scholarly journals Восстановление автономий репрессированных народов Калмыкии и Северного Кавказа в конце 1950-х гг. и проблема реабилитации: дискуссионные вопросы в современной российской историографии

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-86
Author(s):  
Evgeniy A. Gunaev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Federal Government ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
General Context ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
Main Question ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
History Of ◽  
Southern Russia ◽  
Critical Notes

Introduction. The late 1950s restoration of autonomies for the repressed peoples is an important era in the history of those ethnic statehoods. Still, even over 60 years thereafter quite a number of issues remain essentially problematic. And the main question is as follows: Can one interpret the late 1950s restoration of autonomies for the repressed peoples of Southern Russia as a rehabilitation? Materials and Methods. The study analyzes a number of scholarly Russian historiographical publications examining the mentioned period, and employs the historical genetic and historical legal methods. Results. The article considers a range of problematic issues, such as substantial features of ‘rehabilitation’ for repressed peoples in the Soviet era, political and historical essentials of the process, general issues of periodization of the rehabilitation (including that of the Soviet era), debating aspects of the phenomenon in respect to the restoration of autonomies, contemporary political and legal aspects related to the Soviet restoration of South Russia’s ethnic autonomies. Conclusions. In Russian historiography, there is a consensus as to the identification of the period of the restoration of autonomies for the repressed peoples as a rehabilitation, though incomplete one. The paper shows observation of the principle of historicism presupposes this period be viewed in a general context of the whole Soviet era that witnessed the rehabilitation of repressed peoples pinnacled with the rehabilitation decrees of perestroika. Since 1992 there emerged a new — Russian — stage of the rehabilitation. As for critical notes on outdated norms of the RSFSR Law On the Rehabilitation of Repressed Peoples, it seems evident that the agenda of its complete implementation was never actualized by federal government agencies since the mid-1990s. It is possible that another law be created in future to comprise the rehabilitation experiences of the Soviets, including that of the initial stage from the late 1950s. This would require explicit political and legal assessments of the repressed peoples’ rehabilitation in a historical perspective.

Strategy of the White Army on the Southern Front in A. I. Denikin’s ‘Defamation of the White Movement’

2018 ◽  
pp. 260-272
Author(s):  
Konstantin N. Kurkov ◽  
◽  
Alexander V. Melnichuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
The South ◽  
Strategic Issues ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Black Sea Coast ◽  
History Of ◽  
Southern Russia

The article studies A. I. Denikin's interpretation of military strategic issues of the Civil War in the South of Russia as presented in his manuscript ‘Defamation of the White Movement,’ which is being introduced into scientific use by the authors. It analyses military aspects of A. I. Denikin’s activities, which had been widely debated by the White emigration. One of the main issues in studying the history of the Civil War is formation and battles of the Volunteer Army at the initial stage of the Civil War, strategy of its commanders, and causes of its subsequent defeat and retreat. In his work A. I. Denikin addressed such important issues as strategy of the White leaders when the Movement emerged and the Volunteer Army was formed and later transformed into the Armed Forces of South Russia. He pointed out reasons behind selection of the direction of attack during the First Kuban Campaign, among them expectations of the Don Cossacks uprising. He assessed the validity of assumption that German occupation forces might have supported Bolsheviks. This last point was particularly significant, as German command did not want a revival of independent Russian national armed forces, and wished to prevent the creation of a United White Front against Bolsheviks, their proteges and allies. Offensive in the direction of Kuban aimed to access the Black Sea coast, where the White army could secure much-needed assistance of the Entente. In the South of Russia, on the Don and the Kuban, there was much opposition to the Russian communism and manpower needed by and ultimately supporting Denikin’s army. Finally, A. I. Denikin devoted some (although insufficient) pages to the famous Moscow Campaign, which holds its special place in the history of the Civil War in the South of Russia. The authors compare content of A. I. Denikin’s work with data on main strategic operations of the armed forces of Southern Russia available to contemporary historical science. They argue that A. I. Denikin convincingly refuted erroneous conclusions and speculation of his opponents, widespread in the Russian emigre community. Accurate and succinct characterization of the events, given from the perspective of an eyewitness and an active participant, makes up the bulk of the ‘Defamation of the White Movement,’ which may be of interest not only to scholars, but to all interested in the national history.

Article V Conventions and American Federalism: Contemporary Politics in Historical Perspective

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 515-539
Author(s):  
Patrick M Condray ◽  
Timothy J Conlan
Keyword(s):  
Federal Government ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Federal System ◽  
Constitutional Amendments ◽  
Contemporary Politics ◽  
History Of ◽  
American Federalism ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Historical Practice

AbstractThis article examines the federalism implications of state-initiated calls for an Article V convention. Article V of the U.S. Constitution allows two-thirds of the states to call for a convention to consider one or more Constitutional amendments. This article explores the framers’ intent in adding this provision to the Constitution, the history of state efforts to call an Article V convention, and the politics of contemporary efforts to promote such a convention. It utilizes a unique database of 354 state calls for an Article V convention to analyze the evolving politics of this constitutional mechanism. It argues that recent state efforts to promote an Article V convention mirror some historical patterns, particularly the focus on limiting federal government powers in some way. At the same time, Article V initiatives since 2010 diverge from historical practice in their exceedingly partisan nature, which may alter their implications for the federal system.

scholarly journals Batyushkov’s “arrogance” (On Mandelstam’s poem “No, not the moon, but a bright clock-face...”)

Literary Fact ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 283-295
Author(s):  
Mark Altschuller
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
General Context ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Silver Age ◽  
World Outlook ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Interpretation

The article clarifies the possible sources of Osip Mandelstam’s poem “No, not the moon, but a bright clock-face...” (1912, first published 1913). A new interpretation of references to K. Batyushkov, which more than once attracted the attention of poet’s contemporaries and modern researchers, is proposed. According to the author of the article, Mandelstam, theoretically asserting the “thingness” (even super-lightness, quintessence of thingness) of surrounding world as the very essence of poetry, enters into a consistent debate with the mad poet, and through Batyushkov — with Symbolism as a certain world outlook and the artistic system reflecting it. The poem sets a contrast between the phenomena of life that live in real time of the shaky eternity of Symbolism, which fits into the general context of the book “Stone”. As a result of a detailed analysis, it is concluded that Mandelstam’s little poem “No, not the moon...” played a significant role in the history of Russian poetry. At the very initial stage, it reflected the opposition (struggle) of two most important poetic systems of the Silver Age — Symbolism and Acmeism.

Economic Views of L. Trotsky

2004 ◽  
pp. 142-157
Author(s):  
M. Voeikov ◽  
S. Dzarasov
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Russian Revolution ◽  
Russian History ◽  
History Of

The paper written in the light of 125th birth anniversary of L. Trotsky analyzes the life and ideas of one of the most prominent figures in the Russian history of the 20th century. He was one of the leaders of the Russian revolution in its Bolshevik period, worked with V. Lenin and played a significant role in the Civil War. Rejected by the party bureaucracy L. Trotsky led uncompromising struggle against Stalinism, defending his own understanding of the revolutionary ideals. The authors try to explain these events in historical perspective, avoiding biases of both Stalinism and anticommunism.

‘The Stuff of Slow Constitution’: Reading Down Syndrome for Race, Disability, and the Timing that Makes Them So

Somatechnics ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mel Y. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Trisomy 21 ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Early History ◽  
Present Moment ◽  
History Of ◽  
Living Being

In this paper I would like to bring into historical perspective the interrelation of several notions such as race and disability, which at the present moment seem to risk, especially in the fixing language of diversity, being institutionalised as orthogonal in nature to one another rather than co-constitutive. I bring these notions into historical clarity primarily through the early history of what is today known as Down Syndrome or Trisomy 21, but in 1866 was given the name ‘mongoloid idiocy’ by English physician John Langdon Down. In order to examine the complexity of these notions, I explore the idea of ‘slow’ populations in development, the idea of a material(ist) constitution of a living being, the ‘fit’ or aptness of environmental biochemistries broadly construed, and, finally, the germinal interarticulation of race and disability – an ensemble that continues to commutatively enflesh each of these notions in their turn.

BIOETHICAL AND LEGAL ASPECTS OF THE USE OF ANIMALS FOR SCIENTIFIC PURPOSES

2020 ◽  
pp. 10-15
Author(s):  
D. A. Lebedeva ◽  
Yu. A. Shcheglov
Keyword(s):  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Modern Concept ◽  
Member States ◽  
Ethical Attitude ◽  
Eu Directive ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Bioethics ◽  
The Eu

This work scrutinizes modern bioethical concepts of the use of animals for scientific purposes, as well as legal aspects of its use. Initially, the authors present a brief excursion into the history of bioethics and then focus on the modern concept of ethical attitude to the animals used for scientific purposes. The authors analyze the EU Directive on the protection of animals used for scientific purposes, as well as the EAEU acts and by-laws of the EAEU member states, and conclude that it is necessary to adopt a supranational act within the EAEU that will regulate the use of animals for scientific purposes in accordance with the principles of reduction, replacement and refinement.

THE FIRST WISCONSIN ACCOUNTANCY BILL: AN HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE

1998 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-128
Author(s):  
Joann Noe Cross
Keyword(s):  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Documentary History ◽  
History Of ◽  
La Follette

Wisconsin's first attempt to pass legislation certifying accountants occurred in 1901, the beginning of the La Follette era. Overwhelmed by the issues of the day, this first bill died and another was not introduced until the incorporation of the Wisconsin Association of Accountants in 1905. Subsequent legislation failed to pass each year until 1913 when a bill was finally signed by Governor Francis McGovern. The details of these efforts hint at political rivalries and professional dedication. This paper attempts to relate not only the documentary history of these bills, but also to convey a sense of the underlying debates.

scholarly journals Medical Education From a Theory–Practice–Philosophy Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 237428952110102
Author(s):  
Susan A. Kirch ◽  
Moshe J. Sadofsky
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Medical Education ◽  
Curriculum Design ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Curriculum And Instruction ◽  
Medical Curriculum ◽  
Educational Theory ◽  
The United States ◽  
History Of ◽  
How People Learn

Medical schooling, at least as structured in the United States and Canada, is commonly assembled intuitively or empirically to meet concrete goals. Despite a long history of scholarship in educational theory to address how people learn, this is rarely examined during medical curriculum design. We provide a historical perspective on educational theory–practice–philosophy and a tool to aid faculty in learning how to identify and use theory–practice–philosophy for the design of curriculum and instruction.

scholarly journals Cleft lip: The historical perspective

2009 ◽  
Vol 42 (S 01) ◽  
pp. S4-S8
Author(s):  
S. Bhattacharya ◽  
V. Khanna ◽  
R. Kohli
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Wedge Resection ◽  
Surgical Correction ◽  
Bilateral Cleft Lip ◽  
History Of ◽  
Evil Spirits ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Two Sides

ABSTRACTThe earliest documented history of cleft lip is based on a combination of religion, superstition, invention and charlatanism. While Greeks ignored their existence, Spartans and Romans would kill these children as they were considered to harbour evil spirits. When saner senses prevailed Fabricius ab Aquapendente (1537–1619) was the first to suggest the embryological basis of these clefts. The knowledge of cleft lip and the surgical correction received a big boost during the period between the Renaissance and the 19th century with the publication of Pierre Franco's Petit Traité and Traité des Hernies in which he described the condition as “lièvre fendu de nativitè” (cleft lip present from birth). The first documented Cleft lip surgery is from China in 390 BC in an 18 year old would be soldier, Wey Young-Chi. Albucasis of Arabia and his fellow surgeons used the cautery instead of the scalpel and Yperman in 1854 recommended scarifying the margins with a scalpel before suturing them with a triangular needle dipped in wax. The repair was reinforced by passing a long needle through the two sides of the lip and fixing the shaft of the needle with a figure-of-eight thread over the lip. Germanicus Mirault can be credited to be the originator of the triangular flap which was later modified by C.W. Tennison in 1952 and Peter Randall in 1959. In the late 50s, Ralph Millard gave us his legendary ‘cut as you go’ technique. The protruding premaxilla of a bilateral cleft lip too has seen many changes throughout the ages OE from being discarded totally to being pushed back by wedge resection of vomer to finally being left to the orthodontists.

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