RICE HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION I YOGYAKARTA SPECIAL REGION

This study aims to 1) determine factors that influenced the level of household consumption of rice 2) determinwe the elasticity of demand for rice at the household level, and 3) determine differnes of household rice consumption in rural and urban areas. This study used National Socio-Economic Survey (SUSENAS) data at household level from Central Bureau of Statistic (BPS) in 2011 for Yogyakarta Special Region. About 173 households out of 3200 households in rural and urban areas were chsen as sample in this research. The first and second objectives were analyzed by using OLS method, while the third objective was analyzed by using t-test. The result showed that households rice consumption was influenced by the prices of rice, sweet potato, instant noodles, beef, tempe, number of members, income, and location of residence. Household consumption of rice in Yogyakarta was positively influenced by the price of instant noodles and the number of household members, but it was negatively affected by the rpice of rice, beef prices, and income. There was a difference between rice consumption in urban and rural areas. Based on the concept of price elasticity, it was known that households rice consumption was inelastic, instant noodles is substitute of rice and beef was complementing rice. The average household rice consumption in rural areas was higher than that of urban households.

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ANALISIS KONSUMSI PANGAN TINGKAT RUMAH TANGGA DI PROPINSI LAMPUNG

Agro Ekonomi ◽

10.22146/agroekonomi.17108 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Meliyanah Meliyanah ◽

Suhatmini Hardyastuti ◽

Djuwari Djuwari

Keyword(s):

Low Income ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Household Consumption ◽

Income Level ◽

High Income ◽

Middle Income ◽

Household Level ◽

Rural And Urban Areas ◽

Rural And Urban

This research diamed to: 1) knowing the selft-price elasticity, cross-price elasticity and income elasticity of consumption per food item on household level according to location and income level; and 2) knowing the reation between level of income and food consumption on household level according to location and income level.This research used data from SUSENAS of Lmapung Province in 2002 with number of sample of 2091 household, which being differed between rural and urban areas based on low, middle, and high level of income. The data analysis used tobit model and sensored regression.The result showed that: 1) the demand of rice and beeh for household consumption in every level of income in rural and urban areas were inelastic; 2) Coen only been consumed by low income level household in rural areas and the demand was inelastic; 3) the demand of cassava for household consumption on low income level in urban area was elastic, While in middle income level, high income level and every level of income in rural area, cassava demand was inelastic. Cassava was considered as inferior goods; 4) The demand of fish for household consumption an every level of income in rural and urban areas was elastic. Household in rural area on every level of income and in urban areas on middle and high income level consider fish as a main necessity. While on low income level household in urban areas, it was considered as classy/exclusive good; 5) the demand of chicken; for household in rural areas on middle and high income level was inelastic. When in rural low income level and urban middle and high income level, was inelastic chicken meat was considend as classy/exclusive good the rural low income level household; 6) egg demand for household consumption in rural areas on every level of income was inelastic, while in urban area it was elastic for every level income; 7) the rural and urban household on every level of income considered rice as the stpale food; 8) Household in rural and urban areas on middle and high level of income considered beef as main necessity; 9) On household with middle income level in rural areas, egg was considere as inferior good; while an low income level in urban areas, egg was considere as expensive good.

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ANALISIS KONSUMSI BERAS PADATINGKAT RUMAH TANGGA DI PROPINSI DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA

Agro Ekonomi ◽

10.22146/agroekonomi.16734 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 50

Author(s):

Cristovao R ◽

Slamet Hartono ◽

Jangkung Handoyo Mulyo

Keyword(s):

Low Income ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Income Elasticity ◽

Income Level ◽

Middle Income ◽

Household Level ◽

Rural And Urban Areas ◽

Rural And Urban ◽

Rice Consumption

The objectives of the study were (1) to determine thefactors influencing rice consumption in urban and rural areas of Yogyakarta Special Province and (2) to determine the own price, cross price and income elasticity of rice consumption at different income levels in rural and urban areas. National Socio-Economic Survey (SUSENAS) data of 2005 Yogyakarta Special Province on rice consumption was used Totalrespondents 1990 households. Regression model used in the analysis was OLS. The result showed that thefactors that influence the consumption of rice are the price of the rice itself, price of the related household goods, income level, education of the mother, number offamily members, and location. Thefactors that individually influence rice consumption vary by kinds of rice, location, and income level. Therefore, the demand of rice in DIY is inelastic, the change of price did not significantly influence rice demand. Generally, rice is normal good at low income household level in the rural and urban areas andfor middle income in the rural, and in middle income and high income in the urban, rice is a inferior good. In other side, rice is Substituted for cassava and sweet potato. Rice is complementary for catfish, fermented soybean cake, cassava, egg, and tofu.Keywords: rice consumption, elasticity, substitution, complementary.

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Relating Household Consumption Expenditures to Road Traffic Fatalities: A Rural–Urban Study

Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research Board ◽

10.1177/03611981211033281 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 036119812110332

Author(s):

Ruchika Agarwala ◽

Vinod Vasudevan

Keyword(s):

Developing Countries ◽

Traffic Safety ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Household Consumption ◽

Household Expenditure ◽

Traffic Fatality ◽

Rural And Urban Areas ◽

Rural And Urban ◽

The Relationship

Research shows that traffic fatality risk is generally higher in rural areas than in urban areas. In developing countries, vehicle ownership and investments in public transportation typically increase with economic growth. These two factors together increase the vehicle population, which in turn affects traffic safety. This paper presents a study focused on the relationship of various factors—including household consumption expenditure data—with traffic fatality in rural and urban areas and thereby aims to fill some of the gaps in the literature. One such gap is the impacts of personal and non-personal modes of travel on traffic safety in rural versus urban areas in developing countries which remains unexplored. An exhaustive panel data modeling approach is adopted. One important finding of this study is that evidence exists of a contrasting relationship between household expenditure and traffic fatality in rural and urban areas. The relationship between household expenditure and traffic fatality is observed to be positive in rural areas and a negative in urban areas. Increases in most expenditure variables, such as fuel, non-personal modes of travel, and two-wheeler expenditures, are found to be associated with an increase in traffic fatality in rural areas.

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Komparácia pro-poor rastu vo vidieckych a mestských oblastiach Indonézie

10.5817/cz.muni.p210-9896-2021-16 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Barbora Frličková

Keyword(s):

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Poor People ◽

Average Income ◽

Poor Growth ◽

Rural And Urban Areas ◽

Rural And Urban ◽

Poverty And Inequality ◽

Partial Period ◽

Urban And Rural Areas

The paper analyses construction and use of a selected indicator of pro-poor growth – the rate of pro-poor growth. It further explains the interpretation of this indicator in absolute and relative terms and indicates how economic growth affects poverty and inequality. The selected indicator is applied to the example of Indonesia and compares pro-poor growth in urban and rural areas of the country, examines regional disparities in terms of pro-poor growth for the period 1996–2019. From the absolute interpretation, pro-poor growth is observed in both urban and rural areas over the whole period. In relative terms, results of pro-poor growth for the first partial period (1996–2000) differ. While there was a relative pro-poor growth in the rural areas, there was a strong pro-poor growth in the cities with a significant decline in inequality observed (incomes of poor people increased while the average income of the whole population dropped). Indonesia achieved trickle-down growth in both rural and urban areas in two remaining periods (2000–2010 and 2010–2019).

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ALS Curriculum Implementation for Juvenile Delinquents in Urban and Rural Areas in the Philippines: A Comparative Analysis

Middle Eastern Journal of Research in Education and Social Sciences ◽

10.47631/mejress.v1i1.3 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 1-14

Author(s):

Vandon Borela

Keyword(s):

Rural Areas ◽

Juvenile Delinquents ◽

Urban Areas ◽

The Philippines ◽

Learning System ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Alternative Learning ◽

Rural And Urban Areas ◽

Rural And Urban ◽

Urban And Rural Areas

Purpose: The aim of this research study is to evaluate the implementation of Alternative Learning System (ALS) curriculum offered to juvenile delinquents in urban and rural areas in the Philippines. The study also aims to determine whether the current education programs meet the needs of the juvenile delinquents with reference to Juvenile delinquency acts. The study is an attempt to highlight the aspects of Alternative Learning System (ALS) that should be developed. Approach/Methodology/Design: The study is qualitative and conducted in Marikina City and Rizal province, the Philippines. This study used exploratory study analysis. The respondents are the Alternative Learning System (ALS) teachers. For data collection, three semi-structured interviews were employed and the respondents’ answers were categorized using analytical coding to compare and analyze the implementation of the ALS curriculum for juvenile delinquents. Findings: The interpretation and analysis of the data collected shows that the ALS teachers from both the rural and urban areas have the same experiences on the implementation of the ALS program for juvenile delinquents in terms of curriculum, instruction and assessment. Furthermore, the teachers gave an emphasis that once the juvenile delinquents undergo the program, they are given a new hope and new direction in life to pursue their dreams. Lastly, the teachers from both areas have the same suggestions for the improvement of the implementation of the program, such as additional funds for the development of quality learning materials, increasing the number of learning centers, and designing various forms of assessment. Practical Implications: The study will contribute positively to the understanding of Alternative learning System. The significance of this study lies in the comparison of the alternative learning system curriculum and how it is implemented to the juvenile delinquents in urban and in rural areas. Originality/value: This study engages ALS teachers in assessing the ALS curriculum, reflecting actual experiences to meet the expectations and needs of the juvenile delinquents.

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Rural Area Emotional Disturbance Service Delivery: Problems and Future Directions

Behavioral Disorders ◽

10.1177/019874298300800202 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 113-119

Author(s):

Paul L. Beare ◽

Evelyn C. Lynch

Keyword(s):

Service Delivery ◽

Emotional Disturbance ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Directors Of Special Education ◽

Rural And Urban Areas ◽

Rural And Urban ◽

Problems And Solutions ◽

The Status ◽

Urban And Rural Areas

This study investigated the status of Emotional Disturbance (ED) service delivery in rural and urban areas of three midwestern states. Information was gathered from directors of special education. Urban and rural areas were compared on level and types of services, and training and license of the involved teachers. Additional data were collected concerning the directors' perception of service delivery problems and solutions. Generally, rural areas were found to have more severe problems than urban areas in service delivery. Suggestions were offered to help alleviate delivery problems.

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The Influence of Information Services on Public Transport Behavior of Urban and Rural Residents

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su11195454 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (19) ◽

pp. 5454

Author(s):

Xuemei Zhou ◽

Jiahui Liang ◽

Xiangfeng Ji ◽

Caitlin Cottrill

Keyword(s):

Public Transport ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Information Service ◽

Rural Residents ◽

Rural And Urban Areas ◽

Transport Behavior ◽

Urban And Rural Residents ◽

Rural And Urban ◽

Urban And Rural Areas

Rural and urban areas are mainly connected by public transport in China. The characteristics of the trips of local residents in rural and urban areas are different; therefore, the demand for public transport information services is different. Based on the revealed data, a structural equation model is applied to examine the critical factors affecting the behavior of urban and rural residents in choosing public transport in the Beidaihe District, Qinhuangdao City, China. The effect of information service factors on public transport behavior of urban and rural residents is obtained. The influence level of public transport information service on public transport behavior of urban and rural residents before and during travel is discussed. This study provides valuable insights to improving public transport services between urban and rural areas of China, which can attract more residents to use public transport and promotes sustainable development between urban and rural areas.

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The Effect of Location on the Value of Ornamental Trees Using the Example of a Green Space in Lublin

Real Estate Management and Valuation ◽

10.2478/remav-2019-0035 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 27 (4) ◽

pp. 53-61

Author(s):

Eugenia Czernyszewicz ◽

Małgorzata Szymańska ◽

Beata Żuraw ◽

Katarzyna Leziak

Keyword(s):

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Growth Conditions ◽

Health Resort ◽

Rural And Urban Areas ◽

Valuation Method ◽

Rural And Urban ◽

Historic Areas ◽

Urban And Rural Areas ◽

Ornamental Trees

Abstract This paper examines and identifies, using a specific example, how the location of trees influences their value. For the valuation of trees outside a forest area, appraisers often employ methods recommended for estimating forest stands, which significantly reduces the value of trees and valued properties. The tree-valuation method developed by SZCZEPANOWSKA et al. (2010) was used in our study. First, we compiled an inventory of trees located on plots intended for expropriation. The study covered all specimens with trunk circumferences of over 25 centimetres, which amounted to a total of 76 trees. We considered the value of the trees in the conditions of the actual location, which means that our calculations included house gardens in the city and the values of the same trees in hypothetical growth conditions: tree stands in rural and urban areas, green spaces in urban and rural areas, housing estates, roads and streets (both urban and rural), and historic areas, health resorts and health-resort protection zones. Our study has shown that the tree valuation method based on differentiating coefficients is a very useful tool for establishing the value of trees in outlying areas.

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Functional links between rural and urban areas in the territory of the city of Banja Luka and the perspective of their development

Economics of Sustainable Development ◽

10.5937/esd2002050t ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 49-62

Author(s):

Milan Tomić ◽

Sandra Rover ◽

Bojan Pejović ◽

Nina Uremović

Keyword(s):

Urban Environment ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Urban Environments ◽

Urban Center ◽

Rural And Urban Areas ◽

Rural And Urban ◽

Political Dimensions ◽

Urban And Rural Areas ◽

Banja Luka

Different types of interactions between rural and urban areas have the effect of improving economic, social, cultural and political dimensions in both areas, separating these two areas by their type of activity. Rural and urban types of regions have different resources and means that can be used in a complementary way. In rural-urban interaction there is a possibility of occurrence of conflict of interest of these two areas. This kind of conflict should be overcome when applying the partnership approach between rural and urban areas. The types of rural areas, depending on the proximity of the urban center and the functions of these areas, are divided into suburban, agricultural and remote type areas. By determining the functions of each type of area, the type and intensity of the interactions of rural areas with the urban center are presented. Rural entrepreneurs are able to bridge rural-urban differences, possessing certain market knowledge and descriptions of the characteristics of urban environments, while benefiting from their position. Rural entrepreneurs' interaction with the urban environment can contribute to sustainable economic relations between citizens in urban and rural areas. This paper presents the results of research related to determining the functions of certain areas, their strengths, unused and utilized resources, the frequency of interaction with the urban environment and the perspectives of suburban, agricultural and remote type areas in the context of interaction with the urban environment.

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Energy Elasticity in India: An Empirical study with Unit level Household Data

Journal of Global Economy ◽

10.1956/jge.v15i2.578 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 73-82

Author(s):

Alok Pandey ◽

Annapurna Dixit

Keyword(s):

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Urban Region ◽

Level Energy ◽

Household Level ◽

Unit Level ◽

Rural And Urban Areas ◽

Dummy Variable ◽

Rural And Urban ◽

Level Data

In the present study an attempt has been made to estimate the responsiveness of prices and household expenditure on consumption of energy for cooking and lighting at household level in rural and urban areas of All India. Household level energy elasticities are estimated for the rural and urban areas with the help of dummy variable regression approach by using NSSO 66th quinnquenial rounds of unit level data.. The results reveal the fact that average expenditure recorded on energy for cooking and lighting in urban areas is higher than in rural areas at all India level. Majority of the households are using dirty fuel for cooking in rural areas while in urban areas clean fuel i.e. LPG is used for cooking. The expenditure on energy for cooking and lighting at household level is inelastic. The marginal budget share in rural and urban areas is the same. Result reveal the fact that hundred percent increase in prices of energy for cooking and lighting will increase the expenditure of households in rural region more than in urban region.

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