scholarly journals Electronic Control System for Steer by Wire

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (VI) ◽  
pp. 4161-4166
Author(s):  
Eeshan Ranade
Keyword(s):  
Electric Power ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Steering System ◽  
Electric Power System ◽  
Driving Safety ◽  
Steering Wheel ◽  
Hydraulic Systems ◽  
Compact Structure ◽  
Steer By Wire ◽  
Improved Performance

Automobile industry’s focus is on efficiency, safety and performance has resulted in the rapid introduction of electronics in vehicle safety systems and engine management. Mechanical and Hydraulic systems are now gradually being replaced by electronic controllers to achieve the objectives of optimizing power consumption, improving driver convenience, and maximizing driver safety resulting in an overall improved performance and experience. Vehicle steering systems have transitioned from mechanical to hydraulic power to an electric power assisted steering system and now to the state of the art, Steer by Wire (SbW) system. Traditional mechanical systems included a steering wheel, column, gear, rack and pinion and did not support any power steering. The next generation hydraulic systems were more stable, safer and required comparatively lesser effort. Electric or DC motors drove the Electric Power System addressing the drawbacks of the hydraulic systems especially those related to environment and acoustics with the added advantage of a compact structure and power-on-demand engine performance. By-wire steering technologies was originally introduced in the Concord aircraft in 1970s. The SbW is a steering system with no steering column. The mechanical interface between the steering wheel and the wheels is replaced with by-wire electrical connection/electronic actuators. SbW system has significant advantages in terms of driving safety due to the availability of the steering command in electronic form and the removal of the steering shaft, cruising comfort with driving manoeuvring due to no space constraint and favourable to the environment with the non-usage of hydraulic oils.

scholarly journals A Hysteresis-Based Steering Feel Model for Steer-by-Wire Systems

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
M. Selçuk Arslan
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Steering System ◽  
Steering Wheel ◽  
Hysteresis Model ◽  
Steering Feel ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Steer By Wire ◽  
Wheel Torque ◽  
Tire Dynamics ◽  
The Mathematical Model

A mathematical model of steering feel based on a hysteresis model is proposed for Steer-by-Wire systems. The normalized Bouc-Wen hysteresis model is used to describe the steering wheel torque feedback to the driver. By modifying the mathematical model of the hysteresis model for a steering system and adding custom parameters, the availability of adjusting the shape of steering feel model for various physical and dynamic conditions increases. Addition of a term about the tire dynamics to the steering feel model renders the steering wheel torque feedback more informative about the tire road interaction. Some simulation results are presented to establish the feasibility of the proposed model. The results of hardware-in-the-loop simulations show that the model provides a realistic and informative steering feel.

scholarly journals Development of alternative steering models for ev bus: a preliminary study on the conversion of hydraulic to electric power steering

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1 (111)) ◽  
pp. 37-46
Author(s):  
Nazaruddin Nazaruddin ◽  
Danardono A Sumarsono ◽  
Mohammad Adhitya ◽  
Ghany Heryana ◽  
Rolan Siregar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Power ◽  
Steering System ◽  
Electric Power System ◽  
Frame Structure ◽  
Electric System ◽  
Power Steering ◽  
Electric Bus ◽  
Speed Function ◽  
Hydraulic Power Steering ◽  
Drag Link

This study aims to develop alternative steering models for the EV bus. The EV bus uses its energy source from the main 384 VDC 300 Ah battery and the secondary battery with a capacity of 25.8 VDC 100 Ah. The use of energy in this electric bus is divided into the main components, namely the BLDC motor as the main drive of 200 kW, 15 kW of air conditioning, 7.5 kW of hydraulic power steering, a compressor for the air braking system of 4 kW, and accessory components. The other is 2.4 kW. It is expected that this 7.5 kW electric power can be reduced by an electric system by up to 20 %. This research will study the steering system with an electric power system (EPS) to convert the hydraulic steering system (HPS). With this EPS system, it is hoped that controlling the vehicle’s motion towards the steer by wire will be easier. Initially, data were collected from the types of large vehicles from various well-known brands about the steering system used. A large commercial vehicle that purely uses EPS is not yet found. The model developed for EPS on this electric bus is through the reverse engineering method by redrawing all the components involved in the previous steering system. Because this type of EV bus is included in the upper mid-size class, this paper proposes two new EPS models, namely the addition of an assist motor on the drag link and on the steering rack. The links involved in this system are wheel drive, steering column, lower steering column, rack and pinion gear, assist motor, drop link, drag link, drop link extension, drag link extension, tie rod, knuckle, kingpin, tire, axle beam and several others. The values of stiffness, inertia, and damping of each link will affect the driver’s torque and the assist motor as a wheel speed function on this electric bus. The steering structure of the EV bus consists of a truss structure and a frame structure with a kinematic structure consisting of two four-bar linkages joined together

Haptic control of steer-by-wire systems using parameter estimation of rack system lateral load model

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440702110275
Author(s):  
Jaepoong Lee ◽  
Kwang Il Kim ◽  
Minjun Kim ◽  
Kyongsu Yi
Keyword(s):  
Parameter Estimation ◽  
Limit Cycle ◽  
Sampling Rate ◽  
Lateral Load ◽  
Steering System ◽  
Haptic Rendering ◽  
Steering Wheel ◽  
Load Model ◽  
Steer By Wire ◽  
Haptic Control

This paper describes a haptic control of steer-by-wire systems for rendering the conventional steering system under various road conditions using parameter estimation of rack system lateral load model. To design the conventional steering system model, the dynamic model of a rack system has been developed as a mass-spring-damper system with a friction model. An online parameter estimation of the rack system was designed to consider the various road conditions in the haptic rendering. In a steering wheel system, which is a haptic device, a limit cycle, and instable behavior can occur due to the sampling rate and quantization. To prevent the limit cycle and instable behavior, a passivity analysis was conducted and constraint conditions of the rendering coefficient was derived. The haptic control algorithm is designed to render the conventional steering system without limit cycles using passivity conditions. The performance of the proposed controller was evaluated via both computer simulations and vehicle tests under various steering conditions. The results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm ensures haptic rendering performance on dry and wet asphalt conditions.

Modeling and Simulation of Electric Power Steering System Based on Multi-Body Dynamics

2011 ◽  
Vol 121-126 ◽  
pp. 2091-2097
Author(s):  
Jian Jun Hu ◽  
Zheng Bin He ◽  
Peng Ge ◽  
Guo Yun Li
Keyword(s):  
Electric Power ◽  
Dynamic Characteristic ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Steering System ◽  
Network Control ◽  
Steering Wheel ◽  
Electric Power Steering ◽  
Power Steering System ◽  
Power Steering ◽  
Electric Power Steering System

In order to analyze dynamic characteristic accurately during steering, electric power steering system is selected as research object and dynamic equation of steering system is established. Combined with eleven degrees of freedom vehicle model and tire model at combined conditions of longitudinal slip and side slip, the integral-simulation model of electric power steering system is established. The dynamic response of steering system at different steering wheel angle, control methods, front wheel steering angle and braking force is analyzed. The simulation results show that electric power steering system with neural network control has good stability, tracking performance, assist characteristic and anti-interference ability. The established model can reflect the dynamic characteristic correctly and effectively during steering.

Research on Angle Measurement of Loader's Steering-by-Wire System

2013 ◽  
Vol 373-375 ◽  
pp. 138-141
Author(s):  
Hai Xia Zhao ◽  
Zhi En Lv
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Automatic Control ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Hydraulic System ◽  
Steering System ◽  
Angle Measurement ◽  
Corner Detection ◽  
Steering Wheel ◽  
Steer By Wire ◽  
Wire System

The loader's steer-by-wire system combines the automatic control system and hydraulic system. The system cancels the mechanical or hydraulic connection between the steering wheel and the front wheels, which existed in the original steering system, optimizing the adaptation of the loaders steering systems road feeling to its working conditions, convenient for the integration with other systems, and harmonization of control. This paper puts forward a new measurement of a steer-by-wire system steering angel. It aims at more accurate corner detection, will design to optimize loader's steer-by-wire hydraulic system signal detection, and better meet the actual needs.

A bilateral control scheme for vehicle steer-by-wire system with road feel and steering controller design

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 593-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongyu Zheng ◽  
Jinghuan Hu ◽  
Yahui Liu
Keyword(s):  
Controller Design ◽  
Steering System ◽  
System Stability ◽  
Steering Wheel ◽  
Bilateral Control ◽  
Loop Control ◽  
Control Scheme ◽  
Steer By Wire ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Close Loop Control

Steer-by-wire (SBW) system replaces the mechanical linkages in a conventional steering system with electronic actuators. However, such a steering system has problems regarding how to harmonize angle and torque close loop control strategy whilst guaranteeing SBW system stability. Towards this problem, a bilateral control scheme is proposed for SBW system with steering and road feel feedback control. A new torque and angle feedback deviation type bilateral control scheme is designed based on the analysis of several typical bilateral control schemes. In this bilateral control scheme, it only needs to measure steering wheel angle, steering wheel torque, pinion angle and steering motor torque, whilst it does not need to estimate tire and road force, neither to deploy complicated and expensive sensors or devices. The Llewellyn stability criterion and wave variable control are used to analyze the influencing factors of the stability of the SBW system and to control the stability respectively. The transparency of the SBW system is analyzed based on the impedance theory. In order to improve vehicle handling, the road feel feedback torque is designed by using a compensation controller. The bilateral control scheme and compensation controllers are implemented and their performance is experimentally validated using test vehicle. Test results demonstrate the efficiency and effect of the proposed algorithm.

scholarly journals Mathematical modeling of the electric power steering system of a vehicle with a worm drive

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (59) ◽  
pp. 101-107
Author(s):  
V. Skurikhin ◽  
K. Soroka ◽  
I. Aharkov
Keyword(s):  
Electric Power ◽  
Load Capacity ◽  
Steering System ◽  
Steering Wheel ◽  
Electric Power Steering ◽  
Power Steering System ◽  
Passenger Vehicles ◽  
Power Steering ◽  
Electric Power Steering System ◽  
Worm Drive

The complexity and variety of requirements imposed on modern cars have led to a variety of designs of steering amplifiers, which are based on various physical phenomena and patterns (mechanical, pneumatic, hydraulic, electrical, etc.). Despite the difference in design and operating principles, steering amplifiers of domestic and foreign production are based on a large number of complex components and parts, which reduces their reliability. In addition, due to the constant impact of amplifiers on the controlled wheels, the driver does not feel changes in the behavior of the car on the road when disturbing influences occur, which reduces traffic safety and can lead to an accident. Therefore, increasing the sensitivity of the steering wheel to adverse factors acting on the wheels of the car while driving is one of the important tasks of improving power steering system. Introduction of electric power steering systems for cargo and passenger vehicles with a load capacity of up to 20 tons. this is a very urgent problem. In contrast to power steering system, which is still used in the control systems of high-tonnage vehicles, electric power is much simpler in design, does not require much time and costs for operation and repair. Electric power steering system with worm drive, which has a gear ratio significantly higher than those used in passenger cars, is considered. For this purpose, the formula for calculating the active moment of resistance due to the angle of transverse inclination of the pin and the corresponding system of differential equations characterizing the electric power steering system with worm drive are derived. Based on this, a functional diagram of the electric power steering control system has been developed, which is unified for worm drive steering systems and can serve as a base for modeling the steering system of cargo and passenger vehicles.

An Experiment on Electric Power Steering (EPS) System of a CAR

2011 ◽  
Vol 110-116 ◽  
pp. 4941-4950
Author(s):  
M. Akhtaruzzaman ◽  
Norrul’ Aine Binti Mohd Razali ◽  
Mohd. Mahbubur Rashid ◽  
Amir Akramin Shafie
Keyword(s):  
Electric Power ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Electronic System ◽  
Steering System ◽  
Control Technique ◽  
Steering Wheel ◽  
Steering Control ◽  
Electric Power Steering ◽  
Power Steering ◽  
Steering Effort

This paper describes an experiment on Electric Power Steering (EPS) system of a car. Nowadays EPS system can be considered as a Mechatronics system that reduces the amount of steering effort by directly applying the output of an electric motor to the steering system. In this paper, the constitutions, operational mechanism and control strategies of EPS system are introduced. A potentiometer measures driver input to the steering wheel, both direction and rate of turn. This information is fed into a microcontroller that determines the desired control signals to the motor to produce the necessary torque needed to assist. Although an electro hydraulic power assisted steering system can be used to reduce the fuel consumption, but the maximum benefit can be obtained if electronic system is applied instead of the hydraulic mechanism. The paper shows that a good power steering control technique is achieved by designing a Mechatronics system. The experimental results for the designed EPS system are also analyzed in this paper.

The Variable Steering Ratio for Vehicle Steer by Wire System Using Hyperbolic Tangent Method

2014 ◽  
Vol 575 ◽  
pp. 781-784 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheikh Muhammad Hafiz Fahami ◽  
Hairi Zamzuri ◽  
Saiful Amri Mazlan ◽  
Sarah Atifah Saruchi
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Control Algorithm ◽  
Steering System ◽  
Steering Wheel ◽  
Hyperbolic Tangent ◽  
Steer By Wire ◽  
Tangent Method ◽  
Vehicle Maneuver ◽  
Wire System

In conventional steering system, during the parking maneuver, driver required large turned on the steering wheel to move the fornt tyre. Thus, it will increase the driver burden when turned the steering wheel. The feature of variable steering ratio (VSR), help to reduce driver burden. Moreover, it improves the vehicle maneuver at lower and high speed. This paper, proposed a control algorithm of variable steering ratio (VSR) in vehicle SBW system. The concept of hyperbolic tangent is used where it not only improved the maneuverability at lower speed, but also reduces the driver burden on the steering wheel. To investigate the effectiveness of the proposed VSR algorithm, the result is compared with conventional steering system

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document