scholarly journals De la supresión al manejo del fuego en la Reserva de la Biosfera La Sepultura, Chiapas: perspectivas campesinas

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (70) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alonso Gutiérrez Navarro ◽  
Luis Enrique Garcìa Barrios ◽  
Manuel Parra Vázquez ◽  
Peter Rosset
Keyword(s):  
Political Ecology ◽  
Adaptive Capacity ◽  
Fire Management ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Fire Suppression ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Environmental Policies ◽  
Natural Areas ◽  
Protected Natural Areas ◽  
Conservation Model

Las políticas sobre el combate de incendios dentro de áreas naturales protegidas han transitado de un enfoque de supresión a uno de manejo del fuego, lo que ha tenido consecuencias para las prácticas y las perspectivas de las poblaciones campesinas. En el estudio la pregunta es cómo la regulación, la restricción y la prohibición del uso y el manejo del fuego, cuyo objetivo es la conservación, confronta, trasforma o criminaliza dichas prácticas en las parcelas. Desde la ecología política se analiza la institucionalización del discurso del fuego en la Reserva de la Biosfera La Sepultura, en Chiapas. Por medio de entrevistas, encuestas y observación participante se reconstruye la modificación de las prácticas y de las perspectivas campesinas en la zona. Los resultados muestran que existe un cambio diferencial en el uso y la percepción del fuego, lo cual refiere a una capacidad adaptativa, junto a una especie de “clientelismo ambiental”, como respuesta a las políticas ambientales del gobierno. Las conclusiones apuntan a conocer la forma en que los habitantes de las áreas naturales protegidas están respondiendo al modelo de conservación neoliberal implementado en el país. From fire suppression to fire management in La Sepultura Biosphere Reserve in Chiapas: peasant perspectivesPolicies on firefighting within protected natural areas have shifted from a suppression approach to one of fire management, which has had consequences for the practices and perspectives of peasant populations. The study poses the question of how regulation, restriction and prohibition on the use and management of fire, whose objective is conservation, confront, transform or criminalize these practices in the parcels. From a political ecology perspective, the institutionalization of the discourse of fire in the La Sepultura Biosphere Reserve in Chiapas is analyzed. Through interviews, surveys and participant observation, modification of practices and peasant perspectives in the area is reconstructed. The results show that there is a differential change in the use and perception of fire, which refers to an adaptive capacity along with a sort of “environmental clientelism,” as a response to governmental environmental policies. The conclusions allow to know the way in which the inhabitants of the protected natural areas are responding to the neoliberal conservation model implemented in the country.

scholarly journals Facilitating Prescribed Fire in Northern California through Indigenous Governance and Interagency Partnerships

Fire ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Tony Marks-Block ◽  
William Tripp
Keyword(s):  
Political Ecology ◽  
Prescribed Fire ◽  
Prescribed Burning ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Fire Suppression ◽  
The United States ◽  
Northern California ◽  
Prescribed Burn ◽  
California Department ◽  
State Regulations

Prescribed burning by Indigenous people was once ubiquitous throughout California. Settler colonialism brought immense investments in fire suppression by the United States Forest Service and the California Department of Forestry and Fire Prevention (CAL FIRE) to protect timber and structures, effectively limiting prescribed burning in California. Despite this, fire-dependent American Indian communities such as the Karuk and Yurok peoples, stalwartly advocate for expanding prescribed burning as a part of their efforts to revitalize their culture and sovereignty. To examine the political ecology of prescribed burning in Northern California, we coupled participant observation of prescribed burning in Karuk and Yurok territories (2015–2019) with 75 surveys and 18 interviews with Indigenous and non-Indigenous fire managers to identify political structures and material conditions that facilitate and constrain prescribed fire expansion. Managers report that interagency partnerships have provided supplemental funding and personnel to enable burning, and that decentralized prescribed burn associations facilitate prescribed fire. However, land dispossession and centralized state regulations undermine Indigenous and local fire governance. Excessive investment in suppression and the underfunding of prescribed fire produces a scarcity of personnel to implement and plan burns. Where Tribes and local communities have established burning infrastructure, authorities should consider the devolution of decision-making and land repatriation to accelerate prescribed fire expansion.

Protected Natural Areas of South Vietnam – Dong Nai Biosphere Reserve

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-200
Author(s):  
Nguyen Van Thinh ◽  
◽  
Alla A. Okolelova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Natural Areas ◽  
South Vietnam ◽  
Protected Natural Areas

scholarly journals REGISTROS NOTABLES DE MAMÍFEROS PARA LA RESERVA DE LA BIÓSFERA SIERRA GORDA DE GUANAJUATO, MÉXICO

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Oscar Sosa-Guerrero ◽  
José I. Campos-Rodríguez ◽  
Xhail Flores-Leyva ◽  
Paola Yáñez-López ◽  
Leticia A. Mora-Villa
Keyword(s):  
Puma Concolor ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Distribution Range ◽  
Lynx Rufus ◽  
Range Extension ◽  
Natural Areas ◽  
Nasua Narica ◽  
Protected Natural Areas ◽  
Present Distribution

ABSTRACTWe present distribution range extentions for five species of mammals from the Sierra Gorda de Guanajuato Biosphere Reserve in state of Guanajuato, Mexico. These are two felids: Lynx rufus and Puma concolor, as well as the western speckled skunk Spilogale gracilis, the peccari Dicotyles crassus, and the coati Nasua narica. The presence of these records reflects the importance of the Sierra Gorda de Guanajuato Biosphere Reserve as one of the main protected natural areas of Guanajuato, Mexico, since this area constitutes a natural bridge between species of neartic and neotropical affinity. This type of study reaffirms the need to continue conducting regional and local biological inventories in Mexico.Key words: Range extensión, camera-traps, Victoria, Guanajuato, biological corridor.Palabras clave: Distribución, cámaras trampa, Victoria, Guanajuato, corredores biológicos.

scholarly journals SIMULATION OF SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF RARE SPECIES IN PROTECTED NATURAL AREAS (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE CENTRAL FOREST RESERVE, RUSSIA)

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Anatoly Istomin ◽  
Sergey Mikhalap
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Habitat Suitability ◽  
Rare Species ◽  
Vegetation Type ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Entropy Method ◽  
Natural Areas ◽  
Forest Reserve ◽  
Integral Characteristics ◽  
Protected Natural Areas

An important task of modern ecology is the modeling of the spatial distribution of organisms. Of particular relevance is the modeling of the distribution of rare species in protected natural areas. The paper discusses the main stages and presents the results of modeling the habitat suitability of the Central Forest State Nature Biosphere Reserve (Russia, Tver region) for the red vole. This species is a rare and relict for the center of the Caspian-Baltic watershed. In the modelling the maximum entropy method (MaxEnt) was used. The basis for building the model was the field sampling of the authors, performed in July-August 2010-2014. Each year, trapping were carried out at 745 sampling points each of which has geographical referencing in the WGS 84. A total of 12238 trap-days were worked out and 141 red vole individuals were caught. In the process of modeling, the contribution to the species distribution of certain integral characteristics of habitats (relief, vegetation type and three vegetation spectral indices) was determined. A map model of habitat suitability for the red vole on the territory of the Reserve was built, which allowed to describe the spatial structure of the population groups of the species. The total areas of the most favorable sites for the habitat of the red vole on the reserve's territory were calculated.

Mites associated to chile piquín (Capsicum annuum L. var. glabriusculum) in two Protect Natural Areas in Northeastern México

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 2537-2551 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Irving Monjarás-barrera ◽  
Julio Cesar Chacón-hernandez ◽  
Guilherme Liberato Da Silva ◽  
Liana Johann ◽  
Onilda Santos Da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Predatory Mite ◽  
Natural Areas ◽  
Protected Natural Areas ◽  
Northeastern Mexico ◽  
El Cielo Biosphere Reserve

The conservation status of an ecosystem is checked by studying the composition and diversity of the organisms that interact in trophic chains. The aim of this study was to evaluate the biodiversity of mites associated to Capsicum annuum L. var glabriusculum (Solanaceae) at three sampling sites corresponding to two Protected Natural Areas (PNA) in Tamaulipas state, Mexico. Samplings were carried out in “Cañón de la Peregrina” and “Altas Cumbres” situated in the PNA "Altas Cumbres" and “Ojo de Agua”, located in the "El Cielo" Biosphere Reserve. Mite diversity was H = 1.09 ± 0.14 in Ojo de Agua, and it was H = 1.08 ± 0.08 and H = 1.11 ± 0.06 in Altas Cumbres and Cañón de la Peregrina, respectively. A total of 47 species were identified belonging to 35 genera of 18 families associated to C. annuum L. var glabriusculum in Mexico. Predatory mite richness was higher than that of generalist and phytophagous mites (31, 11 and 5 species, respectively) for the two ANP. The similarity index of Jaccard between OA–AC (IJ = 0.257; P < 0.05), CP–AC (IJ = 0.293; P < 0.05) and AC–CP (IJ = 0.324; P < 0.05) was low. Pseudopronematalus sp. 4 (Iolinidae) was predatory mite most abundant in both ANP (Pi = 9.311); followed by Metaseiulus (Metaseiulus) negundinis (Denmark) (Phytoseiidae) only for ANP “Altas Cumbres” (Pi = 1.004). While for phytophagus mite, Aculops lycopersici (Tryon) (Eriophyidae) and Tetranychus merganser Boudreaux (Tetranychidae) presented the highest abundances in all sites (Pi = 79.919 and 5.142, respectively). The high number of mites species associated to chile piquín suggests stability in the PNA despite anthropogenic activities, and that the PNA works as a mite reservoir.

scholarly journals The importance of nature-based tourism for sustainable development - A report from the selected biosphere reserve

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-209
Author(s):  
Igor Trisic ◽  
Snezana Stetic ◽  
Donatella Privitera
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Tourism ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Northwestern Part ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
Natural Areas ◽  
Sustainable Tourism Development ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Protected Natural Areas

Special Nature Reserve (SNR) Gornje Podunavlje is located in the northwestern part of Serbia, on the left bank of the Danube, along the border of Croatia and Serbia. This area is a significant spatial unit for the development of nature-based tourism and ecotourism. It is part of Backo Podunavlje Biosphere Reserve, protected by UNESCO, and a wider area of Transboundary Biosphere Reserve Mura-Drava- Danube, which includes 10 protected natural areas in five countries. The research aims to examine the attitudes of the local population about the state of sustainable tourism development in the SNR Gornje Podunavlje using a questionnaire. A total of 205 respondents expressed their satisfaction with the environmental, economic, and socio-cultural aspects of sustainability. After quantitative analysis, the results of the research can provide nature conservation guidelines and specify the role of protected natural areas in sustainable tourism development. As the most important dimensions of sustainability, the residents highlighted the Socio-cultural and Institutional dimensions of sustainable tourism development. Slightly lower values, according to the attitudes of residents, were given to Environmental and Economic sustainability. The results of the research indicate that this destination can be important for the development of sustainable tourism. By adopting the planned management measures, this protected natural area can be a significant destination for ecotourism and other forms of nature-based tourism.

scholarly journals Protected Natural Areas: In Sickness and in Health

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 2182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Romanillos ◽  
Roser Maneja ◽  
Diego Varga ◽  
Llorenç Badiella ◽  
Martí Boada
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Population Group ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Natural Areas ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Natural Park ◽  
Protected Natural Areas

Numerous studies show the benefits that contact with the natural environment have for human health, but there are few studies on the role of Protected Natural Areas (PNAs), either from the preventive point of view or on their potential benefits, on individuals with health problems. A study was made of the relationship between the visitation of Montseny Natural Park and Biosphere Reserve and health, from the perspective of a population group with different diseases. A total of 250 patients resident in the areas near the park were surveyed, recording their beliefs about the benefits of nature, as well as the reasons for visiting and the activities associated with health that they carried out in the park. The pure air is the most valued benefit (27.2%), particularly for those with allergies. The majority (57%) visit the park for health reasons. High levels (82%) of exercise are recorded, especially by patients with heart diseases (85%), and 65% exercised in the park. More physical activity is mentioned among those that visit the park most often, particularly among those that carried it out for health reasons. Plants were collected for medicinal use by 39.6%. The study confirmed the significant role of the Montseny Natural Park and Biosphere Reserve as a health resource for individuals with diseases that live near it. It also corroborates the beneficial effects that the PNA provide in human health.

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