scholarly journals EVALUATION OF ANALGESIC (IN VIVO) ACTIVITY OF ARIFLEX TABLET IN COMPARISON WITH DICLOFENAC AND ACECLOFENAC USING ACETIC ACID INDUCED WRITHING MODEL IN MICE

2021 ◽  
pp. 90-93
Author(s):  
SANJAY NIPANIKAR ◽  
CHITLANGE SS
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Analgesic Activity ◽  
Diclofenac Sodium ◽  
Gouty Arthritis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2

Objective: The present study was conducted to evaluate analgesic activity of Ariflex Tablet which is a polyherbal formulation conceptualized and developed by Ari Healthcare Private in comparison to Aceclofenac and Diclofenac Tablet. Methods: Albino mice of either sex weighing 20–25 g were taken and divided into four groups with six animals in each group. Group 1 (Controlled Group) animals were starved overnight. Group 2 animals were orally administered with Diclofenac Tablet as Standard drug. Group 3 animals were orally administered with Aceclofenac Tablet as Standard drug and Group 4 Animals were orally administered with Ariflex Tablet. The test and standard drugs were orally administered with feeding needle after 1 h of injecting 1% acetic acid intraperitoneally in volume of 0.1 ml/10 g body weight. Writhing episodes were recorded for 30 min by counting the stretching. Results: All the tested formulations possess analgesic activity in acetic acid induced writhing model. Aceclofenac possesses strong analgesic activity compared to other formulations tested. In Ariflex Tablet Group, the number of writhes was 120.6±41.4. If compared to control group, the number of writhes was significantly less suggesting analgesic activity of Ariflex Tablet. Analgesic activity of Ariflex Tablet was close to that of Diclofenac Sodium. Conclusion: It can be concluded that Ariflex Tablet possesses significant analgesic activity. Ariflex Tablet can be used in the management of Osteoarthritis, Rheumatoid arthritis, Gouty arthritis, Lumbago, Sciatica, and Spondylitis.

scholarly journals Evaluation of analgesic (in vivo) activity of Ariflex liniment in comparison with diclofenac gel by acetic acid induced writhing model

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 943
Author(s):  
Sanjay U. Nipanikar ◽  
Sohan S. Chitlange
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Analgesic Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Single Animal ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Control Group Group ◽  
Group 1

Background: Adverse effects of available medications for osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) necessitate development of safer and effective alternative medicinal substitutes. The present study was conducted to evaluate analgesic activity of Ariflex liniment (conceptualized and developed by Ari Healthcare Pvt. Ltd.) in comparison with diclofenac gel by using acetic acid induced writhing model.Methods: Albino mice of either sex weighing 20-25 g were taken and divided into 3 groups with 5 animals in each group, i.e., group 1 (control group), group 2 (diclofenac gel) and group 3 (Ariflex liniment). After 1 hour of topical application of study drugs writhing was induced in mice using intra-peritonial injection of 1% acetic acid in volume of 0.1 ml/10 g body weight. Then the writhing episodes were recorded for 30 minutes and results were noted.Results: In the control group, the total number of  writhes were 260±29.73 (mean±S. E. M.). The total number of writhes was 12.17±11.81 (mean ± S. E. M.) in diclofenac group. In Ariflex liniment group, not a single animal felt pain, hence there were no writhes recorded. When compared to control group, the difference in number of writhes was statistically significant. The analgesic activity of Ariflex liniment was found to be superior to that of diclofenac gel used as standard drug.Conclusions: It can be concluded that Ariflex liniment possesses analgesic activity.

scholarly journals In vivo microbiological evaluation of the effect of biomechanical preparation of root canals using different irrigating solutions

2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mário Tanomaru Filho ◽  
José Carlos Yamashita ◽  
Mario Roberto Leonardo ◽  
Léa Assed Bezerra da Silva ◽  
Juliane Maria Guerreiro Tanomaru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saline Solution ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Periapical Lesions ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Number Of Microorganisms ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2

The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of biomechanical preparation using different irrigating solutions. Seventy-eight root canals from premolars of four dogs were used. After experimental induction of periapical lesions, the root canals were prepared using the following solutions for irrigation: Group 1) 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl); Group 2) 2% chlorhexidine (CHX); Group 3) saline solution and Group 4) control group with no biomechanical preparation. The microbiological evaluation of the root canals was performed by counting the colony forming units (CFUs) using different culture mediums. Two absorbent paper cones were used in each root canal in order to collect the microbiological samples before, and thirty days after the biomechanical preparation. The culture plates were incubated in aerobic, anaerobic and microaerophilic environment. Statistical evaluation was carried out using analysis of variance, Tukey and Student tests. The results demonstrated that there was reduction in the number of microorganisms in the NaOCl and CHX groups (p<0.05). There was greater effectiveness in the chlorhexidine group. The group that used saline solution and the control group presented an increased number of microorganisms. It can be concluded that the use of antimicrobial irrigating solutions during biomechanical preparation promotes the reduction of endodontic microbiota. However, a considerable number of microorganisms were still observed.

Effect of simultaneous blockade of androgen and estrogen receptors on prostate cancer: In vivo study.

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (6_suppl) ◽  
pp. 214-214
Author(s):  
Rafael Nunez-Nateras ◽  
Erin N. Ferrigni ◽  
Naomi M. Gades ◽  
Erik P. Castle
Keyword(s):  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Combined Administration ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Castrate Resistant ◽  
Group 1

214 Background: In our preliminary in vitro studies, we have demonstrated evidence of enhanced apoptosis and inhibition of cellular proliferation in both hormone sensitive and castrate resistant prostate cancer (PCa) cell lines using a combination of an antiandrogen (Bicalutamide) and a selective estrogen receptor modulator (Raloxifene). The aim of this study was to study the effect of the administration of these two drugs in in vivo models of castrate resistant PCa. Methods: In vivo model consisted on NCr Nude: Mice bearing s.c. human prostate (PC3 cell line) xenografts. Based on the treatment received, mice were divided into 5 groups as follows: Group 1: No drugs (control); Group 2: Bicalutamide 50mg; Group 3: Raloxifene 60 mg; Group 4: Combined administration of Bicalutamide 50 mg and Raloxifene 60 mg; Group 5 Combined administration of Bicalutamide 150 mg and Raloxifene 120 mg. A total of 10 mice where included in each group. All drugs dosages were converted to their equivalent in the mice. Drugs were administered by gavage technique to the mice once per day for a total of 14 days. Results: As expected, Bicalutamide administered alone causes minimal inhibition without reaching statistical significance (Group 2: 0.34 g Vs Group 1: 0.40 g; p=0.073). Although Raloxifene causes some marked growth inhibition, its effect is not statistically significant (Group 3: 0.31 Vs Group 1: 0.40 g; p=0.062). Bicalutamide and Raloxifene, when administered in combination, induced prominent growth inhibition in PC3 tumors when compared to the control group (Group 4: 0.26 g Vs Group 1: 0.40 g; p=0.038). Growth inhibition is significantly more evident when the drugs dosages are increased (Group 5: 0.17 g Vs Group 1: 0.40 g; p=0.024). Conclusions: The simultaneous administration of Bicalutamide and Raloxifene appears to have a synergistic effect on tumor growth inhibition in PC3 xenografts. The pathway(s) responsible for this observation may be independent of the androgen receptor as PC3 cells are AR negative and still affected by the combination over the drugs administered alone. Research is warranted to identify these potential pathways.

scholarly journals In-Vivo Study of Green Synthesised Gold Nanoparticles on Inflammatory Cytokines as Diagnostic Biomarker in Acetaminophen Induced Immunotoxicity in Rat Model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mousumi Mitra ◽  
Sudeep Mitra ◽  
Dilip Kumar Nandi
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Day Treatment ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Surface Reactivity ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2

Abstract Nanomedicines are widely used as possible therapeutics and diagnostics for wide variety of diseases. It have been used for successful delivery of hydrophilic and hydrophobic small molecules drugs, and biomacromolecules, such as enzymes, recombinant proteins, peptides, hormones, monoclonal antibodies and also used for the delivery of nucleic acids of different sizes and structures.Gold nanoparticles possess promising ameliorative effects due to their distinctive properties such as high surface reactivity, biocompatibility, flexibility in functionalization and a broad range of delivery targets. This study was designed to investigate the protective effect of green synthesised gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) using aqueous bark extract of Terminaliaarjunaon acetaminophen induced immunotoxicityin the experimental rat model.Group1- Control group; Group 2- Acetaminophen administered intraperitoneally at concentration of 500mg /kg of body weight for 14 days; Group 3- Co-administration of Terminaliaarjuna aqueous bark extract (175µg/kg/day) along with acetaminophen (500mg/kg/day) treatment for 14 days; Group 4- Co-administration of AuNPs (175µg/kg/day) along with acetaminophen treatment (500mg/kg/day) intraperitoneally for 14 days. After 14 days all animals were sacrificed for the immunological analysis.Immunological analysis revealed that there was significant decrease in the IL-10 level with acetaminophen treatment but marked increase in the KIM-1, Cystatin C, TNF-alpha and, IL-18 level.After co-administration with AuNPs along with acetaminophen showed effective significant recovery in theexpression of inflammatory biomarkers. Hence, the results highlighted on the protective effectsAuNPs against acetaminophen inducedimmunotoxity.

scholarly journals The Efficacy of Sauropus androgynus Leaves Extract To Improve Cognitive Function in Wistar Rats Induced Alzheimer’s

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 35-44
Author(s):  
Rachmat Hidayat ◽  
Raden Ayu Adelia Safitri ◽  
Tungki Pratama Umar ◽  
Arindi Maretzka
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Amyloid Formation ◽  
Alzheimer Dementia ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Background Sauropus androgynus leaves is the substance which has the potency to prevent degenerative processes. Sauropus androgynus leaves has flavonoid as the main component. Flavonoid has antioxidant and anti neuro-inflammation that can be used to prevent Alzheimer dementia. Research purpose is knowing the effect of Sauropus androgynus leaves for the cognitive function and β-amyloid expression in the hippocampus of wistar rats. Methods Reseacrh was done by in vivo method, where male wistar rats (n=24) were distributed to six groups which consisting of four rats. Group 1: Normal control, group 2: positive control, group 3: standard treatment (B12 vitamin), group 4, 5 and 6 were give Sauropus androgynus leaves extract with the dose of 75 mg/kgBB, 150 mg/kgBB and 300 mg/kgBB, respectively for 28 days. Cognitive function was evaluated by t-maze test, where hippocampal β-amyloid expression was tested by immunohistochemistry. Results Time differences (day 0-28), alternation ratio distinction (day 0-28) and β-amiloid expression were: group 1 (1,84 second; 0,23 unit; 0,518%), group 2 (56,78 second; -0,42 unit; 40,036%), group 3 (34,46 second; -0,25 unit; 33,08%), group 4 (32,83  second; -0,09 unit; 28,88%), group 5 (-3,91 second; 0,42 unit; 14,728%), group 6 (24,25 second; 0,42 unit; 9,4%). Conclusion Sauropus androgynus leaves extract at the dose of 150 mg/kgBB and 300 mg/kgBB can maintain cognitive function by decreasing hippocampal β-amyloid formation.

In-vivo evaluation of the effect of cyanoacrylate on prosthetic vascular graft infection – does cyanoacrylate increase the severity of infection?

VASA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 281-284
Author(s):  
Atıf Yolgosteren ◽  
Gencehan Kumtepe ◽  
Melda Payaslioglu ◽  
Cuneyt Ozakin
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Graft ◽  
Graft Infection ◽  
Vascular Graft Infection ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Prosthetic Vascular Graft Infection ◽  
Group 1

Summary. Background: Prosthetic vascular graft infection (PVGI) is a complication with high mortality. Cyanoacrylate (CA) is an adhesive which has been used in a number of surgical procedures. In this in-vivo study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between PVGI and CA. Materials and methods: Thirty-two rats were equally divided into four groups. Pouch was formed on back of rats until deep fascia. In group 1, vascular graft with polyethyleneterephthalate (PET) was placed into pouch. In group 2, MRSA strain with a density of 1 ml 0.5 MacFarland was injected into pouch. In group 3, 1 cm 2 vascular graft with PET piece was placed into pouch and MRSA strain with a density of 1 ml 0.5 MacFarland was injected. In group 4, 1 cm 2 vascular graft with PET piece impregnated with N-butyl cyanoacrylate-based adhesive was placed and MRSA strain with a density of 1 ml 0.5 MacFarland was injected. All rats were scarified in 96th hour, culture samples were taken where intervention was performed and were evaluated microbiologically. Bacteria reproducing in each group were numerically evaluated based on colony-forming unit (CFU/ml) and compared by taking their average. Results: MRSA reproduction of 0 CFU/ml in group 1, of 1410 CFU/ml in group 2, of 180 200 CFU/ml in group 3 and of 625 300 CFU/ml in group 4 was present. A statistically significant difference was present between group 1 and group 4 (p < 0.01), between group 2 and group 4 (p < 0.01), between group 3 and group 4 (p < 0.05). In terms of reproduction, no statistically significant difference was found in group 1, group 2, group 3 in themselves. Conclusions: We observed that the rate of infection increased in the cyanoacyrylate group where cyanoacrylate was used. We think that surgeon should be more careful in using CA in vascular surgery.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Effect of MnTE-2-PyP on Lung in Asthma Mice Model

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyudmil Terziev ◽  
Violeta Dancheva ◽  
Veneta Shopova ◽  
Galya Stavreva
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mice Model ◽  
Antioxidant Defence ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Antioxidant Defence System ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Aim. To investigate the effects of MnTE-2-PyP on some markers of antioxidant defence system in asthma mice model.Material and Methods. The animals were divided into four groups: group 1, controls; group 2, injected with ovalbumin, group 3, treated with MnTE-2-PyP, and group 4, treated with ovalbumin and MnTE-2-PyP. The activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and nonprotein sulfhydryl groups content (NPSH) were determined in lung homogenate.Results. The activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase in group 2 decreased significantly as compared to control group. The decrease of the same enzymes in group 4 was lower and significant as compared to group 2. Changes in the glutathione peroxidase activity showed a similar dynamics. The NPSH groups content decreased in group 2. In group 4 this decrease was relatively lower as compared to group 2.Conclusions. The application of MnTE-2-PyP mitigated the effects of oxidative stress in asthma mice model.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of medical treatment in overcoming the ureteral double-J stent related symptoms

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ugur Kuyumcuoglu ◽  
Bilal Eryildirim ◽  
Murat Tuncer ◽  
Gokhan Faydaci ◽  
Fatih Tarhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Double J Stent ◽  
Urinary Tract Symptoms ◽  
Stone Treatment ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2

Background: We investigated whether the frequency of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) increased in patients in whom double-J stents were applied. We also evaluated several medical therapy protocols to treat symptoms related with ureteral stents.Materials and Methods: A total of 108 patients, in whom unilateral double-j stent was applied during ureteral stone treatment, were included. Before the double-J stent was applied, all patients completed storage components of the “International Prostate Symptom Score” (IPSSs), quality of life components of the IPSS (IPSS-QOL) and “Overactive Bladder Questionnaire” (OABq) forms and scores were calculated. After the procedure, cases were randomized into 5 groups, an antiinflammatory was given to Group 1, spasmolytic to Group 2, anticholinergic to Group 3 and α-blocker to Group 4. No additional drug was given to Group 5 as this control group. During the fourth week of the procedure, IPSSs, IPSS-QOL and OABq forms were again completed and scores were compared with the previous ones.Results: When all the cases were evaluated, the IPSSs, IPSS-QOLand OABq scores of patients in whom the double-J stent was applied were statistically significantly higher the procedure. Compared to the control group, the cases where the double-J stent was applied showed a higher IPSSs, IPSS-QOL and OABq scores and none of the medical therapies could prevent this increase.Interpretation: The frequency of LUTS increased in cases where the ureteral stent was applied and discomfort continued as long as the stent stayed in the body.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Monoklonal Antibodi Bovine Zona Pelusida 3 (bZP3) terhadap Diameter dan Atresia Folikel Ovarium Mencit (Mus musculus)

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Annisa Trissatharra ◽  
Sri Ratna Dwiningsih ◽  
Ratna Sofaria Munir
Keyword(s):  
Mus Musculus ◽  
Ovarian Follicles ◽  
Observation Time ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Objectives: To identify the effect of monoclonal antibody bZP3 at ovarian follicles that undergo atresia and diameter of various ovarian follicles.Materials and Methods: This is a true experimental research with post only control group design. Samples were 36 female mices (Mus musculus) which is divided into 6 groups, there are 3 control groups (group 1, 2, and 3) injected by Phospatase Buffer Saline (PBS) 50µl and 3 treatment groups (group 4, 5, and 6) injected by Mab bZP3 50µl. Group 1 and 4 terminated at 5th day, group 2 and 5 terminated at 10th day, and group 3 and 6 terminated at 20th day. Evaluation of atretic ovarian follicles and diameter of ovarian follicles performed by hematoxylin eosin (HE) and the data processed by parametric statistic.Results: There are no significant in different among groups in the aspect of atretic follicles and diameter of folicles (p>0.05), but descriptively, number of follicles undergo atresia of the follicle primary, secondary, and tertiary treatment group was higher than the control group, except on the 20th day of observation time.Conclusion: administration of Mab bZP3 had no effect to amount of atretic follicles and diameter of folicles during observation time.

scholarly journals Zingerone Ameliorates Hepatotoxicity

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 280-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julietpoornamathy J ◽  
Parameswari C.S.
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Toxic Compounds ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Group 1

In medical sciences, toxicity is an area wherein extensive studies have been carried to improve the diseases as well as to prevent. So, there is a high requirement for novel and improved alternative therapeutic strategies to manage diseases. The liver is the largest gland in the body, which executes several important mechanisms; it stores minerals and vitamins and releases them in periods of need. The main aim of this study was to give a closer insight into potent non- toxic compounds that is capable of modifying the responses. Animals were divided into five equal groups viz control (Group 1), administered with food and water ad libitum, (Group 2) administered with olive oil, (Group 3) administered with zingerone, (Group 4) administered with concanavalin A, (Group 5) administered with cyclosporine A followed by zingerone. Our results revealed significant changes in liver marker enzymes and liver histology of zingerone treated rats when compared to control rats.  A corollary, zingerone has no toxic effect on hepatocytes and was found to be safe at a dose of 10mg/kg b wt and also ameliorates hepatotoxicity.

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