scholarly journals STRUCTURE AND ROLE OF THE RITE OF PASSAGE IN THE MOURNING CEREMONIES IN ANCIENT CHINA (FOLLOWING THE "LI JI" CONFUCIAN TREATISE)

2019 ◽  
pp. 67-76
Author(s):  
Irina B. Keidun ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Rite Of Passage ◽  
Ancient China ◽  
Life And Death ◽  
Other World

In each and every culture death is regarded as the most important event during the course of a person’s lifetime. The living were obliged to strictly follow the rules, governing the funeral and mourning rites in order to safeguard the passage of the deceased into the “other” world. On top of that, abiding regulations helped to neutralize the danger that appeared during the transit period and was a result of an interaction between life and death, it also helped society to restore its balance and to make sure it can peacefully continue its existence.Confucian culture too placed a big emphasis on the matters regarding the burial of the deceased and the following mourning after them. The “Li ji” canonical treatise, composed in the I century BC, contains a lot of various instructions regarding the mourning rites. These regulations, analyzed in the paradigm of concept of the rite of passage by A. van Gennep, allow to conclude that the mourning rite of ancient China does in general breaks down into the same stages as the other ceremonies of passage.

scholarly journals STUDYING THE ARTISTIC DETAIL (based on Donna Tartt’s novel «The Goldfinch»)

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (192) ◽  
pp. 80-84
Author(s):  
Olha Kozii ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Adult Male ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Main Character ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Part D ◽  
Life And Death ◽  
Critical Situation

«The Goldfinch» is a story of a boy and later an adult male Theodore Decker who accidentally obtains a masterpiece. The writer, as a surgeon, separates one second of expectation from the other, detail from detail. The reader is presented not just a frightened child but deep sorrow of the loss of the whole world. In the second chapter of the first part D. Tartt reveals herself as a skillful psychologist, skillfully accustoms herself to the inner state of the main character, with him she travels through the memories, tracks associative relationships he makes. The writer brilliantly follows all defense mechanisms of a man who is faced with the inevitability. The author uses gradation way of describing while stringing visual and auditory details, retards artistic time. The writing of D. Tartt is characterized by the unique skill in the detail describing. The role of artistic detail in the process of inner state depicting is investigated. The author touches upon the problem of the depicting of critical situation in the novel. The attention is paid to the writer’s skills in showing main character’s feelings, memoirs, thoughts, associative relations and human nocifensor in critical situations. It is admitted that in case of such temporal and space detail the most suitable way of analysis is «in succession to the author». Thus, in the novel The Goldfinch D.Tartt declares herself a talented master of words, subtle psychologist and philosopher. As a surgeon, the writer separates one second of expectation from the other, detail from detail. Therefore, the reader can observe not just a frightened child but deep sorrow of the loss of the whole world. This is achieved by the skillful combination of visual and auditory details that create convex emotionally saturated images filled with heartbeat of life. The author dowers the main character – both a teenager and an adult man – with the ability to see deep philosophical maxims in small details, to decipher the message from the artist, to understand the dialectical interpenetration of life and death. Because of such careful author's treatment to the artistic time and space the most appropriate way to study seems to be the analysis «in succession to the author».

Ghosts and Religious Life in Early China

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mu-Chou Poo
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Ancient Egypt ◽  
Vantage Point ◽  
Early China ◽  
Religious Activities ◽  
Ancient China ◽  
Ghost Stories ◽  
Life And Death ◽  
Fear And Anxiety

For modern people, ghost stories are no more than thrilling entertainment. For those living in antiquity, ghosts were far more serious beings, as they could affect the life and death of people and cause endless fear and anxiety. How did ancient societies imagine what ghosts looked like, what they could do, and how people could deal with them? From the vantage point of modernity, what can we learn about an obscure, but no less important aspect of an ancient culture? In this volume, Mu-chou Poo explores the ghosts of ancient China, the ideas that they nurtured, and their role in its culture. His study provides fascinating insights into the interaction between the idea of ghosts and religious activities, literary imagination, and social life devoted to them. Comparing Chinese ghosts with those of ancient Egypt, Mesopotamia, Greece, and Rome, Poo also offers a wider perspective on the role of ghosts in human history.

scholarly journals De disciple à mentor : le parcours exemplaire de Christine de Pizan

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Madeleine Jeay
Keyword(s):  
Divine Comedy ◽  
Christine De Pizan ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other World ◽  
Own Name ◽  
The City

From disciple to mentor, this is the path followed by Christine de Pizan. She begins to stage herself under the guidance of allegorical personifications such as the Cumaean Sibyl in Chemin de long estude (The Long Road of Learning), and Reason, Rectitude and Justice in the Livre de la Cité des Dames (The Book of the City of Ladies) et le Livre des trois Vertus (The Book of the Three Virtues). Then she assumes in her own name the role of mentor. The initiatory quest she undertakes in the first of these texts, refers to the well-known topos of the trip to the Other World under the guidance of an emblematic figure, represented by two major works that inspired her, Dante’s Divine Comedy and Virgil’s Aeneid.

scholarly journals 評《大乘中觀哲學的生死觀》一文

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-91
Author(s):  
Kam Ming YIP
Keyword(s):  
Hospice Care ◽  
Death And Dying ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fear Of Death ◽  
Contemporary Society ◽  
Life And Death ◽  
Central Thesis ◽  
Digital Commons ◽  
Other World ◽  
Major Defect

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract in English only.This article comments on Zhang Ying’s essay “Death and Dying in Chinese Madhyāmika Buddhism”. The central thesis of Zhang’s essay is that Madhyāmika’s non-dualist approach to samsara and nirvana, this world and the other world, and life and death helps narrow the gap between life and death and consequently remove our fear of death, which in turn has important implications for hospice care. However, Zhang did not explain how this non-duality can be put into practice, which is a major defect of Zhang’s paper. And if accessibility to non-duality in practice is not fully explained, people’s confusion around hospice care remains. Moreover, Zhang’s essay fails to explain the implications of Madhyāmika’s non-dualist approach for the practice of hospice care in contemporary society, which Zhang promised to do so.DOWNLOAD HISTORY | This article has been downloaded 147 times in Digital Commons before migrating into this platform.

scholarly journals Representation of the World in the Novels of Arzhan Adarov

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 320-337
Author(s):  
Margarita S. Dedina
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
The Other ◽  
Individual Choice ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Historical Reconstruction ◽  
Fictional World ◽  
Life And Death ◽  
Difficult Time ◽  
The World ◽  
Other World

The fictional world in A.O. Adarov’s novels corresponds to several levels of narration. First, there is the “real” time of the novel’s events; second, historical reconstruction given through subjective focalization; third, the realm of the unreal conveyed by visions and dreams. The novel shows the modeled reality from the perspective of a particular person, a survivor of political repressions. Through the categories of life and death, love and fate, honor and dignity, the novel speaks of the eternal ontological values and the importance of self-identification in a very difficult time, a time of re-evaluation of old values and the search for moral guidelines. According to the author’s concept, traditional folk constants play a crucial role in the worldview and perception of the world and turn out to be crucial for individual choice. The sacralization of space and the presence of a symbolically charged topos in the center of the fictional world, itself an infinite mosaic of various local territories, supports the idea of the spatial structure of the novel as a single cosmic whole. Conventional chronotopic boundaries as well as the theme of death as a pass to the other world present in all the novels of this author, together with the motif of the “eternal return,” support his conception of the soul’s immortality.

scholarly journals Die liefde wat die son beweeg en die ander sterre: Digterlike transendering – tot die vermenigvuldigde lewe ontroer

Literator ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A.S. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Life And Death ◽  
Poetic Inspiration ◽  
Creative Role

The love that moves the sun and the other stars – Poetic transcendence, stirred to live the multifaceted life: The oeuvre of T.T. Cloete may be characterised, among other possibilities, by a sensitive perception of a mystic interconnectedness in creation. This interconnectedness is developed and interpreted in many ways. The poetic potential of the female (Woman), in different forms, is one of the central themes being activated. In a recently published de luxe publication, Uit die wit lig van my land gesny, the poet focuses on the creative role of woman in the grand act of creation, identifying her role as a kind of hair-spring of poetic inspiration and design. Woman, alternatively Anna Perenna, the Universal Mother, is not only bearer of an embryo being transformed unto spirit, but she also acts as a source of light (’sun woman’), actualising cosmic insight. It is part of the interwoven patterns characterising humankind’s place in a hologram of life. The poet compares these poetic patterns to the weaving of Persian rugs. The ancient forms inscribed in the memories of ancestors are communicated to the next generation. Poetic transcendence is developed as a process through which a wealth of colours of life and death is inspired by individual as well as universal femininity.

scholarly journals The role of the furnace in Karelians funeral and memorial rites and folk medicine

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 176-183
Author(s):  
Yevgeniy V. Karakin ◽  
Tatyana V. Pashkova
Keyword(s):  
Folk Medicine ◽  
The Other ◽  
Funeral Rites ◽  
Common Features ◽  
The World ◽  
The Common ◽  
Other World ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The Baltic

Introduction. The article studies the role of the furnace in funeral-memorial rite and folk medicine of the Karelians. The study examines the functions of the furnace at all stages of the funeral-memorial rite, starting with the death of a person. The authors address the issue of the function of the furnace in folk medicine, focusing on healing and protective magic, which also traces the furnace with one of its functions: an intermediary between the earthly and the afterlife. The relevance of this study is determined by the absence of special works based on Karelian material, as well as in comparison with the Finno-Ugric and Slavic peoples. Materials and Methods. The material for the study was the funeral-memorial rites of Karelians and Karelian folk medicine studied using comparative-historical and comparative-comparative methods. Results and Discussion. This article analyzes the functioning of the furnace in funeral-memorial rites and folk medicine of the Karelians. The analysis considered the data of the Baltic-Finnish peoples (Karelians, Finns, Vepsians) and, more generally Finno-Ugric peoples. In addition, it reviewed the information about the traditions of Russians who originally lived at the same territory with the Karelians. In the course of the study, it established the common features in the rites at all stages of burial of the studied peoples, and in folk medicine at the moment of a person passing away when a dying person departs to another world and. Conclusion. Household items, funeral ceremonies and folk medicine appearing in funeral rites, as well as some representatives of the fauna were endowed with the ability to be an intermediary between the earthly and the underworld. Among the household items, a furnace and its utensils associated with the cult of ancestors, which were endowed with cathartic and apotropic functions and played a crucial role in the final rite of a person’s life cycle. According to data on Karelian folk medicine, it was believed that a dog, a snake and a crow have a connection with the “other” world, where diseases come from. For example, a dog was used in medical rites to remove the disease from the world of people to the «other» world. In some cases, both a dog and a furnace appear in the process of treatment.

Plasma Levels of Protein S, Protein C, and Factor X: Effects of Sex, Hormonal State and Age

1995 ◽  
Vol 74 (05) ◽  
pp. 1271-1275 ◽  
Author(s):  
C M A Henkens ◽  
V J J Bom ◽  
W van der Schaaf ◽  
P M Pelsma ◽  
C Th Smit Sibinga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Protein C ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Protein S ◽  
The Other ◽  
Factor X ◽  
Normal Ranges

SummaryWe measured total and free protein S (PS), protein C (PC) and factor X (FX) in 393 healthy blood donors to assess differences in relation to sex, hormonal state and age. All measured proteins were lower in women as compared to men, as were levels in premenopausal women as compared to postmenopausal women. Multiple regression analysis showed that both age and subgroup (men, pre- and postmenopausal women) were of significance for the levels of total and free PS and PC, the subgroup effect being caused by the differences between the premenopausal women and the other groups. This indicates a role of sex-hormones, most likely estrogens, in the regulation of levels of pro- and anticoagulant factors under physiologic conditions. These differences should be taken into account in daily clinical practice and may necessitate different normal ranges for men, pre- and postmenopausal women.

On the role of the dispute between "non-possessors" and "Josephites" in the culture of Moscow's prediction

1998 ◽  
pp. 61-62
Author(s):  
N. S. Jurtueva
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Moral Transformation ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
The Future ◽  
Secular Power

In the XIV century. centripetal tendencies began to appear in the Moscow principality. Inside the Russian church, several areas were distinguished. Part of the clergy supported the specificobar form. The other understood the need for transformations in society. As a result, this led to a split in the Russian church in the 15th century for "non-possessors" and "Josephites". The former linked the fate of the future with the ideology of hesychasm and its moral transformation, while the latter sought support in alliance with a strong secular power.

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