Science in the Federal Government: A History of Policies and Activities to 1940.A. Hunter Dupree

1958 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 544-544
Author(s):  
Bernard Barber
Keyword(s):  
Federal Government ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals Strained intergovernmental relations, jurisdictional complexity, and political posturing : the federal government's intervention in the development of Toronto's central waterfront through the Harbourfront Corporation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jill Valentina Sonego
Keyword(s):  
Federal Government ◽  
Intergovernmental Relations ◽  
Urban Affairs ◽  
History Of ◽  
Waterfront Redevelopment ◽  
The Creation

This paper explores the role that the federal government has played in the development of Toronto's central waterfront. Specifically, it focuses on the role and operation of the Harbourfront Corporation, a federally-owned organization that was charged with orchestrating the redevelopment of the central waterfront. This paper provides a brief history of Toronto's waterfront and an overview of the roles of the levels of government in Canada with respect to urban affairs and waterfront redevelopment. It analyzes the creation, operation, and dismantlement of the Harbourfront Corporation, with special attention paid to the organization's objectives, relations with other levels of government, and contributions to the waterfront. Finally, it outlines some lessons to be learned from the Harbourfront project.

scholarly journals Восстановление автономий репрессированных народов Калмыкии и Северного Кавказа в конце 1950-х гг. и проблема реабилитации: дискуссионные вопросы в современной российской историографии

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-86
Author(s):  
Evgeniy A. Gunaev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Federal Government ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
General Context ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
Main Question ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
History Of ◽  
Southern Russia ◽  
Critical Notes

Introduction. The late 1950s restoration of autonomies for the repressed peoples is an important era in the history of those ethnic statehoods. Still, even over 60 years thereafter quite a number of issues remain essentially problematic. And the main question is as follows: Can one interpret the late 1950s restoration of autonomies for the repressed peoples of Southern Russia as a rehabilitation? Materials and Methods. The study analyzes a number of scholarly Russian historiographical publications examining the mentioned period, and employs the historical genetic and historical legal methods. Results. The article considers a range of problematic issues, such as substantial features of ‘rehabilitation’ for repressed peoples in the Soviet era, political and historical essentials of the process, general issues of periodization of the rehabilitation (including that of the Soviet era), debating aspects of the phenomenon in respect to the restoration of autonomies, contemporary political and legal aspects related to the Soviet restoration of South Russia’s ethnic autonomies. Conclusions. In Russian historiography, there is a consensus as to the identification of the period of the restoration of autonomies for the repressed peoples as a rehabilitation, though incomplete one. The paper shows observation of the principle of historicism presupposes this period be viewed in a general context of the whole Soviet era that witnessed the rehabilitation of repressed peoples pinnacled with the rehabilitation decrees of perestroika. Since 1992 there emerged a new — Russian — stage of the rehabilitation. As for critical notes on outdated norms of the RSFSR Law On the Rehabilitation of Repressed Peoples, it seems evident that the agenda of its complete implementation was never actualized by federal government agencies since the mid-1990s. It is possible that another law be created in future to comprise the rehabilitation experiences of the Soviets, including that of the initial stage from the late 1950s. This would require explicit political and legal assessments of the repressed peoples’ rehabilitation in a historical perspective.

A Shared History of Successes and Excesses

2019 ◽  
pp. 39-75
Author(s):  
Damien Van Puyvelde
Keyword(s):  
Federal Government ◽  
The United States ◽  
Intelligence Community ◽  
Deep Roots ◽  
Shared History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Large Period ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter provides an in-depth account of the relationship between the U.S. intelligence apparatus and its private outriders, from the earliest days of the Republic to the end of the Cold War. Covering such a large period sheds light on the deep roots, the broad evolution, and the multiple opportunities and risks accompanying intelligence outsourcing. In the United States, the legitimacy of the federal government has always been entwined with the private sector and this is related to the values underpinning American political culture. As a result, the private intelligence industry continued to thrive, deepen and diversify its involvement in national security affairs when the federal government established itself more firmly in this realm. The institutionalization of intelligence in the twentieth century was accompanied by the diversification and formalisation of the ties between the intelligence community and its contractors. Contractors and their government sponsors share the responsibility for some of the greatest achievements and controversies in U.S. intelligence history, from the success of the U2 spy plane to the excesses of Project MKUltra. The history of U.S. intelligence is characterized by successive movements of expansion and regulation through which outsourcing and accountability have become increasingly intertwined.

Open Universities Australia

2013 ◽  
pp. 83-98
Author(s):  
Michael Crock ◽  
Janet Baker ◽  
Skye Turner-Walker
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Open Access ◽  
Federal Government ◽  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Student Loans ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Future Plans

This chapter analyses the history of, and future directions for, higher education studies undertaken through Open Universities Australia (OUA), Australia’s unique higher education conduit. Founded to provide open access to units that allow individuals to undertake individual units or achieve qualifications from leading Australian universities, and supported by a federal government student loans scheme, OUA’s experience and future plans provide significant insight into the potential and pitfalls of the technological innovation in both higher education distance, and increasingly, on-campus, teaching and learning. The need for an ongoing emphasis on innovation, adaptability, and cooperation in an extraordinarily rapidly changing environment is highlighted.

Open Universities Australia

2015 ◽  
pp. 320-335
Author(s):  
Michael Crock ◽  
Janet Baker ◽  
Skye Turner-Walker
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Open Access ◽  
Federal Government ◽  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Student Loans ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Future Plans

This chapter analyses the history of, and future directions for, higher education studies undertaken through Open Universities Australia (OUA), Australia's unique higher education conduit. Founded to provide open access to units that allow individuals to undertake individual units or achieve qualifications from leading Australian universities, and supported by a federal government student loans scheme, OUA's experience and future plans provide significant insight into the potential and pitfalls of the technological innovation in both higher education distance, and increasingly, on-campus, teaching and learning. The need for an ongoing emphasis on innovation, adaptability, and cooperation in an extraordinarily rapidly changing environment is highlighted.

Mormons Study “Abroad“: Brigham Young's Romance with American Higher Education, 1867-1877

2007 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 778-798 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas W. Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
North America ◽  
Study Abroad ◽  
Public Relations ◽  
Federal Government ◽  
Latter Day Saints ◽  
Self Disclosure ◽  
American Higher Education ◽  
History Of ◽  
Important Sign

Because Mormons could never fully realize their separatist dreams of a visible Zion in North America, the history of Mormonism has involved highly complex contacts and negotiations with non-Mormons. In their attempts to convert, resist, or appease outsiders, Mormons have engaged in a distinctive dialectic of secrecy and self-disclosure, of esoteric rites and public relations. The result has been an extended process of controlled modernization.Narratives of this process have focused on the 1890 “Manifesto” of LDS President and Prophet Wilford Woodruff, the momentous declaration that Latter-day Saints must cease to contract plural marriages. The Manifesto put an end to the intense federal persecution of the 1880s, when government agents imprisoned or exiled husbands of plural wives, confiscated Mormon assets, abolished Utah women's right to vote, and secularized Mormon schools. President Woodruff's truce with the federal government brought Mormons a relative peace and an important sign of acceptance: the granting of statehood to Utah in 1896.

Does Canada need trade adjustment assistance?

2017 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitry Lysenko ◽  
Lisa Mills ◽  
Saul Schwartz
Keyword(s):  
Federal Government ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Trade Agreement ◽  
Trade Agreements ◽  
Policy Area ◽  
Trade Adjustment Assistance ◽  
Government Aid ◽  
Canadian Federalism ◽  
Trade Adjustment ◽  
History Of

Trade adjustment assistance (TAA) is government aid to those affected by trade agreements. We review the history of TAA in Canada and ask whether Canada needs to reintroduce it in response to the recent intensification of trade negotiations. In light of the compensation offered by the federal government in connection with the Canada–European Union Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA), we examine how TAA fits in with the evolution of Canadian federalism in the trade policy area. Based in part on interviews with provincial trade negotiators, we conclude, first, that the compensation is an outcome of Canadian federalism. Second, we argue that while there is no reason to reintroduce a federal TAA program for workers, compensation for provinces is necessary to facilitate their cooperation with the implementation of trade treaty provisions. Third, we suggest that a more transparent rationale for such compensation would be superior to the ad hoc compensation observed in CETA.

History of Testing in the United States: PK–12 Education

2019 ◽  
Vol 683 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maris A. Vinovskis
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
No Child Left Behind ◽  
Federal Government ◽  
The United States ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
National Education ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
K 12

This article provides a brief history of K–12 education testing in the United States from colonial America to the present. In early America, students were examined orally. After the mid-nineteenth century, written tests replaced oral presentations. In the late nineteenth century, graded schools gradually replaced the single-teacher, one-room schools. In the beginning of the twentieth century, standardized intelligence tests were increasingly used to categorize and promote students. State departments of education have played a larger role in local school funding and policies in the past hundred years. Since the 1960s, the federal government has expanded its involvement in national education while also promoting the role of states. During the past three decades, the federal government and states increased the use of high-stakes national testing with initiatives such as America 2000, Goals 2000, No Child Left Behind, and Every Student Succeeds.

Federation and the History of the Administration of Indigenous Affairs in Canada, the United States, and Australia: New Insights through a Transnational Approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-53
Author(s):  
Ted Binnema
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North America ◽  
Federal Government ◽  
Previous History ◽  
The United States ◽  
Federal States ◽  
British North America ◽  
Exclusive Jurisdiction ◽  
History Of ◽  
State Relations

The importance of decisions regarding the allocation of jurisdiction over Indigenous affairs in federal states can only be understood well when studied transnationally and comparatively. Historians of Canada appear never to have considered the significance of the fact that the British North America Act (1867) gave the Canadian federal government exclusive jurisdiction over Indian affairs, even though that stipulation is unique among the constitutional documents of comparable federal states (the United States and Australia). This article explains that the constitutional provisions in Canada, the United States, and Australia are a product of the previous history of indigenous-state relations in each location, but also profoundly affected subsequent developments in each of those countries. Despite stark differences, the similar and parallel developments also hint at trends that influenced all three countries.

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