scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization of Hydroxypropylcellulose from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (Elaeis guineensis Jacq)

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Djagal W. Marseno ◽  
Pepita Haryanti ◽  
Binardo Adiseno ◽  
Haryadi Haryadi
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Cellulose Derivatives ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
Purity Level ◽  
Mesh Screen ◽  
Molar Substitution

Indonesia has a lot of oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB) and usually discarded as agricultural waste. The major component of this oil palm EFB is cellulose, which is useful for food industry in the form of cellulose derivatives such as hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC). This paper reported about a method to prepare HPC from oil palm EFB as cellulose source. Oil palm EFB was dried, cut and milled to obtain EFB powder passed from 60 mesh screen. Cellulose in the EFB powder was extracted using 4% NaOH at 100ºC for 3.5 h, and then bleached using 5% NaOCl at 30ºC for 3 h.  HPC was synthesized from cellulose using NaOH at 5-25% at 25ºC for 1 h, then propylene oxide (PO) at 0.6-1.4 mL per g cellulose was added to the slurry and the temperature was adjusted to 55ºC for 3 h.  HPC from EFB cellulose had more less characters than its commercial especially in purity level. Alkalization using 10% NaOH and its etherification using 1.4% (v/w) PO gave HPC with the highest molar substitution (MS), viscosity, purity and crystallinity i.e. 0.1049; 76.88 cps; 76.91% and 24.39%, respectively.

scholarly journals Physicochemical characterization of bunches from American oil palm (Elaeis oleifera H.B.K. Cortes) and their hybrids with African oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 170-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Chaves ◽  
Gustavo Adolfo Ligarreto- Moreno ◽  
Daniel Gerardo Cayon-Salinas
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Elaeis Oleifera ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis Jacq ◽  
African Oil Palm

El objetivo de este estudio fue realizar un análisis comparativo de las características físicas y químicas de racimos de genotipos de Elaeis oleifera y de sus híbridos interespecíficos OxG con Elaeis guineensis, determinando los componentes y el potencial del aceite del racimo, y la calidad de los aceites, analizando el contenido de ácidos grasos, vitamina E y carotenos. En el estudio se utilizaron racimos provenientes de inflorescencias sin polinización asistida con la presencia perimetral de E. guineensis. Se utilizó un diseño experimental completamente al azar con tres unidades experimentales, cada una conformada por tres racimos. Los mayores cuajados del fruto se encontraron en el genotipo de E. oleifera Sinú (76,53 %) y el híbrido OxG II (72,64 %). Los potenciales de extracción de aceite fueron superiores en los materiales híbridos OxG destacándose el II (20,82 %). Las palmas E. oleifera presentaron mejores perfiles de ácidos grasos, destacándose los materiales del genotipo Sinú (79,1 % de ácidos grasos insaturados) y los del híbrido II (70,2 %). Para el contenido de vitamina E se confirmó la alta calidad del aceite de los materiales de E. oleifera, sobresaliendo el genotipo Coarí (1.006,7 ppm) y el híbrido II (1.549,6 ppm); el material del genotipo Sinú registró el mayor contenido de carotenos totales (1.524,7 ppm).

scholarly journals Bio-Pellet Fuel from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (EFB): Using European Standards for Quality Testing

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 4443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Brunerová ◽  
Miroslav Müller ◽  
Vladimír Šleger ◽  
Himsar Ambarita ◽  
Petr Valášek
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Experimental Testing ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Volume Density ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Waste Biomass ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches

The oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) represents Indonesian major agriculture crop, nevertheless, its cultivation and processing results in an excessive amount of waste biomass, namely, empty fruit bunches (EFB), which is not always properly processed or reused. Therefore, the present investigation was performed to attract wide public interest in proper waste management and reuse of waste biomass. The suitability of such waste biomass for bio-pellet fuel production within its ecological EFB reuse was the subject of investigation. Its fuel parameters, mechanical quality and microscopic analysis represented the set of experimental testing performed within the target purpose. Satisfactory result values were stated within oil palm EFB fuel parameters, namely, moisture content Mc—7.07%, ash content Ac—9.41% and energy potential NCV—15.06 MJ∙kg−1. Mechanical analysis of the produced bio-pellet fuel proved outstanding results: Volume density ρ—1440.01 kg∙m−3 and mechanical durability DU—97.4% and 99.4% (according to ÖNORM M 7135 (2003) and ISO 17831-1 (2015)). Furthermore, results of compressive strength σ proved the requested high level; in simple pressure σp—10.83 MPa and in cleft σc—60.46 N·mm−1. Stereoscopic microscope measurements proved a prevalent proportion of fiber >97% within the feedstock content, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of bio-pellet samples diagnosed cracks purely on the outer surface, not within their internal structures, which indicated high quality compacted products. In conclusion, the overall evaluation indicates the production of environmental-friendly high quality bio-pellet fuel, thus, proving the suitability of oil palm EFB for the production of bio-pellet fuel.

scholarly journals Eco-Friendly Extraction and Characterization of Cellulose from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches

BioResources ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Shahid Nazir ◽  
Bambang Air Wahjoedi ◽  
Abdul Wahid Yussof ◽  
Mohd Azmuddin Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches

scholarly journals Fractionation and characterization of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) as treated by supercritical water

2010 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 488-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahendra Varman ◽  
Hisashi Miyafuji ◽  
Shiro Saka
Keyword(s):  
Supercritical Water ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis

scholarly journals Production of Acetyl Cellulose from Agricultural Waste of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (12) ◽  
pp. 2725-2728
Author(s):  
S.D. Yuwono ◽  
D.A. Iryani ◽  
C. Gusti ◽  
Suharto ◽  
Buhani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Added Value ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Renewable Materials ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches

In Indonesia especially in Lampung Province, there are a lot of oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) as an organic material waste. OPEFB is relatively inexpensive lignocellulose material as raw material of cellulose acetate or acetyl cellulose. In a business to bigger added value out of these natural renewable materials, the production of the acetyl cellulose was performed well by the acetylation of cellulose from OPEFB using different methods. These were extensively characterized using thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. The results indicated that the acetyl cellulose resulted showed similar properties to cotton acetyl cellulose. Degree of substitution of the resultant acetyl cellulose from different methods was improved from 1.86 to 2.60.

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