scholarly journals TAKING INTO ACCOUNT PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL FACTORS WHEN RECONSTRUCTING -FACADES OF SCHOOLS WITH INNOVATIVE AIR-CLEANING PANELS

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilya M. Belenya
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Computer Simulation ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Air Purification ◽  
School Buildings ◽  
Air Pollution Control ◽  
Simulation Techniques ◽  
Concentration Of Air Pollutants ◽  
Computer Simulation Techniques

Introduction. The spatial and aesthetic requirements for the use of air purification architectural and construction technologies in the reconstruction of school buildings facades are considered. The relevance of the use of such innovative technologies is their use for educational buildings located in the immediate vicinity of roads of different categories, where the concentration of air pollutants from vehicles is high enough. The scientific novelty of the research iscontained in the study of psychophysiological conditions of perception of school buildings facades covered with air purification panels, depending on the methods and scale of the surrounding buildings. The purpose and objectives of the study. The purpose of the article is justification of the necessity and possibility of using innovative air purification panels in the reconstruction of school buildings facades. The attention is paid to the analysis of psychophysiological features of perception of objects located in the conditions of historically developed environment with various restrictions of planning structure. The interrelations and regularities in the perception ofair purification facade slabs with the change of visual impressions during movement were revealed. The possibilities of using micro — and large-relief facade structures depending on the height (number of floors) of the surrounding buildings are considered. Materials and methods. There were used graphic-analytical, field and computer simulation techniques in the use of innovative air pollution control boards of school buildings.Introduction. The spatial and aesthetic requirements for the use of air purification architectural and construction technologies in the reconstruction of school buildings facades are considered. The relevance of the use of such innovative technologies is their use for educational buildings located in the immediate vicinity of roads of different categories, where the concentration of air pollutants from vehicles is high enough. The scientific novelty of the research iscontained in the study of psychophysiological conditions of perception of school buildings facades covered with air purification panels, depending on the methods and scale of the surrounding buildings. The purpose and objectives of the study. The purpose of the article is justification of the necessity and possibility of using innovative air purification panels in the reconstruction of school buildings facades. The attention is paid to the analysis of psychophysiological features of perception of objects located in the conditions of historically developed environment with various restrictions of planning structure. The interrelations and regularities in the perception ofair purification facade slabs with the change of visual impressions during movement were revealed. The possibilities of using micro — and large-relief facade structures depending on the height (number of floors) of the surrounding buildings are considered. Materials and methods. There were used graphic-analytical, field and computer simulation techniques in the use of innovative air pollution control boards of school buildings. Results. The most applicable scales and compositional solutions of ecological modules taking into account the picked up structure recommended for finishing of facades of schools in areas with preferential low — and average building are established. Conclusions. The use of facade air purification panels will contribute not only to the improvement of the environment, but also will improve its architectural quality. Results. The most applicable scales and compositional solutions of ecological modules taking into account the picked up structure recommended for finishing of facades of schools in areas with preferential low — and average building are established. Conclusions. The use of facade air purification panels will contribute not only to the improvement of the environment, but also will improve its architectural quality.

scholarly journals How Effective Is Traffic and Production Restriction for Air Pollution? Evidence From a Quasi-natural Experiment in China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiqing Chen ◽  
Deyun Wang ◽  
Adnen Elamraoui ◽  
Haixiang Guo
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Natural Experiment ◽  
Structural Break ◽  
Control Policy ◽  
Air Pollution Control ◽  
Spring Festival ◽  
Break Points ◽  
Pollution Control Policy

Abstract Air pollution seriously affects human health. The traffic and production restriction is widely used for controlling heavy air pollution. However, the effectiveness of these two policies has not been scientifically verified through a city-level study. COVID-19 pandemic caused lockdowns in many cities, which makes it possible to verify the effectiveness of these two policies. Taken Wuhan as the study area, this study firstly verifies the existence of lockdown effect on air pollution and analyzes the evolution rule of six air pollutants (PM2.5, PM10, NO2, SO2, CO and O3) using statistical methods. Then the structural break points in six air pollutants are detected with the regression discontinuity design model. Because Spring Festival overlapping COVID-19 may also affect the air pollution, in order to avoid the disturbance of Spring Festival on the results, the Spring Festival effect is also validated. The results illustrate that the effects of traffic and production restriction on six air pollutants are obviously different, in which the concentrations of PM2.5, PM10 and NO2 decrease significantly, while traffic and production restriction has no apparent effects on SO2, CO and O3. Moreover, the structural break points are verified in the four air pollutants (PM2.5, PM10, NO2 and CO), and the structural break points are caused by lockdown instead of Spring Festival. This study revealed how the traffic and production restriction affected the air pollution at a city level, and provided strong implementation basis to the air pollution control policy.

scholarly journals Use of a mobile laboratory to evaluate changes in on-road air pollutants during the Beijing 2008 Summer Olympics

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (21) ◽  
pp. 8247-8263 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Wang ◽  
T. Zhu ◽  
J. Zheng ◽  
R. Y. Zhang ◽  
S. Q. Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Control Period ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
In Situ Monitoring ◽  
Air Pollution Control ◽  
Mobile Laboratory ◽  
The Road ◽  
On The Road

Abstract. China implemented systematic air pollution control measures during the 2008 Beijing Summer Olympics and Paralympics to improve air quality. This study used a versatile mobile laboratory to conduct in situ monitoring of on-road air pollutants along Beijing's Fourth Ring Road on 31 selected days before, during, and after the Olympics air pollution control period. A suite of instruments with response times of less than 30 s was used to measure temporal and spatial variations in traffic-related air pollutants, including NOx, CO, PM1.0 surface area (S(PM1)), black carbon (BC), and benzene, toluene, the sum of ethylbenzene, and m-, p-, and o-xylene (BTEX). During the Olympics (8–23 August, 2008), on-road air pollutant concentrations decreased significantly, by up to 54% for CO, 41% for NOx, 70% for SO2, 66% for BTEX, 12% for BC, and 18% for SPM1, compared with the pre-control period (before 20 July). Concentrations increased again after the control period ended (after 20 September), with average increases of 33% for CO, 42% for NOx, 60% for SO2, 40% for BTEX, 26% for BC, and 37% for S(PM1), relative to the control period. Variations in pollutants concentrations were correlated with changes in traffic speed and the number and types of vehicles on the road. Throughout the measurement periods, the concentrations of NOx, CO, and BTEX varied markedly with the numbers of light- and medium-duty vehicles (LDVs and MDVs, respectively) on the road. Only after 8 August was a noticeable relationship found between BC and S(PM1) and the number of heavy-duty vehicles (HDVs). Additionally, BC and S(PM1) showed a strong correlation with SO2 before the Olympics, indicating possible industrial sources from local emissions as well as regional transport activities in the Beijing area. Such factors were identified in measurements conducted on 6 August in an area southwest of Beijing. The ratio of benzene to toluene, a good indicator of traffic emissions, shifted suddenly from about 0.26 before the Olympics to approximately 0.48 after the Olympics began. This finding suggests that regulations on traffic volume and restrictions on the use of painting solvents were effective after the Olympics began. This study demonstrated the effectiveness of air pollution control measures and identified local and regional pollution sources within and surrounding the city of Beijing. The findings will be invaluable for emission inventory evaluations and model verifications.

scholarly journals A New Study on Air Quality Standards: Air Quality Measurement and Evaluation for Jiangsu Province Based on Six Major Air Pollutants

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 3561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueyan Liu ◽  
Xiaolong Gao
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Quality Evaluation ◽  
Jiangsu Province ◽  
Energy Structure ◽  
Air Pollution Control ◽  
Control Policies

China’s current Air Quality Index (AQI) system only considers one air pollutant which has the highest concentration value. In order to comprehensively evaluate the urban air quality of Jiangsu Province, this paper has studied the air quality of 13 cities in that province from April 2015 to March 2018 based on an expanded AQI system that includes six major air pollutants. After expanding the existing air quality evaluation standards of China, this paper has calculated the air quality evaluation scores of cities in Jiangsu Province based on the six major air pollutants by using the improved Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Model. This paper has further analyzed the effectiveness of air pollution control policies in Jiangsu Province and its different cities during the study period. The findings are as follows: there are distinct differences in air quality for different cities in Jiangsu Province; except for coastal cities such as Nantong, Yancheng and Lianyungang, the southern cities of Jiangsu generally have better air quality than the northern cities. The causes of these differences include not only natural factors such as geographical location and wind direction, but also economic factors and energy structure. In addition, air pollution control policies have achieved significant results in Nantong, Changzhou, Wuxi, Yangzhou, Suzhou, Yancheng, Zhenjiang, Tai’an and Lianyungang. Among them, Nantong has seen the biggest improvement, 20.28%; Changzhou and Wuxi have improved their air quality by more than 10%, while Yangzhou, Suzhou, and Yancheng have improved their air quality by more than 5%. However, the air quality of Nanjing, Huai’an, Xuzhou, and Suqian has worsened by different degrees compared that of the last period within the beginning period, during which Suqian’s air quality has declined by 20.07% and Xuzhou’s by 16.32%.

Photocatalytic reaction mechanisms at the gas-solid interface for typical air pollutants decomposition

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruimin Chen ◽  
Jieyuan Li ◽  
Hong Wang ◽  
Peng Chen ◽  
Xing‘an Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Reaction Mechanisms ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Adverse Impact ◽  
Ecological Environment ◽  
Photocatalytic Reaction ◽  
Air Pollution Control ◽  
Promising Technology

Various technologies have been developed towards the air pollution control to mitigate adverse impact of pollutants on human health and ecological environment. Photocatalysis is a promising technology because it can...

scholarly journals Use of a mobile laboratory to evaluate changes in on-road air pollutants during the Beijing 2008 Summer Olympics

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 12857-12898 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Wang ◽  
T. Zhu ◽  
J. Zheng ◽  
R. Y. Zhang ◽  
S. Q. Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Control Period ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
In Situ Monitoring ◽  
Air Pollution Control ◽  
Mobile Laboratory ◽  
The Road ◽  
On The Road

Abstract. China implemented systematic air pollution control measures during the 2008 Beijing Summer Olympics and Paralympics to improve air quality. This study used an innovative mobile laboratory to conduct in situ monitoring of on-road air pollutants along Beijing's 4th Ring Road on 31 selected days before, during, and after the Olympics air pollution control period. A suite of instruments with response times of less than 30 s was used to measure temporal and spatial variations in traffic-related air pollutants, including NOx, CO, PM1.0 surface area (SPM1), black carbon (BC), and benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and m-, p-, and o-xylene (BTEX). During the Olympics (8–23 August 2008), on-road air pollutant concentrations decreased significantly by up to 54% for CO, 41% for NOx, 70% for SO2, 66% for BTEX, 12% for BC, and 18% for SPM1 compared to the pre-control period (before 20 July). Concentrations increased again after the control period ended (after 20 September), with average increases of 33% for CO, 42% for NOx, 60% for SO2, 40% for BTEX, 26% for BC, and 37% for SPM1. Variations in pollutants concentrations were correlated with changes in traffic speed and the number and types of vehicles on the road. Throughout the measurement periods, the concentrations of NOx, CO, and BTEX varied markedly with the numbers of light- and medium-duty vehicles (LDVs and MDVs, respectively) on the road. Only after 8 August was a noticeable relationship between BC and SPM1 and the number of heavy-duty vehicles (HDVs) found. Additionally, BC and SPM1 showed a strong correlation with SO2 before the Olympics, indicating possible industrial sources from local emissions as well as regional transport activities in the Beijing area. Such factors were identified in measurements conducted on 6 August in an area southwest of Beijing. The ratio of benzene to toluene, a good indicator of traffic emissions, shifted suddenly from about 0.26 before the Olympics to approximately 0.48 after the Olympics began. This finding suggests that regulations on traffic volume and restrictions on the use of painting solvents were effective after the Olympics began. This study demonstrated the effectiveness of air pollution control measures and identified local and regional pollution sources within and surrounding the city of Beijing. The findings will be invaluable for emission inventory evaluations and model verifications.

Discussion on Air Pollution and its Control Measures

2014 ◽  
Vol 1010-1012 ◽  
pp. 839-842 ◽  
Author(s):  
Le Hui Huang ◽  
Bin Gui
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Atmospheric Environment ◽  
Air Pollution Control

In recent years, China's air pollution control achieved great results, but for various reasons,the situation faced by the atmospheric environment in China is still very grim. Total emissions of air pollutants are high. It can be said that air pollution is still serious, it is still the major environmental problems we solved.

scholarly journals Assessment of Air Pollution status during COVID-19 Lockdown (Mar-May 2020) over Bangalore City in India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
K C Gouda ◽  
Priya Singh ◽  
P Nikhilasuma ◽  
Mahendra Benke ◽  
Reshama Kumari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Ambient Air Quality ◽  
Control Board ◽  
Ambient Concentration ◽  
The City ◽  
Concentration Of Air Pollutants

Abstract The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which became a global pandemic by March 2020 (WHO, 2020), forced almost all countries over the world to impose the lockdown as a measure of social distancing to control the spread of infection. India also strictly implemented a countrywide lockdown, starting from 24th March onwards. This measure resulted in the reduction of the sources of air pollution in general; industrial, commercial, and vehicular pollution in particular, with visible improvement in Ambient Air Quality. In this study, the impact of COVID-19 lockdown on the ambient concentration of air pollutants over the city of Bengaluru (India) is assessed using Continuous Ambient Air Quality Measurement (CAAQM) data from 10 monitoring stations spread across the city. The data was obtained from Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) and Karnataka State Pollution Control Board (KSPCB). The analysis of the relative changes in the ambient concentration of six major air pollutants (NO, NO2, NOX, PM2.5, O3, and SO2) been carried out for two periods; March-May 2020 (COVID-19 lockdown) and the corresponding period of 2019 which was Non-COVID. The analysis revealed significant reduction in the concentration of ambient air pollutants at both daily and monthly intervals. This can be attributed to the reduction in sources of emission; vehicular traffic, industrial, and other activities. The average reduction in the concentration of NO, NO2, NOX, PM2.5, and O3 between 1st March to 12th May 2020 was found to be 63%, 48%, 48%, 18%, and 23% respectively when compared to the same period in 2019. Similarly, the comparative analysis of pollutant concentrations between pre-lockdown (March 01- March 23) and lockdown (Mar 24-May 12) period, shown a huge reduction in the ambient concentration of air pollutants; 47.3% (NO), 49% (NO2), 49% (NOX), 10% (SO2), 37.7% (PM2.5), and 15.6% (O3), resulting in improved air quality over Bangalore during the COVID-19 lockdown period. It is shown that the strict lockdown resulted in a significant reduction in the pollution levels. Such lockdowns may be useful as emergency intervention strategies to control air pollution in megacities when ambient air quality deteriorates dangerously.

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