scholarly journals ELECTRICAL VESTIBULAR NERVE STIMULATION FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF TENSION HEADACHE

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
SAI SAILESH KUMAR GOOTHY ◽  
SRILATHA GOOTHY ◽  
JASON MCKEOWN
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Tension Headache ◽  
Pain Scale ◽  
Vestibular Nerve ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
Relieve Pain ◽  
Single Person ◽  
History Of ◽  
Mandibular Surgery ◽  
Stimulation Of

Tension headache is the most common type of headache and typically it is described as pain or pressure in the head, scalp, or neck, often associated with localized muscle discomfort. It was hypothesized that stimulation of vestibular nerve may relieve pain. In this single-person study, vestibular nerve stimulation was administered daily for a period of 6 weeks. The participant was an 18 years male with a 4 years history of moderate headache at least once week and with repeated periods of moderate stress. He was under medications; however, the pain was not relieved. Stress levels were measured using DASS 21 scale. Pain was measured using pain scale, autonomic, and cognitive parameters recorded by standard methods. During this study, the participant reported a significant reduction in both the frequency and intensity of headaches and by the end of the 6 weeks of the study, it was noticed that he reduced the usage of pain medication. Autonomic parameters remained within normal limits after the periods of stimulation and cognitive functions were improved. This study suggests that electrical stimulation of the vestibular nerve may help to reduce tension headache and highlights the need for larger studies in this area and further exploratory studies in the management of other regional pain such as orofacial pain, dental pain, and management of pain after mandibular surgery.

Excitatory termination of abducens internuclear neurons on medial rectus motoneurons: relationship to syndrome of internuclear ophthalmoplegia

1978 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 1647-1661 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Highstein ◽  
R. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Brain Stem ◽  
Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Physiological Activity ◽  
Vestibular Nerve ◽  
Medial Rectus ◽  
Medial Longitudinal Fasciculus ◽  
Internuclear Ophthalmoplegia ◽  
Field Potentials ◽  
Abducens Nucleus ◽  
Stimulation Of

1. Field potentials and intracellular records were obtained from the medial rectus subdivision of the IIIrd nucleus in anesthetized cats following electrical stimulation of the abducens nuclei, vestibular nerves, pontomedullary brain stem, and the medial longitudinal fasciculi (MLF). 2. Stimulation of the contralateral abducens nucleus produced unique field potentials in the medial rectus subdivision. They consisted of an early sharp transient volley followed by a slower postsynaptic negativity. 3. Monosynaptic EPSPs were evoked in medial rectus motoneurons following contralateral abducens nucleus stimulation. The EPSP amplitudes were graded when the stimulus intensity was increased from threshold to supramaximal. EPSPs produced by contralateral abducens nucleus stimulation were larger in amplitude than those produced by ipsilateral vestibular nerve stimulation. The current-voltage relationship and reversal potentials for Vi- and abducens-evoked EPSPs were similar and indicated an overlapping location of excitatory synaptic terminals on medial rectus motoneurons. 4. Secondary vestibular axons activated monosynaptically by ipsilateral vestibular nerve stimulation were not recruited by abducens nucleus stimulation. 5. Ipsilateral MLF stimulation produced EPSPs with similar profiles as those observed following abducens nucleus stimulation; however, stimulation of the contralateral MLF at comparable stimulus intensities did not produce any changes in transmembrane potential. 6. When higher intensity stimuli were applied to the contralateral MLF, the synaptic potentials recorded in the medial rectus were occluded by those produced by weaker stimulation applied to the ipsilateral MLF. This suggests that the potentials resulting from stronger contralateral stimulation were due to current spread to the ipsilateral MLF. 7. While recording in the medial rectus subdivision, various sites in the ponto-medullary brain stem were explored with a stimulating electrode. Analysis of evoked field potentials suggested that the ascending internuclear axons were contained only in the MLF ipsilateral to the medial rectus. Acute brain stem lesions confirmed this suggestion. 8. Chronic lesions were placed in the brain stem to isolate the abducens nucleus from either extrinsic fibers of passage or axon collaterals. Acute electrophysiological experiments in these chronic animals corroborated the suggestion that the medial rectus pathway originated from within the abducens nucleus. 9. We conclude that axons from the internuclear neurons of the abducens nucleus exit from the nucleus medially, cross the midline, ascend in the opposite MLF, and terminate monosynaptically on medial rectus motoneurons. 10. we believe that the syndrome of internuclear ophthalmoplegia associated clinically with lesions of the medial longitudinal fasciculus could be due to the absence of ascending physiological activity from internuclear neurons of the abducens nucleus.

AUDITORY STIMULATION OF QUR’ANIC MUROTTAL ON PATIENT WITH TUBERCULOUS MENINGITIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raudha Ilmi Farid ◽  
Sri Yona
Keyword(s):  
Tuberculous Meningitis ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Nursing Intervention ◽  
Pain Scale ◽  
Study Analysis ◽  
Case Study Analysis ◽  
Relieve Pain ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Stimulation Of

<p><strong>Objective</strong>:One of serious complications of tuberculosis is tuberculous meningitis that affects the brain. Headache and pain are among clinical signs manifesting in patient with TB meningitis. Modification of interventions to treat pain in clients with TB meningitis is necessary. Providing stimulation of Qur'anic Murottal as an effort to relieve pain may be used as a modification of intervention.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Methods:</strong> This study used case study analysis of patient with meningitis TB in Neurology Ward of RSCM for 7 days. Patient was provided with murottal al qur'an stimulation for seven days and the level of pain was evaluated by using Adult Nonverbal Pain Scale instrument.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Results</strong>: The study result indicated that there was a decrease in pain level according to Adult Non-Verbal Pain Scale (ANVPS) score from 7 to 1.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Conclusion</strong>: The development of further research in audio stimulation application of murottal al qur'an on client with TB meningitis should be conducted as an innovation of nursing intervention for client affected by pain, especially TB meningitis.</p><div><p class="KeywordsCxSpFirst"> </p><p class="KeywordsCxSpLast"><strong>Keywords:</strong> meningitis, murottal al qur’an, pain, tuberculosis</p></div>

Modulation of sleep using electrical vestibular nerve stimulation prior to sleep onset: a pilot study

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sai Sailesh Kumar Goothy ◽  
Jason McKeown
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Vestibular Stimulation ◽  
Vestibular Nerve ◽  
Baseline Values ◽  
Randomized Control ◽  
Insomnia Severity ◽  
Stimulation Of

AbstractObjectivesElectrical stimulation of the vestibular system (VeNS) has been shown to improve Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) when delivered during sleep. We hypothesize that repeated electrical vestibular stimulation, when delivered prior to sleep onset, will improve ISI scores. The primary aim of this study was to assess the effect that VeNS had on ISI scores when delivered prior to sleep onset. A secondary aim was to provide initial data indicating “length of time to effect” that will allow more appropriate design of a larger randomized control trial (RCT).MethodsThe present study was an experimental study (pre and post without control). The participants acted as self-controls. After recording the baseline values, electrical vestibular nerve stimulation was administered as intervention once in a day for 30 min, 1 h prior to sleep onset using ML1000 device (Neurovalens, UK) for 14 days.ResultsThere was significant decrease in the ISI scores followed by the electrical vestibular nerve stimulation. Further, participants reported a significant increase in well-rested sleep post the intervention period.ConclusionsThis study supports our hypothesis that VeNS has a positive impact on ISI scores when delivered on a regular basis prior to sleep onset.

Floccular Modulation of Vestibuloocular Pathways and Cerebellum-Related Plasticity: An In Vitro Whole Brain Study

2000 ◽  
Vol 84 (5) ◽  
pp. 2514-2528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander L. Babalian ◽  
Pierre-Paul Vidal
Keyword(s):  
Purkinje Cells ◽  
Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Inferior Olive ◽  
Vestibular Nuclei ◽  
Vestibular Nerve ◽  
Abducens Nucleus ◽  
Postsynaptic Potentials ◽  
Oculomotor Nerves ◽  
Stimulation Of

The isolated whole brain (IWB) preparation of the guinea pig was used to investigate the floccular modulation of vestibular-evoked responses in abducens and oculomotor nerves and abducens nucleus; for identification of flocculus target neurons (FTNs) in the vestibular nuclei and intracellular study of some of their physiological properties; to search for possible flocculus-dependent plasticity at the FTN level by pairing of vestibular nerve and floccular stimulations; and to study the possibility of induction of long-term depression (LTD) in Purkinje cells by paired stimulation of the inferior olive and vestibular nerve. Stimulation of the flocculus had only effects on responses evoked from the ipsilateral (with respect to the stimulated flocculus) vestibular nerve. Floccular stimulation significantly inhibited the vestibular-evoked discharges in oculomotor nerves on both sides and the inhibitory field potential in the ipsilateral abducens nucleus while the excitatory responses in the contralateral abducens nerve and nucleus were free from such inhibition. Eleven second-order vestibular neurons were found to receive a short-latency monosynaptic inhibitory input from the flocculus and were thus characterized as FTNs. Monosynaptic inhibitory postsynaptic potentials from the flocculus were bicuculline sensitive, suggesting a GABAA-ergic transmission from Purkinje cells to FTNs. Two of recorded FTNs could be identified as vestibulospinal neurons by their antidromic activation from the cervical segments of the spinal cord. Several pairing paradigms were investigated in which stimulation of the flocculus could precede, coincide with, or follow the vestibular nerve stimulation. None of them led to long-term modification of responses in the abducens nucleus or oculomotor nerve evoked by activation of vestibular afferents. On the other hand, pairing of the inferior olive and vestibular nerve stimulation resulted in approximately a 30% reduction of excitatory postsynaptic potentials evoked in Purkinje cells by the vestibular nerve stimulation. This reduction was pairing-specific and lasted throughout the entire recording time of the neurons. Thus in the IWB preparation, we were able to induce a LTD in Purkinje cells, but we failed to detect traces of flocculus-dependent plasticity at the level of FTNs in vestibular nuclei. Although these data cannot rule out the possibility of synaptic modifications in FTNs and/or at other brain stem sites under different experimental conditions, they are in favor of the hypothesis that the LTD in the flocculus could be the essential mechanism of cellular plasticity in the vestibuloocular pathways.

Spontaneous Haemophilia in a Female

1960 ◽  
Vol 04 (03) ◽  
pp. 369-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. H Braun ◽  
David B. Stollar
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Bleeding Time ◽  
Dental Extraction ◽  
White Girl ◽  
Complete Family ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
Sex Chromatin ◽  
History Of ◽  
Generation Test

SummaryA case of haemophilia in a young white girl is described. There was a history of bleeding from birth. The thromboplastin generation test was grossly abnormal and A. H. G. levels were below 1%. Bleeding time and capillary morphology was within normal limits. Dental extraction after transfusion caused almost uncontrollable haemorrhage.A complete family history was obtained for four generations. There was no case of a “bleeder” amongst these.The girl’s apparent sex was confirmed by sex chromatin studies.

scholarly journals Postoperative radiological assessment of the mastoid facial canal in cochlear implant patients in correlation with facial nerve stimulation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iris Burck ◽  
Rania A. Helal ◽  
Nagy N. N. Naguib ◽  
Nour-Eldin A. Nour-Eldin ◽  
Jan-Erik Scholtz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Cochlear Implant ◽  
Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Lateral Wall ◽  
Facial Canal ◽  
Chorda Tympani ◽  
Radiological Assessment ◽  
Canal Diameter ◽  
History Of ◽  
Facial Nerve Stimulation

Abstract Objectives To correlate the radiological assessment of the mastoid facial canal in postoperative cochlear implant (CI) cone-beam CT (CBCT) and other possible contributing clinical or implant-related factors with postoperative facial nerve stimulation (FNS) occurrence. Methods Two experienced radiologists evaluated retrospectively 215 postoperative post-CI CBCT examinations. The mastoid facial canal diameter, wall thickness, distance between the electrode cable and mastoid facial canal, and facial-chorda tympani angle were assessed. Additionally, the intracochlear position and the insertion angle and depth of electrodes were evaluated. Clinical data were analyzed for postoperative FNS within 1.5-year follow-up, CI type, onset, and causes for hearing loss such as otosclerosis, meningitis, and history of previous ear surgeries. Postoperative FNS was correlated with the measurements and clinical data using logistic regression. Results Within the study population (mean age: 56 ± 18 years), ten patients presented with FNS. The correlations between FNS and facial canal diameter (p = 0.09), wall thickness (p = 0.27), distance to CI cable (p = 0.44), and angle with chorda tympani (p = 0.75) were statistically non-significant. There were statistical significances for previous history of meningitis/encephalitis (p = 0.001), extracochlear-electrode-contacts (p = 0.002), scala-vestibuli position (p = 0.02), younger patients’ age (p = 0.03), lateral-wall-electrode type (p = 0.04), and early/childhood onset hearing loss (p = 0.04). Histories of meningitis/encephalitis and extracochlear-electrode-contacts were included in the first two steps of the multivariate logistic regression. Conclusion The mastoid-facial canal radiological assessment and the positional relationship with the CI electrode provide no predictor of postoperative FNS. Histories of meningitis/encephalitis and extracochlear-electrode-contacts are important risk factors. Key Points • Post-operative radiological assessment of the mastoid facial canal and the positional relationship with the CI electrode provide no predictor of post-cochlear implant facial nerve stimulation. • Radiological detection of extracochlear electrode contacts and the previous clinical history of meningitis/encephalitis are two important risk factors for postoperative facial nerve stimulation in cochlear implant patients. • The presence of scala vestibuli electrode insertion as well as the lateral wall electrode type, the younger patient’s age, and early onset of SNHL can play important role in the prediction of post-cochlear implant facial nerve stimulation.

Animal Pain Scales in Public Policy

1990 ◽  
Vol 18 (1_part_1) ◽  
pp. 41-50
Author(s):  
F. Barbara Orlans
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Animal Welfare ◽  
The United States ◽  
Pain Scale ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Animal Pain ◽  
Pain Scales ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Control

Pain scales classify the severity of pain inflicted on laboratory animals from little or none up to severe. A pain scale as part of public policy serves beneficial purposes that promote animal welfare. It can be used to educate people about the two alternatives of refinement and replacement, and the need to reduce animal pain. Furthermore, a pain scale has practical applications: 1) in review procedures for animal welfare concerns; 2) in developing policies on the use of animals in education; and 3) as a basis for collecting national data on animal experimentation, so that meaningful data can be collected on trends in reduction and control in animal pain. So far, only a few countries (including Sweden, the Netherlands, Canada and New Zealand) have adopted pain scales as part of their public policy. Most countries, including the United States, have not yet done so. The history of the development and adoption of pain scales by various countries is described and the case is presented for wider adoption of a pain scale in countries not currently using one.

Intradural Dirofilariasis in a Dog with Chronic Cervical Pain

2017 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-63
Author(s):  
Kathleen Ann Bonawandt ◽  
Jason M. Berg ◽  
Richard J. Joseph ◽  
Joseph D. Stefanacci
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Spinal Pain ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Male Adult ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
History Of ◽  
C2 Vertebra ◽  
Intradural Extramedullary

ABSTRACT A 7 yr old female spayed Yorkshire terrier was referred to the author's institute for a 5 mo history of recurrent cervical spinal pain. Neurologic examination did not reveal any deficits. Hematologic and serum analyses were within normal limits. Thoracic radiographs that incorporated the cervical spine did not show structural abnormalities. Magnetic resonance imaging of the cervical spine demonstrated a contrast enhancing, intradural extramedullary lesion at the level of the C2 vertebra. Hemilaminectomy was performed, during which a long, narrow nematode was visualized upon opening of the dura mater. The parasite was alive when removed during surgery, and the dog recovered with complete resolution of symptoms. The parasite was submitted and confirmed as a male adult Dirofilaria immitis. This is a novel case of an intradural D. immitis infection in the dog with a magnetic resonance imaging description of spinal D. immitis.

scholarly journals Acute Iodine Toxicity from a Suspected Oral Methamphetamine Ingestion

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. CCRep.S20086 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilyn N. Bulloch
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Liver Function Tests ◽  
Oral Ingestion ◽  
Methamphetamine Abuse ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
History Of ◽  
Systemic Symptoms ◽  
Iodine Toxicity

Background Iodine is a naturally occurring element commercially available alone or in a multitude of products. Iodine crystals and iodine tincture are used in the production of methamphetamine. Although rarely fatal, iodine toxicity from oral ingestion can produce distressing gastrointestinal symptoms and systemic symptoms, such as hypotension and tachycardia, from subsequent hypovolemia. Objective The objective of this case report is to describe a case of iodine toxicity from suspected oral methamphetamine ingestion. Case Report A male in his early 20′s presented with gastrointestinal symptoms, chills, fever, tachycardia, and tachypnea after orally ingesting a substance suspected to be methamphetamine. The patient had elevated levels of serum creatinine, liver function tests, and bands on arrival, which returned to within normal limits by day 4 of admission. Based on the patient's narrow anion gap, halogen levels were ordered on day 3 and indicated iodine toxicity. This is thought to be the first documented case of iodine toxicity secondary to suspected oral methamphetamine abuse. Conclusion Considering that the incidence of methamphetamine abuse is expected to continue to rise, clinicians should be aware of potential iodine toxicity in a patient with a history of methamphetamine abuse.

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