins, triterpenoids and alkaloids in the A. conyzoides aqueous extracts may be responsible for the insecticidal activity of this plant. These phytochemicals may therefore be exploited and serve as suitable alternatives to synthetic insecticides against the grasshopper Z. variegatus.

Surgical and endovascular hybrid approach in peripheral arterial disease of the lower limbs

VASA ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 417-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anouk Grandjean ◽  
Katia Iglesias ◽  
Céline Dubuis ◽  
Sébastien Déglise ◽  
Jean-Marc Corpataux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Peripheral Arterial Disease ◽  
Limb Salvage ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Arterial Disease ◽  
Early Mortality ◽  
Secondary Patency ◽  
Limb Salvage Rate ◽  
Peripheral Arterial ◽  
Salvage Rate

Abstract. Background: Multilevel peripheral arterial disease is frequently observed in patients with intermittent claudication or critical limb ischemia. This report evaluates the efficacy of one-stage hybrid revascularization in patients with multilevel arterial peripheral disease. Patients and methods: A retrospective analysis of a prospective database included all consecutive patients treated by a hybrid approach for a multilevel arterial peripheral disease. The primary outcome was the patency rate at 6 months and 1 year. Secondary outcomes were early and midterm complication rate, limb salvage and mortality rate. Statistical analysis, including a Kaplan-Meier estimate and univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were carried out with the primary, primary assisted and secondary patency, comparing the impact of various risk factors in pre- and post-operative treatments. Results: 64 patients were included in the study, with a mean follow-up time of 428 days (range: 4 − 1140). The technical success rate was 100 %. The primary, primary assisted and secondary patency rates at 1 year were 39 %, 66 % and 81 %, respectively. The limb-salvage rate was 94 %. The early mortality rate was 3.1 %. Early and midterm complication rates were 15.4 % and 6.4 %, respectively. The early mortality rate was 3.1 %. Conclusions: The hybrid approach is a major alternative in the treatment of peripheral arterial disease in multilevel disease and comorbid patients, with low complication and mortality rates and a high limb-salvage rate.

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