scholarly journals PRODUCCIÓN DE CONOCIMIENTO EN REDES INTERDISCIPLINARIAS CON INCLUSIÓN DE ACTORES SOCIALES: ESTUDIO DE CASO

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Cecilia Hidalgo ◽  
Claudia E. Natenzon ◽  
Aldo G. Agunin
Keyword(s):  
Intermediate Stage ◽  
Knowledge Network ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Cooperative Production ◽  
Research Problems ◽  
Institutional Relations ◽  
Socially Relevant ◽  
La Red ◽  
Network Metrics ◽  
Collaborative Knowledge

El desafío de abordar problemas de investigación complejos, sumado a la voluntad de arribar a resultados de relevancia social, alienta la búsqueda de cooperación en el plano cognoscitivo. Una de las trasformaciones contemporáneas más sobresalientes del complejo científico mundial que responde a esa búsqueda es la constitución de redes de conocimiento tanto nacionales como internacionales, disciplinarias o interdisciplinarias. La situación es novedosa por lo que se carece aún de estudios de caso detallados que permitan una comprensión teórica de la especificidad de esta forma de producción colaborativa de conocimiento.Este trabajo presenta un estudio diacrónico, prolongado y participativo de la producción cooperativa de una red científica multinacional e interdisciplinaria cuya interacción fue registrada y monitoreada a lo largo de los tres años de ejecución de un exigente proyecto de investigación.* La dinámica de cambio de las interacciones internas a la red, la constitución de subgrupos o cliques, así como otros elementos de la experiencia cooperativa de esta red de conocimiento es caracterizada en tres momentos del proyecto: una al inicio, como expectativa de vinculación; otra en una etapa intermedia, como vinculación efectiva constatada a través de resultados tangibles, y una tercera, final, que muestra los resultados —producciones— del equipo. El programa Ucinet ha permitido calcular algunas métricas de red y graficar relaciones interinstitucionales, demostrando valor como herramienta complementaria al trabajo de campo etnográfico.   ABSTRACTThe challenge of addressing complex research problems, together with the disposition to arrive at socially relevant results, lead to a search for cooperation in the cognitive sphere. One of the most outstanding contemporary transformations of the world scientific community in response to this search is the creation of knowledge networks, at both national and international levels, and both disciplinary and inter-disciplinary in nature. This phenomenon is only beginning and thus we are not yet seeing detailed case studies that might allow a theoretical understanding of the specificity of this form of collaborative knowledge production.This article presents a diachronic, prolonged, participative study of the cooperative production of a multinational, interdisciplinary scientific network. The interaction within this network was recorded and monitored throughout the three years of a demanding research project. The change-oriented dynamics in the network’s internal interactions, the constitution of sub-groups or cliques, as well as other elements in the cooperative experience in this knowledge network are characterized at three points during the project: one at the beginning, characterized as the expectation of networking; another at the intermediate stage, as effective networking verified through tangible results, and a third at the end of the project, as demonstrating the team’s results —productions—. The Ucinet program has made it possible to calculate some network metrics, and to diagram inter-institutional relations, demonstrating its value as a complementary tool in the ethnographic field of study.

scholarly journals Dynamic Robustness of Semantic-Based Collaborative Knowledge Network of Open Source Project

Entropy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 391
Author(s):  
Shaojuan Lei ◽  
Xiaodong Zhang ◽  
Shilin Xie ◽  
Xin Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Robustness Analysis ◽  
Knowledge Network ◽  
Collaborative Behavior ◽  
Project Life Cycle ◽  
Project Life ◽  
Collaborative Knowledge

Robustness of the collaborative knowledge network (CKN) is critical to the success of open source projects. To study this robustness more comprehensively and accurately, we constructed a weighted CKN based on the semantic analysis of collaborative behavior, where (a) open source designers were the network nodes, (b) collaborative behavior among designers was the edges, and (c) collaborative text content intensity and collaborative frequency intensity were the edge weights. To study the robustness from a dynamic viewpoint, we constructed three CKNs from different stages of the project life cycle: the start-up, growth and maturation stages. The connectivity and collaboration efficiency of the weighted network were then used as robustness evaluation indexes. Further, we designed four edge failure modes based on the behavioral characteristics of open source designers. Finally, we carried out dynamic robustness analysis experiments based on the empirical data of a Local Motors open source car design project. Our results showed that the CKN performed differently at different stages of the project life cycle, and our specific findings could help community managers of open source projects to formulate different network protection strategies at different stages of their projects.

scholarly journals Choosing experiments to accelerate collective discovery

2015 ◽  
Vol 112 (47) ◽  
pp. 14569-14574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey Rzhetsky ◽  
Jacob G. Foster ◽  
Ian T. Foster ◽  
James A. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Discovery ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Research Strategy ◽  
Knowledge Network ◽  
Career Trajectory ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Research Problems ◽  
Research Choices ◽  
Personal Career ◽  
Problem Selection

A scientist’s choice of research problem affects his or her personal career trajectory. Scientists’ combined choices affect the direction and efficiency of scientific discovery as a whole. In this paper, we infer preferences that shape problem selection from patterns of published findings and then quantify their efficiency. We represent research problems as links between scientific entities in a knowledge network. We then build a generative model of discovery informed by qualitative research on scientific problem selection. We map salient features from this literature to key network properties: an entity’s importance corresponds to its degree centrality, and a problem’s difficulty corresponds to the network distance it spans. Drawing on millions of papers and patents published over 30 years, we use this model to infer the typical research strategy used to explore chemical relationships in biomedicine. This strategy generates conservative research choices focused on building up knowledge around important molecules. These choices become more conservative over time. The observed strategy is efficient for initial exploration of the network and supports scientific careers that require steady output, but is inefficient for science as a whole. Through supercomputer experiments on a sample of the network, we study thousands of alternatives and identify strategies much more efficient at exploring mature knowledge networks. We find that increased risk-taking and the publication of experimental failures would substantially improve the speed of discovery. We consider institutional shifts in grant making, evaluation, and publication that would help realize these efficiencies.

scholarly journals Curating climate change: The Taipei Biennial as an environmental problem solver

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenifer Chao ◽  
Panos Kompatsiaris
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Social Transformation ◽  
Environmental Problem ◽  
Problem Solver ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
New Thinking ◽  
Relevant Role ◽  
Institutional Relations ◽  
Socially Relevant

This article analyses the curatorial practices behind the 2018 Taipei Biennial by considering its ethos of public engagement that fostered a merging of artistic means and civic aims. Entitled ‘Post-Nature: A Museum as an Ecosystem’, the biennial confronted the timely theme of environmental precarity and positioned itself as a substantive stakeholder in the public debate on climate change. It mobilized the biennial platform to marshal artists, community groups, conservationists and others to spur on new thinking and, perhaps more importantly, to create solutions. By adopting this new role as an environmental problem solver, the biennial expanded itself from the ensconced space of aesthetic inquiry and sought to generate new forms of institutional relations and to nurture in its audience an ecological consciousness. These exhibition strategies underscore many international biennials’ self-assigned mandates to claim a socially relevant role and to adopt an interventionist posture. But while the biennial showcased multifaceted ecological visions of the present, it also delimited its range of critique and the possible modes of collective action. In this way, the exhibition becomes a valuable searchlight into the social and political relevance of global biennials, as well as their contention for legitimacy and significance as agents of social transformation.

Research on Knowledge Coordination Model in Engineering Project Cooperation under the Network Environment

2014 ◽  
Vol 697 ◽  
pp. 442-445
Author(s):  
Chun Hua Hu ◽  
Bing Feng Liu
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Transfer ◽  
Network Structure ◽  
Knowledge Construction ◽  
The Body ◽  
Knowledge Network ◽  
Network Environment ◽  
Engineering Project ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Collaborative Knowledge ◽  
Collaborative Knowledge Construction

In the era of knowledge economy, under the network environment project collaborative knowledge construction has been paid more and more attention. Project team knowledge transfer between form a knowledge network, in line with the basic core in complex network theory goal-directed (edge network structure), has its uniqueness. In this paper, this paper discusses the knowledge network formation, network evolution stage, according to the knowledge sharing, knowledge transfer, knowledge learning and knowledge creation of four phases of the micro mechanism of knowledge collaboration, and points out that the body of knowledge of the cooperative intention, attitude and sense of trust, the body of knowledge of the network structure, location and neighborhood structure, the overall network effect and the types of knowledge, is an important factor affecting the knowledge synergy. Discusses the co-evolution of knowledge network project in cooperation, use the interpretative structural model to construct collaborative knowledge construction process of analogy model.

scholarly journals Cartografía de la revista Profesional de la información: mapa visual de 30 años de historia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Audilio Gonzales ◽  
María-Jesús Colmenero-Ruiz ◽  
Adilson-Luiz Pinto
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Journal ◽  
Free Software ◽  
Knowledge Network ◽  
Network Visualization ◽  
Web Navigation ◽  
Web Scraping ◽  
Bibliographic Data ◽  
Graph Viewer ◽  
Secondary Information ◽  
La Red

The process of creating a cartography, an interactive visualization, from the bibliographic data of the contents of the scientific journal Profesional de la información during its almost 30 years of life is presented. The cartography is available on the EPI journal website: https://profesionaldelainformacion.com/cartografia/EPI_GLOBAL/index.html. Its objective is to serve as a navigable index for the quick localization of information of interest to readers as well as a visual map that highlights the characteristics of the knowledge network that these data form through the interconnection of relationships between its nodes. This device has been created by extracting data from the journal’s website using web scraping tools and the free software Gephi for network visualization. A graph viewer allows access and manipulation through the web. Navigation through the bibliographic data network is facilitated by different strategies: (1) the use of different colors for each category of node (author, keyword, number, and article); (2) the viewer’s search tools, including a node label finder, a zoom bar, a magnifying glass, and a button to hide the network of relationships; and (3) the possibility of displaying different linked graphs. Selecting a node opens a side-space where all the attributes providing information about that node are displayed and that enables a new window to be opened, displaying all the information linked to an external page. The information on the authors is obtained from the Directory of Experts in the Management of Information (EXIT). This tool thus undeniable provides a useful source of secondary information on the journal, as were printed indexes in their day, with the advantage that it can be updated almost simultaneously with the publication of new issues. The data obtained will be used to carry out other analyses of the evolution of the journal, the topics of interest to the profession, and its stakeholders. Resumen Se presenta el proceso de realización de una cartografía, una visualización interactiva, a partir de los datos bibliográficos de los contenidos de la revista científica Profesional de la Información en sus casi 30 años de vida. La cartografía se puede consultar en el sitio web de la revista EPI: https://profesionaldelainformacion.com/cartografia/EPI_GLOBAL/index.html. Su objetivo es servir como índice navegable para la localización rápida de información de interés para los lectores, así como un mapa visual que resalta las características de la red de conocimiento que esos datos forman a través de la interconexión de relaciones entre sus nodos. Este dispositivo ha sido realizado a partir de la extracción de datos de la web de la propia revista mediante programas de web scraping, y el software libre Gephi para la visualización de las redes. Un visor de gráficos permite el acceso y su manipulación a través de la web. La navegación por la red de datos bibliográficos se facilita mediante distintas estrategias: (1) la diferenciación por colores de cada categoría de nodo (autor, palabra clave, número y artículo); (2) las herramientas de búsqueda del visor: un buscador de etiquetas de nodo, una barra para acercar y alejar la red, una lupa y un botón para ocultar la red de relaciones; y (3) la posibilidad de mostrar distintas gráficas enlazadas. La selección de un nodo abre un espacio lateral donde se muestran todos los atributos que dan información sobre ese nodo y permite abrir en una ventana nueva toda la que está enlazada con una página exterior. La información sobre los autores se obtiene del Directorio de Expertos en el Tratamiento de la Información (EXIT). Se constituye así en una fuente de información secundaria sobre la revista de innegable utilidad, como lo fueron en su día los índices impresos, con la ventaja de que su actualización puede realizarse de forma casi simultánea a la publicación de nuevos números. Los datos obtenidos servirán para la realización de otros análisis de la evolución de la revista, de las temáticas de interés de la profesión y sus actores.

Solar Filaments as Tracers of Subsurface Processes

2000 ◽  
Vol 179 ◽  
pp. 177-183
Author(s):  
D. M. Rust
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Magnetic Flux ◽  
Coronal Mass Ejections ◽  
Interplanetary Space ◽  
Intermediate Stage ◽  
Coronal Plasma ◽  
Magnetic Helicity ◽  
The Sun ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Solar Filaments

AbstractSolar filaments are discussed in terms of two contrasting paradigms. The standard paradigm is that filaments are formed by condensation of coronal plasma into magnetic fields that are twisted or dimpled as a consequence of motions of the fields’ sources in the photosphere. According to a new paradigm, filaments form in rising, twisted flux ropes and are a necessary intermediate stage in the transfer to interplanetary space of dynamo-generated magnetic flux. It is argued that the accumulation of magnetic helicity in filaments and their coronal surroundings leads to filament eruptions and coronal mass ejections. These ejections relieve the Sun of the flux generated by the dynamo and make way for the flux of the next cycle.

Dissociated Σ=27 boundaries in silicon

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 624-625
Author(s):  
A. Garg ◽  
W.A.T. Clark ◽  
J.P. Hirth
Keyword(s):  
Electron Diffraction ◽  
Local Minimum ◽  
Boundary Energy ◽  
Coincidence Site Lattice ◽  
Boundary Plane ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Site Lattice ◽  
Kikuchi Pattern ◽  
Analysis Techniques

In the last twenty years, a significant amount of work has been done in the theoretical understanding of grain boundaries. The various proposed grain boundary models suggest the existence of coincidence site lattice (CSL) boundaries at specific misorientations where a periodic structure representing a local minimum of energy exists between the two crystals. In general, the boundary energy depends not only upon the density of CSL sites but also upon the boundary plane, so that different facets of the same boundary have different energy. Here we describe TEM observations of the dissociation of a Σ=27 boundary in silicon in order to reduce its surface energy and attain a low energy configuration.The boundary was identified as near CSL Σ=27 {255} having a misorientation of (38.7±0.2)°/[011] by standard Kikuchi pattern, electron diffraction and trace analysis techniques. Although the boundary appeared planar, in the TEM it was found to be dissociated in some regions into a Σ=3 {111} and a Σ=9 {122} boundary, as shown in Fig. 1.

How Socially Relevant Visual Characteristics of Avatars Influence Impression Formation

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Weibel ◽  
Daniel Stricker ◽  
Bartholomäus Wissmath ◽  
Fred W. Mast
Keyword(s):  
Impression Formation ◽  
Pupil Size ◽  
Conscious Perception ◽  
Viewing Angle ◽  
Frontal View ◽  
Computer Mediated ◽  
First Impression ◽  
Visual Characteristics ◽  
Socially Relevant ◽  
Blink Frequency

Like in the real world, the first impression a person leaves in a computer-mediated environment depends on his or her online appearance. The present study manipulates an avatar’s pupil size, eyeblink frequency, and the viewing angle to investigate whether nonverbal visual characteristics are responsible for the impression made. We assessed how participants (N = 56) evaluate these avatars in terms of different attributes. The findings show that avatars with large pupils and slow eye blink frequency are perceived as more sociable and more attractive. Compared to avatars seen in full frontal view or from above, avatars seen from below were rated as most sociable, self-confident, and attractive. Moreover, avatars’ pupil size and eyeblink frequency escape the viewer’s conscious perception but still influence how people evaluate them. The findings have wide-ranging applied implications for avatar design.

Neglected Research Problems

1982 ◽  
Vol 27 (12) ◽  
pp. 960-961
Author(s):  
Norman F. Watt
Keyword(s):  
Research Problems
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