scholarly journals SELECTION AND DETERMINATION OF THE OPTIMAL CONCENTRATION OF THE PLATELET AGGREGATION INDUCER IN INTENSIVE THERAPY OF PATIENTS WITH COVID-19 INFECTION

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 16-24
Author(s):  
A.V. Marochkov ◽  
◽  
◽  
A.L. Lipnitski ◽  
A.G. Starovoitov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Intensive Therapy ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

The change in platelet function that occurs in patients during treatment for a new coronavirus infection can be determined using the platelet aggregation method. Objectives. To determine optimal inducer of platelet aggregation and to assess its prognostic significance in intensive therapy of patients with COVID-19 infection. Material and methods. 34 patients with new coronavirus infection were included in group 1, and 30 healthy women were included in group 2. The study of platelet aggregation was carried out by the turbidimetric method with AP2110 analyzer (SOLAR, Results. The area under the aggregation curve was statistically significantly greater in patients in group 1 when using an ADP inducer at a dose of 0.3 μg/ml (69.1 (27.3; 164.4) unit in comparison with 55.3 (31.5; 68.2) units in group 2, p<0.001). When using an ADP inducer in high concentrations of 1.25 and 2.5 μg/ml and an adrenaline inducer in concentrations of 2.5 and 5 μM, the area under the curve in patients with COVID-19 infection was statistically significantly lower compared to group 2. The area under the aggregation curve according to the Hosmer-Lemeshov criterion has been found to be an independent predictor of death in the intensive care unit (Chi-square=5.074, p=0.06 for ADP 0.3 μg/ml and Chi square=15.121, p=0.057 for ADP 0.6 μg/ml). Conclusions. A comparative analysis of platelet aggregation using inducers of ADP, adrenaline and collagen has shown that in patients with new coronavirus infection, the degree of coagulation imbalance should be determined according to the indications obtained with an ADP inducer at a dose of 0.3 and 0.6 μg/ml.

Epicardial obesity as a significant preclinical predictor of atherosclerosis of brachiocephalic arteries

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Ott ◽  
G.A Chumakova
Keyword(s):  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Subclinical Atherosclerosis ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Visceral Obesity ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Brachiocephalic Arteries ◽  
Group 1

Abstract   Obesity is one of the significant factors of cardiovascular risk. Nowadays it is understood that it is visceral obesity (VO), which has metabolic activity due to the synthesis of adipokines, that determines cardiometabolic risk. The effect of epicardial obesity (EO), as a variant of VO on the formation of cardiometabolic risk (in particular coronary atherosclerosis) is being actively studied. The role of EO in the development of atherosclerosis of other localizations has been little studied. Objective To study the predictor value of EO as well as traditional criteria for obesity: body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) for the formation of atherosclerosis of brachiocephalic arteries (BCA). Materials and methods The study included 140 men 45.2±4.3 years old with arterial hypertension (AH) of the 1–3 degree and the absence of clinical manifestations and anamnesis of atherosclerosis of any localizations with a BMI of 20–35 kg /m2 and abdominal obesity according to WC ≥94 cm. Patients were divided into two groups depending on the thickness of the epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) measured behind the free wall of the right ventricle by echocardiography. Group 1 consisted of 60 patients with epicardial obesity (EAT ≥7 mm), group 2 included patients without epicardial obesity (EAT &lt;7 mm). Subclinical atherosclerosis of BCA was evaluated in all subjects using duplex brachiocephalic arteries (BCA). Results When assessing the thickness of the intima-media of the carotid arteries (TIM), a subclinical marker of BCA atherosclerosis, higher average TIM values in group 1 (EAT ≥7 mm) were revealed (1.09±0.34 mm versus 0.74±0, 05 mm in group 2 (EAT &lt;7 mm) (p=0.0001). Prevalence of subclinical BCA atherosclerosis from (20–45%) in group 1 patients was found in 57%, in group 2 only 4% (p=0.01). In the first group, hemodynamically significant asymptomatic BCA stenosis (50–65%) was found in 8% of patients. No hemodynamically significant BCA stenosis was detected in the second group. Using ROC analysis, the threshold value of EAT (9.25 mm) was obtained as a risk factor for hemodynamically significant stenoses of BCA (50% or more) with high prognostic significance (the area under the curve was 0.92). Using multivariate analysis of variance, the effect of various criteria of obesity on the formation of BCA atherosclerosis was studied. As a result of the analysis it was revealed that only EAT (p=0.02) influenced the development of BCA atherosclerosis (TIM more than 1.3 mm). WC and BMI did not affect the development of BCA subclinical atherosclerosis (p=0.21; p=0.24, respectively). Conclusions EO (EAT ≥7 mm) is an early marker of BCA subclinical atherosclerosis in contrast to the traditional criteria for obesity (BMI, WC). Patients with EAT of 9.25 mm or more need additional examinations and the appointment of pharmacotherapy aimed at the prevention of secondary complications. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

scholarly journals Integrative parameter of platelet aggregation in intensive care of COVID-19 patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 99-107
Author(s):  
A. V. Marochkov ◽  
A. L. Lipnitski ◽  
A. G. Starovoitov ◽  
V. U. Dazortsava ◽  
V. A. Livinskaya
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Maximum Degree ◽  
Time Rate ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Lemeshow Test ◽  
Aggregation Parameters ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Healthy Females ◽  
Group 1

Objective. To conduct a comparative analysis of changes in platelet aggregation parameters in COVID-19 patients which are related to anticoagulant therapy and to determine the effectiveness of the integrative parameter of platelet aggregation.Materials and methods. 34 patients with confirmed COVID-19 (group 1) were included into the study. To compare the obtained results, healthy females were included into group 2 (n = 30). The following parameters of aggregation were determined: degree, time, rate and area of aggregation (until its maximum degree).Results. The area of aggregation is the best among all the parameters of platelet aggregation to diagnose COVID-19 in patients according to the Hosmer-Lemeshow test: with an ADP inducer — 0.3 μg/ml (Chi-square = 9.481, p = 0.303); ADP — 1.25 μg/ml (Chi square = 12.577, p = 0.127); ADP — 2.5 μg/ml (Chi-square = 6.226, p = 0.622); adrenaline — 2.5 μM (Chi-square = 7.367, p = 0.498); adrenaline — 5 μM (Chi-square = 6.824, p = 0.556).Conclusion. The area of aggregation is an informative integrative parameter that allows to quantify the degree of aggregation in the treatment of hypercoagulation syndrome in COVID-19 patients.

scholarly journals Implementation of molecular genetic tests in the diagnostics of thyroid cancer: own research

2021 ◽  
pp. 9-16
Author(s):  
O. P. Nechay ◽  
O. A. Tovkai ◽  
V. O. Palamarchuk ◽  
N. I. Belemets ◽  
S. І. Nikolayenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Pathogenic Mutation ◽  
Endocrine Surgery ◽  
Pathogenic Mutations ◽  
Endocrine Organs ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Aim — to investigate the significance of BRAFV600E, NRAS, KRAS, HRAS, RET/PTC (RET/PTC1 and RER/PTC3), PAX8/PPARg mutations for the development and course of thyroid cancer with the determination of a significant predictor mutation. Materials and methods. The analysis included 63 selected case histories of patients who, at the preoperative stage, underwent molecular genetic testing (MHT) of the thyroid gland (TG) masses and subsequently underwent surgical treatment in the surgical department of the Ukrainian Scientific and Practical Center for Endocrine Surgery, Transplantation of Endocrine Organs and Tissues. The average age of the patients was 41.0 ± 1.8 years; from them 7men and56women. All patients underwent fine-needle aspiration puncture biopsy(FNAB) of thyroid nodules according to the standard method followed by a cytological conclusion in accordance with the Bethesda system.The Bethesda III category was revealed in 3 patients (4.8 %), Bethesda IV — 13 patients (20.6 %), Bethesda V — 12 patients (19.0 %), Bethesda VI in 35 (55.6 %) patients. The pathogenic mutations were detected in 47 (74.6 %) patients (group 1), among them two mutations were simultaneously found in two subjects. In 16 cases (25.4 %), no pathogenic mutation was found at all (group 2). Results. The genes that occurred most often were BRAFV600E — in 35 patients (55.6 %), NRAS — in 11 patients (17.5 %), KRAS — in 3 patients (4.8 %). In case of thyroid cancerdiagnosis, pathogenic mutations were found in 38 (79.1 %) subjects. The BRAFV600E gene mutation was observed when establishing a cytological conclusion classified as Bethesda III—V in 28.9 %, and in Bethesda V and in 77.1 %. Accordingly, the sensitivity of the test was low — 0.646, specificity — 0.733. The high prognostic significance of a positive result(PPV) value (from 0.784 to 0.943) indicated the likelihood of detecting thyroid cancer. This assumption confirms the calculation of the c-square criterion with the Yates correction, which is 5.207 (p = 0.023). The use of this test for the presence of the NRAS gene to detect thyroid cancer was ineffective, the value of the c -square criterion with Yates correction = 0.009 (p = 0.927). The incidence of thyroid cancer in group 1 in the cytological class Bethesda III—V was higher than in group 2, but it did not differ significantly between the groups. The aggressiveness of thyroid cancer in patients of group 1 with a positive MHT result did not have significant differences compared with the results obtained in group 2 (39.5 % and 33.3 %, respectively). Conclusions. The use of the kit for the determination of MHTmade it possible to identify pathogenic mutations in the genes BRAFV600E, NRAS, KRAS in 79.1 % of cases. The presence of these genes in combination with the analysis of cytomorphological findings classified according to the Bethesda III—V system did not increase the detection of thyroid cancer in the studied patients. The BRAFV600E gene, which was observed in 64.6 % of cases (PPV from 0.784 to 0.943), was a significant predictor among the studied candidate genes for establishing the diagnosis of thyroid cancer. Detection of a pathogenic mutation in patients with thyroid cancer did not indicate in favour of its aggressive course.

scholarly journals Do Camels (Camelus dromedarius) Need Shaded Areas? A Case Study of the Camel Market in Doha

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 480
Author(s):  
Martina Zappaterra ◽  
Laura Menchetti ◽  
Leonardo Nanni Costa ◽  
Barbara Padalino
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Variable Space ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Sun And Shade ◽  
Poor Welfare ◽  
Group 1

This study aimed at documenting whether dromedary camels have a preference for shade and how their behavior would change depending on the presence of shade and variable space allowance. A total of 421 animals kept in 76 pens (66 with shelter (Group 1), and 10 without shelter (Group 2)) at the camel market in Doha (Qatar) were recorded for 1 min around 11:00 a.m. when the temperature was above 40 °C. The number of animals in the sun and shade and their behaviors were analyzed using an ad libitum sampling method and an ad hoc ethogram. The results of a chi-square test indicated that camels in Group 1 had a clear preference for shade (p < 0.001). The majority of Group 1 camels were indeed observed in the shade (312/421; 74.11%). These camels spent more time in recumbency and ruminating, while standing, walking, and self-grooming were more commonly expressed by the camels in the sun (p < 0.001). Moreover, locomotory stereotypic behaviors (i.e., pacing) increased as space allowance decreased (p = 0.002). Based on the findings of this pilot study, camels demonstrated a preference for shade; shade seemed to promote positive welfare, while overcrowding seemed to trigger stereotypy and poor welfare. Overall, our preliminary results are novel and provide evidence that shaded areas are of paramount importance for camel welfare. Further research, involving designed studies at multiple locations is needed to confirm these results.

scholarly journals Effect of vitamin A on severity of acute diarrhea in children

2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 125
Author(s):  
Marlisye Marpaung ◽  
Supriatmo Supriatmo ◽  
Atan Baas Sinuhaji
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Stool Consistency ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Vitamin A Supplementation ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Stool Volume ◽  
Group 1

Background Vitamin A deficiency may increase the risk or bea cause of diarrhea. Many studies have been conducted on theefficacy of vitamin A in the management of acute diarrhea, butthe outcomes remain inconclusive.Objective To determine the effectiveness of vitamin A in reducingthe severity of acute diarrhea in children.Methods We performed a single􀁈blind􀁈randomized controlledtrial in the Secanggang District, Langkat Regency, North ofSumatera, from August 2009 to January 2010 in children aged6 months to 5 years, who had diarrheas. Subjects were dividedinto two groups. Group 1 received a single dose of vitamin A(100,000 IU for subjects aged 6 to 11 month old or with bodyweights :s 10 kg, or 200,000 IU for subjects aged 2: 12 month oldor with body weights> 10 kg). Group 2 received a single doseof placebo. The establishment of severity was based on changesin diarrheal frequency, stool consistency, volume and durationof diarrhea after treatment. We performed independent T􀁈testand Chi square tests for statistical analyses. The study was anintention􀁈to􀁈treat analysis.Results We enrolled 120 children who were randomized intotwo groups of 60 subjects each. Group 1, received vitamin Aand group 2 received a placebo. The results showed significantdifferences between the two groups in stool volume starting onthe first day (95%CI 192.30 to 3237.51; P􀁉O.OOI), as well asdiarrheal frequency (P=O.OOl) and stool consistency (P=O.OOl)on the second day observation and duration of diarrhea followingtreatment (95%CI - 40.60 to - 25.79; P􀁉O.OOI;).Conclusions Vitamin A supplementation is effective in reducingthe severity of acute diarrhea in children under five years of age.[Paediatr lndones. 2013;53:125-31.]

Abstract 111: Exclusive Involvement of Interventional Cardiologist in the Decision Making Process Improves Door-to-balloon Time by Significant Shortening of Decision-to-balloon Time Instead of EKG-to-decision Time In ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daming Zhu ◽  
Yuanyuan Zhang ◽  
Nowwar Mustafa ◽  
Angela Hoban ◽  
Dan Murphy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Time ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Primary Pci ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Comprehensive Strategy ◽  
Interventional Cardiologist ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Door To Balloon ◽  
Group 1

Background: We have had a “one call activation system” for primary PCI at our regional academic center since 1999. The ED physician initiated the system with the decision for primary PCI made by cardiologist (interventional or non-interventional) on call. But since July 1, 2009, only interventional cardiologists are involved in the decision making process. Otherwise, the comprehensive strategy remained the same. As we have reported previously, this new strategy resulted in a shortened door-to-balloon (D2B) time. In the present study, we analyzed the D2B timeline intervals to determine where the major gains were achieved. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 665 consecutive patients presenting to our institution with suspicion of acute STEMI during a 30-month period. Group 1 consisted of patients in the 12 months (July 1 2008-June 30 2009) before and Group 2 consisted of patients in the 18 months (July 1 2009-Dec. 31 2010) after the system change was instituted. Mann-Whitney U test and chi-square test were used for statistical analysis. Results: 218 patients in group 1 were taken to the cath lab of which 180 received primary PCI. 349 patients in group 2 were taken to the cath lab of which 275 received primary PCI. The results were presented in the table. Conclusions: Comprehensive strategy with exclusive involvement of interventional cardiologist resulted in a significant decrement in decision-to-balloon time. The EKG-to-decision time did not decrease, contrary to our expectation.

Abstract 1756: Determination of the Mechanism of Elevated Left Ventricular Filling Pressures with Exercise: A Simultaneous Echocardiographic-Catheterization Study

Circulation ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 116 (suppl_16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wissam A Jaber ◽  
Barry A Borlaug ◽  
Margaret M Redfield ◽  
Pui W Lee ◽  
Steve R Ommen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Group ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Filling Pressure ◽  
Ventricular Relaxation ◽  
Rate Table ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Ventricular Filling ◽  
Group 1

Background: Exercise normally enhances LV relaxation with minimal change in filling pressure (P). We hypothesize that exercise in hypertensive (HTN) patients increases LV diastolic P through a direct effect on relaxation and ventricular-vascular coupling. Methods: Patients (n=21) with HTN, normal EF, and no coronary disease underwent simultaneous micromanometer LV P and echo-Doppler measurements at rest and with low level supine exercise (12 bicycle; 9 arm weight). Continuous volume (V) was obtained from mitral Doppler inflow and end-diastolic (ED) and end-systolic (ES) V from 2-D echo. Relaxation-corrected LV diastolic P was used for PV relationship P = α.e β*V ; to account for covariance in α and β, LV capacitance (EDV 20 = Ln[20mmHg/α]/β) was reported. Single beat method was used for LV ES elastance (Ees). Group 1 did not increase mean LV diastolic P (mDP) with exercise, Group 2 increased mDP >6mmHg. Results: LV diastolic P and arterial and LV ES elastance increased with exercise; EDV was stable; EDV 20 decreased. Compared to Group 1, Group 2 had a greater exercise-induced increase in afterload, associated with increase in LV minimal P and impaired augmentation of relaxation rate (Table & Figure ). Conclusions: In patients with HTN, impairment of ventricular relaxation plays a major role in causing LV filling P increase with exercise, which is related to ventricular-vascular coupling.

Determination of alpha 2-macroglobulin-trypsin complex with a new synthetic substrate.

1989 ◽  
Vol 35 (11) ◽  
pp. 2169-2172 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Kuroiwa ◽  
S Nakatsuyama ◽  
K Katayama ◽  
T Nagasawa
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Colorimetric Assay ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Pancreatic Disease ◽  
Chromogenic Substrate ◽  
Standard Curve ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract We have developed a colorimetric assay for quantifying alpha 2-macroglobulin-trypsin complex (alpha 2M-TRY) in human serum, based on use of a new chromogenic substrate D-gamma-tert-butyloxy-Glu-Gly-Arg-3-carboxy-4-hydroxyanilide dihydrochloride (PS-3001). Within-run CVs by this assay were 4.76%, 1.57%, and 0.83% for trypsin complex concentrations of 3.1, 12.2, and 48.1 U/L, respectively (n = 10 each). Between-day CVs were 5.38%, 3.12%, and 2.20% at each concentration, respectively (n = 7). Mean analytical recoveries of alpha 2M-TRY added to serum were 100%, 105%, and 101% for 9.2, 15.1, and 46.3 U/L, respectively (n = 2). The standard curve obtained was linear up to 330 U/L. We applied this method to the study of alpha 2M-TRY activity in sera from 97 healthy subjects (group 1), from 27 patients with acute pancreatitis (group 2), and from 25 patients with other chylopoietic diseases (group 3); results ranged from 0 to 1.2 U/L (mean = 0.5, SD = 0.3), from 1.2 to 77.4 U/L (mean = 14.6, SD = 19.0), and from 0 to 1.3 U/L (mean = 0.4, SD = 0.3), respectively. Concentrations of enzymatically active alpha 2M-TRY were significantly greater in sera from group 2 than in groups 1 and 3. The determination of serum alpha 2M-TRY activity by this simple, rapid, colorimetric method may be useful for the diagnosis and evaluation of pancreatic disease.

scholarly journals Effect of the first and second postpartum partial milking on blood serum calcium concentration in dairy cows

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 128-133
Author(s):  
E.G. Salgado-Hernández ◽  
A. Aparicio-Cecilio ◽  
F.H. Velásquez-Forero ◽  
D.A. Castillo-Mata
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Serum Calcium ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Calcium Concentration ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Serum Calcium Concentration ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Parturient paresis and subclinical hypocalcemia are frequent metabolic disorders in dairy cows postpartum. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of postpartum partial milking in the first two milkings on blood serum calcium concentration in dairy cows. Twenty multiparous Holstein dairy cows were randomized into two groups. Cows of group 1 (n = 10) were partially milked at the first and second milking postpartum. Cows of group 2 (n = 10) were completely milked. Blood samples were collected from all animals 5&ndash;7 days before calving, within 30 min after calving, and 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, and 32 h after calving for determination of serum calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), and magnesium (Mg) concentrations. Colostrum production was registered and sampled in the first and second milking. Concentration of Ca in colostrum was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Serum Ca and P concentrations decreased in both groups after parturition (P &lt; 0.05) and remained low during 32 h postpartum with no difference observed between groups (P &gt; 0.05). Serum concentrations of Mg were stable in all samples and no statistical difference was observed between groups (P &gt; 0.05). Colostrum production was higher in completely milked cows only in the first postpartum milking (P &lt; 0.05), but there was no difference between groups at the second milking. Total Ca secretion in colostrum was higher in the complete milking group at the first and second postpartum milking. Colostrum Ca secretion increased at the second milking with respect to the first one in both groups (P &lt; 0.05). There was no correlation between serum Ca and colostrum Ca (P &gt; 0.05). In this study, the partial milking of colostrum in the first and second milking postpartum did not prevent subclinical hypocalcemia in dairy cows. &nbsp;

350 EFFECT OF DIFFERENT SUB-DOSES OF EQUINE CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN ON PREGNANCY AND TWINNING RATES OF CYCLIC ZEBU COWS SUBMITTED TO FIXED-TIME ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 263 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Alvarez ◽  
F. L. N. Natal ◽  
R. M. L. Pires ◽  
K. M. R. Duarte ◽  
C. A. Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Ovarian Response ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Twin Pregnancies ◽  
Group 1

The injection of a low dose of eCG has the potential to induce multiple ovulation and pregnancies in cattle. The present study aimed to evaluate the ovarian response, conception rate and incidence of twin pregnancies of cyclic cows receiving 1 of 2 low doses of eCG. Multiparous Nellore (Bos t. indicus) cows with plasma progesterone levels >1 ng∙mL–1 on at least one of 2 blood samples collected at 10-day intervals (Day –10 and Day 0) received an intramuscular (IM) injection of 2 mg of oestradiol benzoate (EB; Estrogin®, AUSA, São Paulo, Brazil) and a vaginal device (DIP) containing 1 g of progesterone (Primer®, Tecnopec, São Paulo, SP, Brazil) on Day 0. On Day 8, the DIP was removed and cows received an IM injection of 150 μg of cloprostenol (Veteglan®, Hertape Calier, Juatuba, MG, Brazil). At this time, the animals were randomly distributed into 3 groups. Group 1 (n = 30) received an IM injection of 2 mL of saline, whereas groups 2 (n = 41) and 3 (n = 23) received 600 IU and 900 IU of eCG (Novormon® MSD Saude Animal, São Paulo, Brazil), respectively. Twenty-four hours later (Day 9), all groups received 1 mg of EB and were submitted to fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI) 30 h later (i.e. 54 h after DIP removal). Oestrus observation was performed daily from the time of the withdrawal of the DIP until the day of FTAI. Ovaries were examined ultrasonically at the time of FTAI, the following day and 7 days after FTAI. Pregnancy diagnosis was done by ultrasonography 30 days after FTAI and the incidence of twin or single calves was recorded at birth. Data were analysed by chi-square test. The rate of expression of oestrus was 70.0% (group 1), 82.9% (group 2), and 78.2% (group 3; P = 0.25). Cows that had 2 or more large follicles at the time of FTAI was 0% (group 1), 14.6% (group 2), and 34.8% (group 3; P < 0.05). The ovulation rate of cows in group 1 (80.0%) was higher than cows in groups 2 (48.8%) and 3 (52.2%; P < 0.05). The conception rates for groups 1, 2, and 3 were 50.0, 26.8, and 39.1%, respectively (P < 0.05). Two animals in group 3, one in group 2, and none of group 1 had twin pregnancies on Day 30 after FTAI. Only one of these cows (group 3) had a twin calving. It was concluded that the injection of 600 or 900 IU eCG, in an oestradiol/progestogen FTAI protocol does not result in an increase in the rate of twin calvings, but may negatively affect pregnancy rates of cyclic Nellore cows.Financial support was provided by FAPESP (proc. 2011/13096–0).

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