The impact of vitamin D deficiency on maternal outcomes in pregnancy

Results show vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy improves maternal and infant 25(OH)D concentrations and may play a role in maternal insulin resistance and fetal growth. Literature search was performed using PubMed Database of the National Library of Medicine, with date limits from January 2015 to November 2020. We used the keywords: Vitamin D, pregnancy, vitamin D supplementation, hypovitaminosis D, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, preterm birth, and other related terms. The studies of interest included original papers and review articles on the influence of vitamin D deficiency in pregnancy and the impact of vitamin D supplementation on the maternal outcomes. The published Cochrane review on vitamin D supplementation studies reported that women who receive vitamin D supplementation had lower risk of preeclampsia but with only borderline significance (RR 0.52, CI 0.25–1.05), whereas combined vitamin D and calcium supplementation significantly reduces the risk of preeclampsia. The overall level of evidence is high for vitamin D supplementation playing no role in the prevention of gestational diabetes. Although analysis of the recent observational studies suggests that vitamin D deficiency can increase the risk of C section, there is a need for investigators to conduct RCT to study the impact of vitamin D supplementation on C-section rates. Maternal vitamin D status closest to the delivery was most significantly associated with preterm birth, thereby proposing that later intervention could be used as a rescue treatment to decrease the risk of preterm deliveries. Though the level of evidence is moderate, our analysis shows no significant association between vitamin D and preterm deliveries. Many studies have been designed to investigate an association between postpartum depression and vitamin D. To determine the benefits of vitamin D supplementation in pregnancy would require further evaluation through large, multicenter double-blind randomized controlled clinical trials, with a focus on specific adverse pregnancy outcomes.

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Effect of High-Dose Vitamin D Supplementation on Compensation for Vitamin D Deficiency in Pregnancy and Incidence of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Middle East Journal of Rehabilitation and Health ◽

10.5812/mejrh.99723 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Nahid Rahbar ◽

Masoumeh Rajabi ◽

Saman Ghods ◽

Majid Mirmohammadkhani

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Clinical Trial ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Vitamin D Supplementation ◽

High Dose ◽

High Dose Vitamin ◽

In Pregnancy

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Hypovitaminosis D in pregnancy and its correlation with preeclampsia and gestational diabetes mellitus

International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20170551 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 890 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ankita Kumari ◽

Shaila Mitra ◽

Harish C Tiwari ◽

Reena Srivastav

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Serum Vitamin ◽

Hypovitaminosis D ◽

Health Concern ◽

Control Group ◽

The Impact

Background: Hypovitaminosis D has been associated with a number of adverse pregnancy outcomes, and has been recognised as a public health concern. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of Vitamin D deficiency on maternal complications like gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and preeclampsia (PE) among pregnant women.Methods: This was a case control study undertaken at antenatal clinics and indoor of BRD Medical College, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India. Two maternal blood samples, one at <20 weeks and other at term along with cord blood at delivery were taken. Patients were classified into preeclampsia (n=60), gestational diabetes mellitus (n=35) and control group (n=180) after abstracting past medical records at delivery. Vitamin D was estimated by 25- Hydroxyvitamin D125 RIA kit and categorized according to ACOG criteria. Statistical analysis was done by using chi square test, binary logistic regression and Pearson’s correlation coefficient to compare between two variables. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: Out of 275 women included in the study, 78% of women were Vitamin D deficient. Mean serum vitamin D was significantly lower among preeclamptic women 11.53±6.22 ng/ml and GDM women 12.62±6.69 ng/ml as compared to controls 24.25±14.44 ng/ml (median=18.2 ng/ml) (P<0.05). Vitamin D deficiency was significantly higher in pregnant women GDM (94.28% vs 68.3%) and preeclampsia (96.67% vs 68.3%) when compared to uncomplicated group.Conclusions: Maternal vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent in early pregnancy and is significantly associated with elevated risk for GDM and preeclampsia.

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Influence of Supplementary Vitamin D on the Prognostic Pathway of Type1 Diabetes Among Children

Biomedical & Pharmacology Journal ◽

10.13005/bpj/2126 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 303-309

Author(s):

Mostafa Hassan Ragab ◽

Eman Monir Sherif ◽

Nadia Badawy Abd- El Gawad ◽

Safaa Mohamed Elserougy ◽

Eman Essam Shaban ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Serum Vitamin ◽

Vitamin D Supplementation ◽

Oral Vitamin ◽

Intake Assessment ◽

Serum Vitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Levels ◽

Egyptian Children ◽

The Impact

Diabetes is one of the commonest chronic diseases worldwide. Vitamin D deficiency showed to be increasing, and have a potential role in autoimmune diseases among which in type 1 diabetes. The aim The aim of the study was to assess the impact of oral vitamin D supplementation on blood glucose (HbA1C) in T1DM patients and to find out the role of vitamin D as a biomarker for follow of T1DM patients compared to HbA1C. Subjects and methods: A randomized interventional clinical study was designed. The study enrolled 60 children patients with T1DM. Only 45 children continued to the end of study. Initial (pre-intake) assessment included history taking, clinical examination, and measurement of serum 25-OH vitamin D3 and serum HbA1C. These children received oral vitamin D supplements for 3 months then post-intake assessment were done again. Results: The study showed that serum vitamin D was deficient among Egyptian children and adolescents with T1DM (mean 11.4±3.4 ng/ml). , 53.33% of the patients had vitamin D deficiency with a 35.6% had insufficiency and 11.11% were VD sufficient. Patients received oral vitamin D supplementation for 3 months after which marked improvement in the levels of serum vitamin D levels and HA1C, 87.5% and 86.5% respectively.

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Nutritional Supplementation of Naturally Occurring Vitamin D to Improve Hemorrhagic Stroke Outcomes

Frontiers in Neurology ◽

10.3389/fneur.2021.670245 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Rani Ashouri ◽

Madison Fangman ◽

Jordan Brielmaier ◽

Zoe A. Fields ◽

Natalie Campo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽

Delayed Cerebral Ischemia ◽

Vitamin D Supplementation ◽

Dietary Vitamin ◽

Stroke Incidence ◽

Stroke Outcomes ◽

Increased Risk ◽

The Impact

Vitamin D deficiency, if left untreated, is associated with bone disorders, cardiovascular damage, and an increased risk of ischemic stroke. While there are various nutritional options for the natural intake of vitamin D, we hope to elucidate the potential mechanisms dietary vitamin D may play in hemorrhagic stroke pathology. This scoping review outlines findings from studies relevant to the biochemical activity of vitamin D, the impact of vitamin D deficiency on hemorrhagic stroke outcomes, and the potential benefit of nutritional vitamin D on hemorrhagic stroke outcomes. Here, we analyze the relevant factors that can lead to vitamin D deficiency, and subsequently, a higher risk of hemorrhagic stroke incidence with worsened subsequent outcomes. The neuroprotective mechanisms through which vitamin D works to attenuate hemorrhagic stroke onset and post-stroke outcomes have not yet been thoroughly examined. However, researchers have proposed several potential protective mechanisms, including reduction of blood brain barrier disturbance by inhibiting the production of reactive oxygen species, mitigation of inflammation through a reduction of levels of proinflammatory cytokines, and prevention of cerebral vasospasm and delayed cerebral ischemia following subarachnoid hemorrhage and intracerebral hemorrhage. While more research is needed and there are limitations to vitamin D supplementation, vitamin D as a whole may play a significant role in the dynamics of hemorrhagic stroke. Further research should focus on expanding our understanding of the neuroprotective capacity and mechanisms of vitamin D, as well as how vitamin D supplementation could serve as an effective course of treatment of hemorrhagic strokes.

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Impact of vitamin D supplementation on health-care use in a 25-hydroxyvitamin D-tested population in France: a population-based descriptive cohort study

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s136898001400038x ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

pp. 554-561 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Pascal Caillet ◽

Susan B Jaglal ◽

Laurent Laforest ◽

Roland Chapurlat ◽

Muriel Rabilloud ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Muscle Relaxant ◽

Vitamin D Supplementation ◽

Insurance Fund ◽

Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

The Impact ◽

Health Care Claims

AbstractObjectiveChronic vitamin D deficiency has been associated in some patients with diffuse musculoskeletal pain. These unspecific symptoms may partly explain why vitamin D deficiency is often diagnosed late. Our aim was to analyse health-care claims after vitamin D supplementation in patients likely to have vitamin D deficiency.DesignAmbulatory health-care claims were compared before and after a vitamin D supplementation prescribed following a 25-hydroxyvitamin D assay.SettingHealth Insurance Fund (FHIF) database of the Rhône-Alpes area, France.SubjectsAmong patients reimbursed for a 25-hydroxyvitamin D assay between 1 December 2008 and 31 January 2009, those supplemented with vitamin D after the assay were matched on the date of assay to patients who did not receive vitamin D.ResultsAmong the 3023 patients who had a 25-hydroxyvitamin D assay, 935 were consequently supplemented and matched to 935 patients not supplemented. Their median age was 50·0 and 49·5 years, respectively. Patients supplemented decreased their muscle relaxant consumption whereas no change was observed in the reference group, the difference between the two groups was significant (P=0·03). Second and third Pain Relief Ladder prescriptions decreased in both groups but not significantly differently between groups (P=0·58). There was a decrease in prescriptions of biological examination in both groups with no significant difference.ConclusionsBesides a decrease in muscle relaxant prescriptions in the supplemented group, it was difficult to assess the impact of vitamin D supplementation in patients likely to have vitamin D deficiency. Prospective cohort studies and randomized trials are needed to assess the efficiency of screening and supplementing vitamin D deficiency.

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Maternal and Pediatric Health Outcomes in relation to Gestational Vitamin D Sufficiency

Obstetrics and Gynecology International ◽

10.1155/2015/501829 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Stephen J. Genuis

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Preterm Birth ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Health Outcomes ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Later Life ◽

Fetal Origins ◽

Potential Health ◽

Effective Measure ◽

Recent Emergence

Juxtaposed with monumental improvement in maternal-fetal outcomes over the last century, there has been the recent emergence of rising rates of gestational complications including preterm birth, operative delivery, and gestational diabetes. At the same time, there has been a burgeoning problem with widespread vitamin D deficiency among populations of many developed nations. This paper provides a brief review of potential health outcomes recently linked to gestational vitamin D deficiency, including preterm birth, cesarean delivery, and gestational diabetes. Although immediate costs for obstetric complications related to gestational vitamin D insufficiency may be modest, the short- and long-term costs for pediatric healthcare resulting from such gestational complications may be enormous and present an enduring burden on healthcare systems. With increasing evidence pointing to fetal origins of some later life disease, securing vitamin D sufficiency in pregnancy appears to be a simple, safe, and cost-effective measure that can be incorporated into routine preconception and prenatal care in the offices of primary care clinicians. Education on gestational nutritional requirements should be a fundamental part of medical education and residency training, instruction that has been sorely lacking to date.

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Vitamin D and maternal-fetal implications

Romanian Journal of Medical Practice ◽

10.37897/rjmp.2016.2.9 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 151-154

Author(s):

Nicoleta DUMITRU ◽

◽

Andra BURUIANĂ ◽

Eugenia PETROVA ◽

Maria OLARU ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Tooth Enamel ◽

Skeletal Development ◽

Vitamin D Supplementation ◽

Maternal Complications ◽

Balanced Diet ◽

Increased Risk ◽

In Pregnancy

Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin and a presteroid hormone synthesized in the dermis under UVB rays. In terms of its endocrine functions, it has an important role in mineral homeostasis. Besides these effects, recent studies have found a series of non-calciotropic actions of vitamin D: modulation of autoimmune processes, promoting secretion and insulin action, pulmonary development, inhibition of malignant cells proliferation in various cancers, implications in maternal-fetal pathology. Recent studies have identified the association of vitamin D deficiency in pregnancy with a series of maternal complications (preeclampsia, bacterial vaginosis, gestational diabetes, increased risk of cesarean delivery) and fetal complications (affecting skeletal development and tooth enamel, impaired fetal growth). Also, newborns from mothers with vitamin D deficiency have an increased risk of tetany, hypocalcemia, with or without seizures and an increased susceptibility to respiratory diseases (asthma, bronchiolitis RSV). Conclusions: There is no current consensus on routine screening of vitamin D deficiency in pregnancy, nor the required dosage for vitamin D supplementation in pregnant women. All pregnant women should have a balanced diet and get vitamin D as part of prenatal vitamins. Their purpose is to increase the availability of calcidiol to the fetus and newborn with a beneficial role over the classic effects of vitamin D and possibly over the non-calciotropic ones.

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Importance of vitamin D supplementation in pregnancy-review

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20191429 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 1820

Author(s):

Sabira Aalia Dkhar ◽

Ambrine Ashraf ◽

Muzamil Hassan

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Lung Function ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Passive Transfer ◽

Vitamin D Supplementation ◽

Adverse Outcomes ◽

Impaired Lung Function ◽

In Pregnancy

Pregnancy is a state that leads to several deficiency and increased demand of essential nutrients for the growing foetus. In one such case it is seen that vitamin D deficiency can lead to severe outcome in the new-born as well as the mother. Vitamin D travels to the foetus by passive transfer and the foetus is entirely dependent on maternal stores. Therefore it becomes all the more essential to know your vitamin D level during antenatal period to prevent adverse outcomes. Vitamin D supplementation helps in preventing the outcomes like rickets, low birth weight, bone and dental deformity in foetus, decreased immunity and impaired lung function in children, whereas also helping in decreased incidence of primary caesarean sections, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus in mother. The recommended dose has been described up to 2000IU/day as a supplementation and not therapeutic dose, which is found to be safe and effective.

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