Heterosis analysis for seed yield and quality traits in karingada [Citrullus lanatus (Thumb) Mansf.]

The genotypic response of the growth, yield and quality traits of rice bean [Vigna umbellata (Thunb.) Ohwi and Ohashi] to NPK enrichment was studied in relation to different fertilizer treatments. The treatments consisted of three NPK levels, namely 0:0:0 (T0) control, 10:30:10 (T1) and 20:60:20 (T2) kg/ha. There were significant differences in plant height 115 days after sowing, days to maturity and tryptophan content (g/16 g N) in various rice bean genotypes with different fertilizer levels. Higher seed yields were recorded for the genotypes JCR-20(S), IC-140796, IC-019352 and JCR-152 as compared to the check variety (BRS-2). The fertilizer treatments significantly affected growth, yield and its contributing traits: plant height, number of pod clusters/plant, seeds/pod, seed yield/plot and total pods picked at maturity. Little variation was observed between the fertilizer treatments for the crude protein (%) and methionine (g/16 g N) contents, but significant variation in the tryptophan content was detected for genotype LRB-40-2. Seed yield and its contributing traits responded positively to the fertilizer treatments. Among the three fertilizer treatments tested in the experiment, the T2 treatment was found to be promising for increasing seed yield. Thus, it can be concluded from the study that the rice bean crop is responsive to fertilizers and that the application of optimal levels of NPK could enhance its productivity.

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Nitrogen-Fixing Soil Bacteria Plus Mycorrhizal Fungi Improve Seed Yield and Quality Traits of Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik)

Journal of soil science and plant nutrition ◽

10.1007/s42729-019-00058-3 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 592-602 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Reza Amirnia ◽

Mahdi Ghiyasi ◽

Sina Siavash Moghaddam ◽

Amir Rahimi ◽

Christos A. Damalas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seed Yield ◽

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Soil Bacteria ◽

Lens Culinaris ◽

Quality Traits ◽

Nitrogen Fixing ◽

Yield And Quality

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Characterization of the Common Genetic Basis Underlying Seed Hilum Size, Yield, and Quality Traits in Soybean

Frontiers in Plant Science ◽

10.3389/fpls.2021.610214 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Qingsong Zhao ◽

Xiaolei Shi ◽

Long Yan ◽

Chunyan Yang ◽

Cong Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seed Yield ◽

Complex Traits ◽

Seed Quality ◽

Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Quality Traits ◽

Soybean Yield ◽

Yield And Quality ◽

Soybean Genotypes ◽

Genetic And Environmental Factors

Developing high yielding cultivars with outstanding quality traits are perpetual objectives throughout crop breeding operations. Confoundingly, both of these breeding objectives typically involve working with complex quantitative traits that can be affected by genetic and environmental factors. Establishing correlations of these complex traits with more easily identifiable and highly heritable traits can simplify breeding processes. In this study, two parental soybean genotypes contrasting in seed hilum size, yield, and seed quality, as well as 175 F9 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from these parents, were grown in 3 years. The h2b of four hilum size, two quality and two yield traits, ranged from 0.72 to 0.87. The four observed hilum size traits exhibited significant correlation (P < 0.05) with most of seed yield and quality traits, as indicated by correlation coefficients varying from -0.35 to 0.42, which suggests that hilum size could be considered as a proxy trait for soybean yield and quality. Interestingly, among 53 significant quantitative trait loci (QTLs) with logarithm of odds (LOD) values ranging from 2.51 to 6.69 and accounting for 6.40–16.10% of genetic variation, three loci encoding hilum size, qSH6.2, qSH8, and qSH10, colocated with QTLs for seed yield and quality traits, demonstrating that genes impacting seed hilum size colocalize in part with genes acting on soybean yield and quality. As a result of the breeding efforts and field observations described in this work, it is reasonable to conclude that optimizing hilum size through selection focused on a few QTLs may be useful for breeding new high yielding soybean varieties with favorable quality characteristics.

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Exogenous Potassium Treatments Elevate Salt Tolerance and Performances of Glycine max L. by Boosting Antioxidant Defense System under Actual Saline Field Conditions

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy10111741 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 1741 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ragab S. Taha ◽

Mahmoud F. Seleiman ◽

Majed Alotaibi ◽

Bushra Ahmed Alhammad ◽

Mostafa M. Rady ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seed Yield ◽

Seed Quality ◽

Saline Soil ◽

Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽

Quality Traits ◽

Salt Stress Condition ◽

Yield And Quality ◽

Normal Soil ◽

Potassium Application ◽

Soybean Plants

Salinity is one of the major issues that limits field crop productivity in an arid and semiarid environment. Therefore, two field trials were carried out over two seasons of 2018 and 2019 to investigate the enhancement of different methods of potassium application (i.e., recommended soil amendment (control; K2O), seed soaking (SS) and foliar spray (FS) in the form of potassium sulfate (K2SO4, 6 mM)) on antioxidant protection, physio-biochemical, yield and quality traits of soybean (cv. Giza 22) grown in normal (electrical conductivity; EC = 2.68 dS m−1) and saline soil (EC = 7.46 dS m−1). Physio-biochemical attributes (total chlorophyll, carotenoids, K+ and K+/Na+ ratios, performance index and catalase (CAT) activity), growth traits (i.e., shoot length, number and area of leaves plant−1 and shoot dry weight), yield and its components and seed quality (number of pods plant−1, 100-seed weight, seed yield ha−1 and seed protein and oil contents) were significantly decreased when soybean plants were grown in saline soil compared with those grown in normal soil. In contrast, activity of enzymatic antioxidants (i.e., superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX)), contents of non-enzymatic antioxidants and osmoprotectants (i.e., total soluble sugars, free proline, ascorbic acid and α-tocopherol), Na+, Cl−, H2O2 and malondialdehyde (MDA) were increased in soybean plants grown in saline soil compared with normal soil. However, under salt-stressed conditions, potassium applied through SS or FS significantly enhanced all soybean growth, photosynthetic efficiency, K+ content, ratio of K+/Na+ and activity of CAT, SOD, APX and GPX as well as improved yield and quality traits, while potassium application did not affect the contents of non-enzymatic antioxidants and osmoprotectants. For instance, foliar potassium application (FS) increased seed yield ha−1 by 92.31% and protein content by 63.19% compared with the control under the salt stress condition. In addition, both applications of potassium significantly reduced Na+, Cl−, H2O2 and MDA contents in soybean plants compared with those obtained from control treatments. Exogenous application of K2SO4 was more effective than SS at improving soybean physio-biochemical attributes, yield and seed quality traits under soil-salinity stress.

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Effect of salinity stress on yield and quality parameters in flax (Linum usitatissimum L.)

Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca ◽

10.15835/nbha48211861 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 48 (2) ◽

pp. 954-966 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Saijasi DUBEY ◽

Atul BHARGAVA ◽

Francisco FUENTES ◽

Sudhir SHUKLA ◽

Shilpi SRIVASTAVA

Keyword(s):

Seed Yield ◽

Salt Concentration ◽

Linum Usitatissimum ◽

Essential Fatty Acids ◽

Vitamin B1 ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Carotenoid Content ◽

Oilseed Crop ◽

Quality Traits ◽

Yield And Quality

Flax is one of the oldest utilitarian plants that have been grown for fibre as well as an oilseed crop. The species has been recognized as an excellent source of micronutrients, dietary fibre, protein, vitamin B1, lignan, and essential fatty acids (EFA), namely linoleic and α-linolenic acids. However, in spite of immense nutritional and industrial importance of the crop no work has been carried out on the effect of salinity induced by different salts on seed yield and quality traits in Linum usitatissimum. A high yielding germplasm line ‘Mukta’ was subjected to five concentrations (0 mM, 50 mM, 100 mM, 150 mM and 200 mM) of three salts viz. sodium chloride (NaCl), potassium chloride (KCl) and calcium chloride (CaCl2) for two seasons. Data were collected for seed yield along with different quality traits and a range of antioxidant enzymes. Seed yield decreased with rise in salt concentration and was minimum at 200 mM for all the salts. Chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoid content continuously decreased with increase in salt concentration for all the salt treatments. Catalase and GST content increased with increase in salt concentration and was maximum at 200 mM.

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Morpho-anatomical effects of sodium azide and nitrous acid on Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai (Cucurbitaceae) and Moringa oleifera Lam. (Moringaceae)

Hoehnea ◽

10.1590/2236-8906-26/2017 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 45 (2) ◽

pp. 225-237

Author(s):

A.A. AbdulRahaman ◽

A.A. Afolabi ◽

D.A. Zhigila ◽

F.A. Oladele ◽

A.A. Al Sahli

Keyword(s):

Sodium Azide ◽

Nitrous Acid ◽

Moringa Oleifera ◽

Stomatal Density ◽

Citrullus Lanatus ◽

Quality Traits ◽

Stem Height ◽

Anatomical Features ◽

Yield And Quality ◽

Moringa Oleifera Lam

ABSTRACT Chemical mutagens (e.g. sodium azide and nitrous acid) are important tools in crop improvements because they produce resistance against pathogens in crops to improve their yield and quality traits. This study investigates the morphological and anatomical effects of sodium azide and nitrous acid on Citrullus lanatus and Moringa olefeira at various concentrations (1 mM, 2 mM, 3 mM and 4 mM) for 4 hours, and planted in plastic pots for 12 weeks observations. Results showed that sodium azide and nitrous acid have differential influenced on morphological features (stem height, leaf number and root length) in C. lanatus and M. olefeira respectively. Anatomical features (stomatal density, index and size) are more influenced by the sodium azide-treated plants in both plants than in the nitrous acid-treated plants. Both mutagens are more effective in the two plants than the control.

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