scholarly journals Comparative Toxicity of Nitenpyrem and Neem Oil Against Amrasca biguttula biguttula in Okra

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 210-214
Author(s):  
Zulnorain Sajid ◽  
◽  
Muhammad Anwar Ul Haq ◽  
Qasim Farooq ◽  
Yaqoob Sultan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Abelmoschus Esculentus ◽  
Neem Oil ◽  
Amrasca Biguttula Biguttula ◽  
Maximum Reduction ◽  
Comparative Toxicity

The Jassid, Amarasca bigutulla bigutullaa is an important sucking pest of the okra crop. An experimental study was conducted during 2018 to check the comparative toxicity of nitenpyrem and neem oil against jassid under okra field conditions. The study revealed that 24 hours after treatment, nitenpyrem was found more toxic and effective with maximum reduction of jassid population (72.15%). Whereas, 120 hours after treatment with 4% neem oil, 15.05% jassid reduction was observed. The mortality rate of the jassid was increased with increasing in time after application of chemical insecticides. The study concluded that insecticide was most toxic and gives higher mortality of jassid as compared to neem oil. Keywords: Abelmoschus esculentus, Malvaceae, Amarasca bigutulla bigutullaa, botanicals, insecticides, Pakistan

scholarly journals Effect of Plasma Treatment on Seed Crop Characters of Okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) under Field Conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 967-976
Author(s):  
Ravinder Kumar ◽  
Ashok K. Thakur ◽  
Amit Vikram ◽  
A. Vaid ◽  
R. Rane
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Abelmoschus Esculentus ◽  
Seed Crop

scholarly journals Smoke-free legislation and neonatal and infant mortality in Brazil: longitudinal quasi-experimental study

2019 ◽  
pp. tobaccocontrol-2019-054923 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Hone ◽  
Andre Salem Szklo ◽  
Filippos T Filippidis ◽  
Anthony A Laverty ◽  
Isabela Sattamini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Infant Health ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Deaths ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Fixed Effects Regression

ObjectiveTo examine the associations of partial and comprehensive smoke-free legislation with neonatal and infant mortality in Brazil using a quasi-experimental study design.DesignMonthly longitudinal (panel) ecological study from January 2000 to December 2016.SettingAll Brazilian municipalities (n=5565).ParticipantsInfant populations.InterventionSmoke-free legislation in effect in each municipality and month. Legislation was encoded as basic (allowing smoking areas), partial (segregated smoking rooms) or comprehensive (no smoking in public buildings). Associations were quantified by immediate step and longer term slope/trend changes in outcomes.Statistical analysesMunicipal-level linear fixed-effects regression models.Main outcomes measuresInfant and neonatal mortality.ResultsImplementation of partial smoke-free legislation was associated with a −3.3 % (95% CI −6.2% to −0.4%) step reduction in the municipal infant mortality rate, but no step change in neonatal mortality. Comprehensive smoke-free legislation implementation was associated with −5.2 % (95% CI −8.3% to −2.1%) and −3.4 % (95% CI −6.7% to −0.1%) step reductions in infant and neonatal mortality, respectively, and a −0.36 (95% CI −0.66 to−0.06) annual decline in the infant mortality rate. We estimated that had all smoke-free legislation introduced since 2004 been comprehensive, an additional 10 091 infant deaths (95% CI 1196 to 21 761) could have been averted.ConclusionsStrengthening smoke-free legislation in Brazil is associated with improvements in infant health outcomes—particularly under comprehensive legislation. Governments should accelerate implementation of comprehensive smoke-free legislation to protect infant health and achieve the United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goal three.

scholarly journals Bacteriophage Therapy: An Alternative to Antibiotics—An Experimental Study in Mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (03) ◽  
pp. 151-158
Author(s):  
Gopal Nath ◽  
Ram Janam ◽  
Rajesh Kumar ◽  
Mayank Gangwar
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Animal Model ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Phage Therapy ◽  
Bacterial Challenge ◽  
Bacteriophage Therapy ◽  
Reduced Dose ◽  
Acute Infections ◽  
Phage Cocktail

AbstractThe present study was planned to evaluate the efficacy of Pseudomonas aeruginosa specific phages in immunocompromised septicemia animal model as an alternative to antibiotics. Five different sets of experiments were performed: prophylactic administration of phage cocktail (3 lytic and unique) before and simultaneous with bacterial challenge; and therapeutic, that is, administration of phage cocktail 6, 12, and 24 hours after the bacterial challenge. No mortality was observed when simultaneous and late administration of phages was done with respect to the bacterial challenge. Contrary to this, administration of phage cocktail 100 µL (1012 PFU/mL) of volume after 6 hours of the infection resulted in a mortality rate of 60%. However, no mortality could be observed with reduced dose of cocktail, that is, 108, 109, and 1010 PFU administered 6 hours after bacterial challenge. Phage therapy in acute infections initiated with very small dosage under strict supervision may give better results. However, further studies to determine the quantity and frequency of dosage of phage cocktail for septicemia of various durations is strongly indicated.

scholarly journals An experimental study on effects of fluoridated water on Abelmoschus esculentus var. Soh-198 (Lady Finger)

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 017-019
Author(s):  
Iram Arshi
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Plant Part ◽  
Pot Experiment ◽  
Abelmoschus Esculentus ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
The Third ◽  
Different Parts

An experimental study of fluoride (F) accumulation in Abelmoschus esculentus var. Soh-198 and its effect on the growth and crop yield was conducted in a pot experiment. Eight different concentrations of F in the water were used for irrigation ranging from 2 to 14 ppm with distilled water as the control. Potentiometric determinations of the F content in different parts of the plant were made 45, 60, and 120 days after sowing the seeds (first, second, and third harvest, respectively). At the third harvest the highest mean plant part concentrations of F were recorded with 14 ppm F in the irrigation water: 9.0638 mg/kg in the roots, 5.6896 mg/kg in shoot, 4.5348 mg/kg in leaf and 3.563 mg/kg in fruit.

scholarly journals Use of andiroba oil to control Anastrepha fraterculus (Diptera: Tephritidae) in different fruit hosts

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-4
Author(s):  
Cleiton Luiz Wille ◽  
Joatan Machado da Rosa ◽  
Paulo Eduardo Wille ◽  
Dahise Brillinger ◽  
Cláudio Roberto Franco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Carapa Guianensis ◽  
Anastrepha Fraterculus ◽  
Alternative Product ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Apple Fruits

Control of Anastrepha fraterculus (Diptera: Tephritidae) is usually accomplished with synthetic insecticides, which can be a problem considering exportation of fruits. This study aimed to evaluate mortality and offspring effects on A. fraterculus using peach, strawberry guava and apple fruits treated with andiroba (Carapa guianensis) oil. Higher mortality rate was observed when compared to control on strawberry guava and apple fruits treated with andiroba oil (18.4 % and 35.0 % points more than the control). The mean number of pupae observed in the offspring was inferior to the control on strawberry guava and apple fruits treated with andiroba oil (100 % control) and, on peach fruits (68.3 % fewer pupae). Andiroba oil shows promising results as an alternative product to control A. fraterculus. Studies are still needed especially considering the effectiveness of andiroba oil under field conditions.

Evaluation of pongamia oil soap against leaf hopper, Amrasca biguttula biguttula (Ishida) infesting okra

ENTOMON ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 287-292
Author(s):  
Anu Thomas ◽  
K. M. Sreekumar
Keyword(s):  
Soap Solution ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Reproductive Stage ◽  
Vegetative Stage ◽  
Neem Oil ◽  
Amrasca Biguttula Biguttula ◽  
Leaf Hopper ◽  
Pongamia Oil

Field studies on evaluation of pongamia and neem oil soap at various concentrations against okra leaf hopper, Amrasca biguttula biguttula (Ishida) was carried out during the year 2018- Treatments i.e. T1: Pongamia oil soap 0.6%; T2: Pongamia oil soap 1%; T3: Pongamia oil soap 2%; T4: Neem oil soap 0.6%; T5: Soap solution 0.5%; T6: Quinalphos 25 EC @ 0.05%; T7: Standard check applied once at vegetative stage and twice during reproductive stage. Quinalphos 25 EC @ 0.05 % was effective followed by pongamia oil soap 2 per cent, pongamia oil soap 1 per cent, neem oil soap 0.6 per cent and pongamia oil soap 0.6 per cent. The effectiveness of the soap reduced after seven days of treatment.

scholarly journals Bio-Efficacy of Diatomaceous Earth, Household Soaps, and Neem Oil against Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Larvae in Benin

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Crépin T. S. Aniwanou ◽  
Antonio A. C. Sinzogan ◽  
Jean M. Deguenon ◽  
Rachidatou Sikirou ◽  
David A. Stewart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Diatomaceous Earth ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Current Control ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Neem Oil ◽  
Development Of Resistance ◽  
Maize Grain ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Spodoptera frugiperda was first reported in Africa in 2016 and has since become a serious threat to maize/cereal production on the continent. Current control of the pest relies on synthetic chemical insecticides, which can negatively impact the environment and promote the development of resistance when used indiscriminately. Therefore, great attention is being paid to the development of safer alternatives. In this study, several biorational products and a semi-synthetic insecticide were evaluated. Two household soaps (“Palmida” and “Koto”) and a detergent (“So Klin”) were first tested for their efficacy against the larvae under laboratory conditions. Then, the efficacy of the most effective soap was evaluated in field conditions, along with PlantNeem (neem oil), Dezone (diatomaceous earth), and Emacot 19 EC (emamectin benzoate), in two districts, N’Dali and Adjohoun, located, respectively, in northern and southern Benin. The soaps and the detergent were highly toxic t second-instar larvae with 24 h lethal concentrations (LC50) of 0.46%, 0.44%, and 0.37% for So Klin, Koto, and Palmida, respectively. In field conditions, the biorational insecticides produced similar or better control than Emacot 19 EC. However, the highest maize grain yields of 7387 and 5308 kg/ha were recorded, respectively, with Dezone (N’Dali) and Emacot 19 EC (Adjohoun). A cost-benefit analysis showed that, compared to an untreated control, profits increased by up to 90% with the biorational insecticides and 166% with Emacot 19 EC. Therefore, the use of Palmida soap at 0.5% concentration, neem oil at 4.5 L/ha, and Dezone at 7.5 kg/ha could provide an effective, environmentally friendly, and sustainable management of S. frugiperda in maize.

Neem oil as a potential seed dresser for managing Homopterous sucking pests of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench)

2006 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Indira Gandhi ◽  
K. Gunasekaran ◽  
Tongmin Sa
Keyword(s):  
Abelmoschus Esculentus ◽  
Neem Oil
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