scholarly journals Does Prior Interprofessional Experience Influence the Attitudes of Graduate Healthcare Students about Interprofessional Education?

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Preeti D. Oza ◽  
Kathryn C. Nesbit
Keyword(s):  
Interprofessional Education ◽  
Educational Background ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthcare Students ◽  
Healthcare Program ◽  
Program Diversity ◽  
Students Attitudes ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Mean Differences

Background: Educational background and students’ preparedness influence interprofessional education (IPE). We studied if healthcare students’ prior exposure tointerprofessional collaborations and education influenced their attitudes andreadiness for IPE.Methods: Graduate students were surveyed in this cross-sectional study using the Readiness for Interprofessional Learning Survey (RIPLS). Independent variables included age, gender, type of healthcare program, diversity of clinical observation settings, and previous IPE coursework.Findings: Sixty-eight completed surveys included 60 percent in the 20 to 25-yearold group and 78 percent females. Controlling for age and gender, MANCOVA showed no group mean differences in the RIPLS.Conclusions: Students’ attitudes toward IPE are not associated with their professional program, previous IPE coursework, or exposure to interprofessional interactions in diverse clinical observations.  

scholarly journals Educational Disparity in Drinking and Smoking in Japan for 2013–2019: a Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haruaki Naito ◽  
Yasuhiro Kakiuchi ◽  
Motoki Osawa ◽  
Masataka Taguri ◽  
Takahiro Tabuchi
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Women ◽  
Educational Background ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Direction ◽  
Comprehensive Survey ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Negative Estimate ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract BackgroundIn Japan, studies of the relationship between drinking and educational background have not been as advanced as smoking studies, while Japan has extremely easy access to alcohol on a global level. We divided Japanese adults by drinking status, educational background, age, and gender, and analyzed the relationship, comparing to smokers’ data for reference.MethodsData were drawn from the Comprehensive Survey of Living Conditions (2013: 191,973 men, 214,815 women; 2016: 176,969 men, 196,181 women; 2019: 167,276 men, 183,963 women). We classified them as current drinkers, binge drinkers, current smokers, and heavy smokers. Drinking and smoking prevalence were analyzed by disparity indices, including rate difference, rate ratio, between-group variance, and slope index of inequality.ResultsWe found that higher positive estimates of educational disparity indices were among younger drinkers and got lower by aging. Surprisingly, among current drinkers, we also revealed women aged 45-94 had a negative estimate of an educational disparity index, while men aged 45-94 had negative one moving in a positive direction.ConclusionsEducation has a certain effect in preventing drinking, but the effect is so small among middle-aged and elderly people that other factors easily contribute to the phenomenon that those with a high education drink more than those with a low education. We estimated one of the factors is that many elderly women, who were high-educated and often forced to drink in accordance with women’s empowerment, are still alive and keep drinking. Further observation is needed to confirm it or reveal other factors.

Spirituality and post-graduate students’ attitudes towards blood donation

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 392-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo GS Almeida ◽  
Edson Z Martinez ◽  
Alessandra Mazzo ◽  
Maria A Trevizan ◽  
Isabel AC Mendes
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Students ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Post Graduate ◽  
Spiritual Well Being ◽  
Students Attitudes ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Donated Blood

College students have become more representative as blood donors, mainly to help other people. This study ascertained the association between spirituality and adherence or intention to donate blood in post-graduate students. In this quantitative and cross-sectional study, participants were 281 students from a post-graduate programme at a Brazilian public university. After complying with ethical requirements, data were collected through a questionnaire for sociodemographic characterization and identification of blood donation practices, followed by the Spiritual Well-Being Scale. Descriptive statistics and parametric tests were used for data analysis. A total of 74% of the participants were female and 26% were male. Previous experience and/or intention to donate blood were found in 75.3%; 14.3% donated blood periodically. In addition, 12.2% were not adept to donation and 12.5% were inapt. Spiritual Well-Being scores were similar between individuals who are not adept and those who donate periodically. In conclusion, in the sample, spirituality and blood donation are not associated, but spiritual well-being and gender are. To enhance blood donation, further research is needed.

scholarly journals Improvement of teamwork in health care through interprofessional education

2010 ◽  
Vol 138 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 480-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragana Simin ◽  
Dragana Milutinovic ◽  
Branislava Brestovacki ◽  
Ilija Andrijevic ◽  
Tomislav Cigic
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Interprofessional Education ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Interprofessional Learning ◽  
School Of Nursing ◽  
Integrated Studies ◽  
Multivariate Procedures ◽  
Students Attitudes ◽  
Novi Sad

Introduction. Collaboration, within and between healthcare teams, facilitates effective healthcare. Internationally, the development of interprofessional education, as a means to facilitate more effective teamwork in health care, has been recognized for over forty years. Objective. The aim of this paper is to evaluate students' attitudes toward the influence of interprofessional education on improvement of collaboration and teamwork. Methods. The research was conducted by interviewing students at the Medical Faculty in Novi Sad in the form of cross-sectional study. The study sample included students from two undergraduate programmes: School of Nursing (n=52) and Integrated Studies of Medicine (n=53). Students admitted to the research had to be exposed to clinical experience. The instrument used in this study was the Readiness for Interprofessional Learning Scale (RIPLS). Results. As many as 93.3% of students indicated that basics of teamwork skills should be obtained prior to graduation, whereas 96.2% considered that interprofessional education would enable them to improve mutual trust and respect. The majority of interviewees indicated that patients would ultimately benefit if healthcare students worked together to solve patient problems. Multivariate procedures MANOVA p<0.05 and discriminative analysis p<0.05 of students' attitudes toward teamwork and collaboration showed significant differences between the students of medicine and nursing. Conclusion. The students of the Integrated Studies of Medicine and School of Nursing had a positive attitude toward the influence of interprofessional education on the improvement of collaboration and teamwork.

CONCENTRATION OF THE SERUM TGF-BETA1 IN HEALTHY ADULT PEOPLE

2014 ◽  
pp. 90-93
Author(s):  
Van Tuan Nguyen ◽  
Tam Vo ◽  
Bui Bao Hoang
Keyword(s):  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Healthy Adult ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Healthy People ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Beta1 ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
And Gender

Elevated serum Transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) levels have been linked to tissue fibrosis including chronic kidney disease. Objectives: (1) Investigate serum TGF-beta1 levels in healthy adult people and (2) Examined the relation between serum TGF-beta1 level and gender, age, body mass index (BMI). Method: A cross-sectional study. TGF-beta1 were quantified by ELISA. Results: Levels of serum TGF-beta1 in healthy people were 13,45 ± 7,17 ng/mL mL (0,59 - 33,10 ng/mL). There are no difference of serum TGF-beta1 levels between men and women, between the age groups (<40 years, 40 to < 60 years and ≥ 60 years), between BMI groups < 23 and BMI group ≥ 23. Key words: TGF-beta1, healthy people

scholarly journals Neuroenhancement in French and Romanian University Students, Motivations and Associated Factors

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 3880
Author(s):  
Irina Brumboiu ◽  
Alessandro Porrovecchio ◽  
Thierry Peze ◽  
Remy Hurdiel ◽  
Irina Cazacu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Prescription Drugs ◽  
Drugs Of Abuse ◽  
Beta Blockers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Attitudes And Beliefs ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Anonymous Questionnaire ◽  
Students Attitudes

This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the use of neuroenhancers, the motivations and factors associated with their use in French and Romanian university students. Students from two universities in France (Rouen and Opal Coast University) and one in Romania (Cluj-Napoca) were asked to complete a self-administered anonymous questionnaire, either online or on paper, about the use of three different categories of substance: Prescription drugs (methylphenidate, modafinil, and beta-blockers), drugs of abuse (alcohol, cannabis, cocaine, and amphetamines), and soft enhancers (coffee, vitamins, caffeine tablets, and energy drinks). In total, 1110 students were included: The users were 2.2% for prescription drugs, 4.3% for drugs of abuse, and 55.0% for soft enhancers. Students used neuroenhancement to stay awake for study (69.3%), to improve concentration (55.5%), to decrease stress (40.9%), and to improve memory (39.6%). Neuroenhancement was considered to meet expectations by 74.4% of users. The factors associated with the use of drugs of abuse were frequent binge drinking (Adjusted Odds Ratio—AOR: 6.49 [95% CI: 2.53–16.6]), smoking (AOR: 5.50 [95% CI: 2.98–10.14]), having a student job (AOR: 2.42 [95% CI 1.13–5.17]), and being male (AOR: 2.23 [95% CI:1.21–4.11]). No significant associations with eating disorders were detected for any of the three categories of substances. University students reported neuroenhancement with prescription drugs, drugs of abuse, and mainly soft enhancers. These substances were used mainly to increase the waking hours. Educational programs in universities seem to be required in order to increase student awareness of the problems caused by neuroenhancements, and to decrease the associated risks by changing students’ attitudes and beliefs.

scholarly journals Analysis of Surgical Recurrence after Larynx Microsurgery for Benign Lesions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Theresa Costa Ramos de Oliveira Patrial ◽  
Rogério Hamerschmidt ◽  
Jorge Eduardo Fouto Matias ◽  
Evaldo Dacheux de Macedo Filho ◽  
Bettina Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Associated Lesions ◽  
Surgical Recurrence ◽  
Retrospective Data Collection ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Benign Laryngeal Lesions ◽  
Reinke Edema

Abstract Introduction The study of larynx lesions is of great importance. More than 50% of people with vocal complaints have benign vocal fold alterations and some require surgery. Objective To determine which factors are related to surgical recurrence of benign laryngeal lesions and to determine which videolaryngoscopic diagnoses are related to the risk or protection of surgical relapses over time. Methods Observational, analytical, cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection of 1,383 surgeries in 1,301 patients. Results The mean age at the first surgery was 39.2 years old. The predominant gender was female (65.6%).There were 396 cases of polyps (25.34%), 349 cases of cysts (22.33%), 261 cases of Reinke edema (16.7%), 175 cases of nodules (11.2%), 153 cases of minor structural alterations (MSAs) (9.79%), 94 cases of leukoplakia (6.01%), 77 cases of granulomas (4.93%) and 58 cases of pseudocysts (3.71%). The age presented statistical significance with the risk of surgical relapses (p = 0.016). Male gender was associated with the greatest chance of relapse.Diagnosis of granuloma (p < 0.001) and of leukoplakia (p < 0.001) were associated with a higher risk of surgical recurrence. Cyst diagnosis was associated with protection (p = 0.015) in relation to the chance of further surgeries. Patients with associated lesions, bilaterals or voice professionals did not present a statistically significant association with surgical recurrence. Conclusion Age and gender are statistically related to the increase of surgical relapses. Leukoplakia and granuloma are associated with increased surgical relapses. Patients submitted to cyst microsurgery appear to be protected against surgical recurrence.

scholarly journals Rubella Outbreak in Heballi Agasi Ward, Dharwad District, Karnataka, India, 2014–2015

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s380-s380
Author(s):  
Sree Kalpana Mohankumar ◽  
Vishweshwarayya Hiremath ◽  
Rajashree Koppad
Keyword(s):  
Attack Rate ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Routine Immunization ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Epidemic Curve ◽  
Surveillance Report ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Rubella Vaccination

Background: Countries that have good rubella surveillance, report ∼10,000–20,000 rubella cases annually. In India, not many cases of rubella are reported. The Hebballi Agasi ward of Dharwad district in Karnataka state, India, reported rubella cases on the last week of January 2015. Objective: We investigated the outbreak by time, place, person, and clinical symptoms. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study. We defined a case as any resident of Heballi Agasi who had fever and rash, with or without lymphadenopathy, arthralgia, conjunctivitis, coryza, and cough, after December 15, 2014. We collected sociodemographic details and clinical symptoms of patients. We collected 5 serum samples and sent them to the National Measles Laboratory, Bangalore. We tested for measles and rubella antibodies. We drew an epidemic curve and a spot map. We computed mean age of cases, and we calculated attack rates by mean age and gender. We calculated proportions to describe clinical symptoms, and we interviewed stakeholders regarding rubella vaccination. We continued surveillance until March 2015. Results: The population of Heballi Agasi was 1,458. We identified 15 rubella cases (9 girls and 6 boys). The outbreak lasted between December 10, 2014, and February 21, 2015, with a peak on January 16, 2015. The overall attack rate was 1% (15 of 1,458). The mean age of the cases was 6 years (range, 1–23). The attack rate was high (7.7%) among those aged 1–6 years (11 of 143). The attack rate among those aged >6 years was 0.3% (4 of 1,315). In addition to fever and rash, 93% of cases (14 of 15) had coryza, 47% had cough (7 of 15), and 40% had conjunctivitis (6 of 15). Lymphadenopathy was present in only 1 case (1 of 15), and arthralgia was absent among all 15 cases. There was no death among the cases. All 5 sera were positive for rubella and negative for measles. Rubella vaccination was not given for any of the cases because no rubella vaccination is provided in the routine immunization program. Conclusions: There was a rubella outbreak in Heballi Agasi ward. Children aged 1–6 years were most affected. We recommend rubella vaccination in the routine immunization.Funding: NoneDisclosures: None

scholarly journals Association between Industry Payments and Scholarly Impact among Academic Ophthalmologists

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (01) ◽  
pp. e1-e8
Author(s):  
Michael Solotke ◽  
Susan Forster ◽  
Jessica Chow ◽  
Jenesis Duran ◽  
Hasna Karim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Academic Rank ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
H Index ◽  
Residency Programs ◽  
Scholarly Impact ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Open Payments

Purpose The aim of this article is to examine the association between industry payments to ophthalmologists and scholarly impact. Design Retrospective cross-sectional study. Methods All ophthalmology faculty at United States accredited ophthalmology residency programs were included in this study. The main exposure was industry payments to ophthalmologists in 2016, as reported in the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services Open Payments Database. The primary outcome was Hirsch index (H-index), a measure of scholarly impact. Results Among 1,653 academic ophthalmologists in our study, 1,225 (74%) received industry payments in 2016. We did not observe a difference between the mean H-index of ophthalmologists receiving any industry payments versus those not receiving any payments (p = 0.68). In analysis including only ophthalmologists who received industry payments, H-index differed significantly by payment amount: 12.6 for ophthalmologists receiving less than $100, 12.2 for those receiving $100 to 1,000, 18.8 for those receiving $1,000 to 10,000, 21.3 for those receiving $10,000 to 100,000, and 29.4 for those receiving greater than $100,000 (p < 0.001). Within each academic rank and gender, industry payments greater than $1,000 were associated with a higher H-index (p < 0.05). Conclusions Although our analysis cannot prove causality, we observed a significant association between industry payments and scholarly impact among academic ophthalmologists, even after adjusting for gender, academic rank, and subspecialty. Prospective studies should further evaluate this relationship.

Reference intervals of spinal mobility measures in normal individuals: the mobility study

2014 ◽  
Vol 74 (6) ◽  
pp. 1218-1224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofia Ramiro ◽  
Astrid van Tubergen ◽  
Carmen Stolwijk ◽  
Désirée van der Heijde ◽  
Patrick Royston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Axial Spondyloarthritis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Spinal Mobility ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Percentile Curves ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Specific ◽  
Spinal Flexion

ObjectivesTo establish reference intervals (RIs) for spinal mobility measures as recommended for patients with axial spondyloarthritis, and to determine the effect of age, height and gender on spinal mobility, in normal individuals.MethodsA cross-sectional study (MOBILITY) was conducted among normal individuals aged 20–69 years. Recruitment was stratified by gender, age (10-year categories) and height (10 cm categories). Eleven spinal mobility measures were assessed. Age specific RIs and percentiles were derived for each measure.Results393 volunteers were included. All spinal mobility measures decreased with increasing age. Therefore, age specific RIs were developed. The 95% RIs (2.5th and 97.5th percentiles), as well as the 5th, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th and 90th percentiles for each spinal mobility measure and different ages are presented. Mobility percentile curves were also plotted for each of the measures. For instance, the 95% RI for lateral spinal flexion was 16.2–28.0 cm for a 25-year-old subject, 13.2–25.0 cm for a 45-year-old subject and 10.1–21.9 cm for a 65-year-old subject. After adjustment for age, there was no need for gender specific RIs, while RIs of some measures are height-adjusted.ConclusionsAge specific RIs and percentiles were derived for each of the spinal mobility measures for normal individuals. These may guide clinicians when assessing the mobility of patients with axial spondyloarthritis. The RIs may serve as cut-off levels for ‘normal’ versus ‘abnormal’, whereas the mobility percentile curves may be used to assess the level of mobility of patients with axial spondyloarthritis.

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