COGNITIVE IMPULSIVITY AND SOCIAL STATUS IN PREDELINQUENT PREADOLESCENT MALES

1979 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-215
Author(s):  
David S. Glenwick ◽  
Roxanne G. F. Croft ◽  
Ralph Barocas ◽  
Harvey K. Black

The relationship between cognitive impulsivity, as measured by Kagan's Matching Familiar Figures Test (MFF), and interpersonal popularity was investigated in a sample of 42 “predelinquent” preadolescent boys in a residential setting. Predictions that the relationship would vary with the specific sociometric situations sampled were generally not confirmed. In fact, both the latency and errors dimensions of the MFF proved to have comparatively little association with social status, with age and intelligence demonstrating much stronger correlations with sociometric scores. Similarities to, and differences from, results with nondelinquent populations are discussed, as are implications for attempts at modifying cognitive style.

1975 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 547-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
David S. Glenwick ◽  
Aden A. Burka

The relationship between cognitive impulsivity and perspective-taking ability was examined in 53 fourth-graders. Significant correlations were found between boys' (but not girls') perspective-taking skills (assessed by Chandler's test of egocentrism) and both dimensions of impulsivity, i.e., accuracy and latency, on Kagan's Matching Familiar Figures Test. Self-regulatory private speech is postulated as a possible construct mediating the development of role-taking skill, accurate matching performance, and a reflective tempo. Implications of the present results for programs attempting to modify cognitive style and future investigations of the development of other cognitive and personality variables are discussed.


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 148
Author(s):  
Arie Purwa Kusuma ◽  
S B Waluya ◽  
Rochmad Rochmad ◽  
S Mariani

Algebra is a branch of mathematics that uses mathematical statements to describe the relationship between various things. This study aims to describe the algebra problem solving abilities of students in the Linear Program course. There are differences in student problem solving, which are caused by students' cognitive styles. Reflective and impulsive cognitive styles based on the SOLO taxonomy. This research method is descriptive qualitative. The research was conducted at STKIP Kusuma Negara Jakarta. The research subjects consisted of 4 students, 2 students having a reflective cognitive style and 2 students having an impulsive style. Purposive sampling technique was used in taking the subjects.Data collection techniques used cognitive style test questions Matching Familiar Figures Test (MFFT), algebra problem solving test questions and interview guidelines. Data collection techniques used two techniques, namely written tests and interviews. Technical analysis of data by reducing data, presenting data, and drawing conclusions. From the data processing, the results of the research were 2 students whose have flexible cognitive style also have good algebra problem solving abilities and based on SOLO taxonomy reached the Extended abstract level. Meanwhile, students who have an impulsive cognitive style in solving algebra problems based more on the SOLO taxonomy have Multistructural and Unistructural levels. So each cognitive style of students gives the different results in solving problems.


1981 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon A. Sousley ◽  
Richard M. Gargiulo

The present study examined the relationship between cognitive style and reading readiness in 104 kindergarteners prior to and after exposure to a treatment designed to modify conceptual impulsivity. Correlations were also obtained between errors and latencies on the Matching Familiar Figures Test and performance on the Metropolitan Readiness Test. A multivariate analysis of variance indicated significant differences between impulsive and reflective children on the Metropolitan. Errors on the Matching Familiar Figures Test negatively correlated with performance on the Metropolitan while response latency was positively correlated. No treatment effect was evidenced on either dependent measure although selected pre- vs posttest differences were observed. The results were discussed in terms of the existing literature and educational implications.


2010 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Brambilla ◽  
Simona Sacchi ◽  
Federica Castellini ◽  
Paola Riva

Research has shown that perceived group status positively predicts competence stereotypes but does not positively predict warmth stereotypes. The present study identified circumstances in which group status positively predicts both warmth and competence judgments. Students (N = 86) rated one of two groups (psychologists vs. engineers) presented as either being low or high in social status on warmth and competence. Results showed that status positively predicted competence stereotypes for both groups, but warmth stereotypes only for psychologists, for whom warmth traits are perceived to be functional in goal achievement. Moreover, for psychologists perceived warmth mediated the relationship between status and perceived competence. Results are discussed in terms of the contextual malleability of the relationship between perceived status, warmth, and competence.


SUHUF ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 321-342
Author(s):  
Fathur Rosyid

Abstrak Kata Kunci: Pragamtik, Tindak Tutur, Implikatur, Kisah Sayyidah Maryam   Kisah Sayyidah Maryam dalam al-Qur’a>n merupakan salah-satu kisah yang menarik dikaji dengan pendekatan pragmatik. Hal ini disebabkan, secara tekstual, beliau adalah publik figur yang fenomenal, bahkan mengalahkan status sosial perempuan lainnya, sehingga namanya terdokumentasikan dalam satu surat khusus yang populer dengan sebutan ”Surat Maryam”. Kecuali itu, kisah tersebut juga termasuk kisah yang kaya dengan nuansa konteks. Sementara posisi ilmu prgamatik sendiri  merupakan disiplin keilmuan yang mengkaji satuan bahasa dari sudut pandang relasi antara konteks linguistik yang bersifat diadik dan konteks non-linguistik yang bersifat triadik. Penelitian ini hendak mengungkap dua hal; Pertama, apa yang dimaksud pragmatika al-Qur’a>n?. Kedua, bagaimana bentuk aplikasi pragmatik tindak tutur dan implikatur terhadap fragmentasi kisah kelahiran Sayyidah Maryam dalam al-Qur’an?. Tujuan kedua pertanyaan tersebut untuk memahami konsep prgamtika al-Qur’an, juga untuk mengungkap bentuk tindak tutur dan implikatur fragmentasi kisah kelahiran Sayyidah Maryam. Penelitian ini menghasilkan kesimpulan; Pertama, pragmatika al-Qur’an adalah suatu disiplin ilmu yang mengkaji al-Qur’a>n dari sudut pandang relasi antara konteks kebahasaan dengan konteks non-kebahasaan. Kedua, tindak tutur fragmentasi kisah kelahiran Sayyidah Maryam yang terdapat dalam Qs. A<li ‘Imra>n (03): 36, lokusinya berupa kalimat informatif, sementara illokusinya merupakan bentuk kalimat asertif yang bermakna mengeluh. Adapun implikaturnya sebagai pelajaran, bahwa jika segala sesuatu telah dipasrahkan sama Allah swt. maka tidak pantas mencari kesalahan atas peraturan yang telah ditetapkan-Nya.               Abstract Keywords: Pragamtik, Speech Acts, implicatures, Story of Sayyidah Maryam   The story of Sayyidah Maryam in the al-Qur'a>n is one-on-one interesting stories studied with a pragmatic approach. This is due, textually, he is a public figure who is phenomenal, even beating out other women's social status, so the name is documented in a special letter that is popularly known as "Surah Maryam". Except that, the story also included a story rich with nuances of context. While the position pragamatic science itself is a scientific discipline that examines unit of language from the perspective of the relationship between linguistic context that is both dyadic and non-linguistic context that is triadic. This research seeks to reveal two things; First, what is meant pragmatic al-Qur'a>n?. Second, how the application form pragmatics of speech acts and implicatures to fragmentation birth story of Sayyidah Maryam in the al-Qur'a>n?. The second purpose of these questions to understand the concept pragamtic al-Qur'a>n, as well as to reveal the shape of speech acts and implicatures fragmentation of the birth story of Sayyidah Maryam. This research resulted in the conclusion; First, the pragmatics of the al-Qur’a>n is a discipline that examines al-Qur'a>n from the viewpoint of the relationship between linguistic context with non-linguistic context. Second, the speech act fragmentation birth story of Sayyidah Maryam contained in Qs. A<li 'Imra>n (03): 36, locutionary acts be informative sentence, while illocutionary acts an assertive form meaningful sentences complaining. The implicature as a lesson, that if everything was handled the same God, it is inappropriate to find fault with the regulations set his.


2021 ◽  
pp. 088626052110234
Author(s):  
Yuchi Zhang ◽  
Xiaoyu Lan ◽  
Guanyu Cui ◽  
Jingke Wang

Bullying bystander behavior has an important effect on bullying—both in stopping and facilitating it. Although bullying bystander behaviors have long been understood as a peer group process, existing research that focuses on the role of peer factors is still limited. Moreover, less is known about the social cognitive-related role of peer factors and its underlying mechanisms in adolescents’ bullying bystander behaviors. Accordingly, using resource control theory, this study examines the mediating effects of popularity goals on the associations between social status insecurity and bullying bystander behaviors (active defending behaviors, passive bystanding behaviors) among 333 Chinese adolescents (181 males; Mage = 13.10; SD = .50). Analyses were conducted using SPSS 23 to conduct descriptive and correlation analyses. The hypothesized mediation model was tested using a structural equation modeling approach with bootstrapping techniques (bootstrap replications: 5,000) using AMOS 23. The results showed that popularity goals fully mediated the relationship between adolescents’ social status insecurity and their active defending behaviors. No gender differences in these mediating effects were observed. The results also indicated that popularity goals did not mediate the relationship between social status insecurity and passive bystanding behaviors. These findings enrich our understanding of bullying bystander behaviors and highlight the positive role of social cognitive factors (e.g., popularity goals) in active defending behaviors. Our findings deepen our understanding of bullying bystanders through integrating proximate and ultimate approaches. Our findings have significant practical implications, which suggest that school anti-bullying interventions should value the positive roles of social status insecurity and popularity goals in promoting active defending behaviors.


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