The history of medicine and the history of mankind have a common long-standing past. In this article, based on our thorough and thorough research, we highlight the historical and legal foundations of the development of medicine and humanity. We began our research precisely from the earliest times (the Neanderthals, who lived about 350-35 thousand years ago), that is, from the time of human birth. Based on the analysis of the results of archaeological, anthropological studies and historical sources, we have legally proved that, from the earliest stages of human development, medicine existed alongside the primordial person.
Humanity has evolved, and so has medicine. Quite meaningfully, we have explored ancient Egyptian medicine, which is the oldest of the officially documented medical systems that existed from the XXXIII century BC. BC to 525 BC It was the most advanced for its time and even included simple non-invasive surgery, fracture treatments and a large set of pharmacopoeia. Ancient Egyptian medicine influenced many of the following medical systems of the Ancient World, including the Greek. Researching the state of medicine in Ancient Egypt, we came to the conclusion that treatment not only helped people, but sometimes, on the contrary, greatly harmed the health of patients. For example, many recipes include the mandatory use of manure, which contains fermentation products and mold, which is very dangerous for the body. However, despite these negative results, we can say that medical practice in ancient Egypt was quite advanced. The Egyptians understood that the disease needed to be treated with pharmaceuticals, and sometimes to undergo surgery. The study of this period has made it possible to conclude that medicine develops inseparably in connection with human development, and society uses the acquired medical knowledge for its own well-being. The study of the development of medicine and humanity of ancient India, gives reason to argue that due to advanced medical education, society has come to the conclusion that medicine is a component of human life and the key to its development and continuation. It was during this period that humanity moved to a new stage of health care when control of medicine by the state came to light. It is in India that public institutions have begun to consider the medical sector one of the main tools for ensuring the well-being of citizens. And in ancient China, medicine gained state support and became the basis for the development of society on a par with religion. Medical education received a tremendous boost. The knowledge given to the world of medicine by the doctors of Ancient Greece, led by Hippocrates, became the basis of all modern practical medicine.
The results obtained in our study, based on historical facts, prove that medicine originated with the appearance of man and subsequently existed and evolved with the development of man.
Keywords: history, humanity, medicine, medical activities, medical education.
TWO LETTERS BY V.V. ROZANOV TO B.A. TURAEV FROM THE ARCHIVES OF THE STATE HERMITAGE MUSEUM