BIOFUNGISIDA TRIKO COMBI SEBAGAI SALAH SATU PENGENDALI JAMUR AKAR PUTIH PADA TANAMAN KARET

2013 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Budi Setyawan ◽  
Soekirman Pawirosoemardjo ◽  
Hananto Hadi
Keyword(s):  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Trichoderma Koningii ◽  
Trichoderma Sp

Penyakit jamur akar putih yang disebabkan oleh jamur Rigidoporus microporus merupakan salah satu penyakit penting pada tanaman karet di Indonesia, baik di perkebunan besar maupun rakyat. Kerugian secara finansial akibat penyakit ini sangat tinggi terutama di perkebunan karet rakyat. Pengendalian yang disarankan untuk penyakit ini adalah dengan pengendalian terpadu yaitu integrasi beberapa teknik pengendalian seperti pembongkaran tunggul, tanaman penutup tanah kacangan, seleksi bahan tanam, tanaman antagonis, biofungisida serta fungisida kimia yang diaplikasikan secara bijak. Hasil pengendalian pada umumnya masih belum memuaskan karena beberapa kendala teknis maupun non-teknis. Salah satu kendala yang cukup mengganggu yaitu mahalnya biaya, terutama bagi pekebun karet rakyat. Sebagai salah satu unsur dalam pengendalian terpadu, pengendalian secara biologi merupakan metode yang berpotensi besar. Pengendalian biologi menggunakan Trichoderma sp. sudah digunakan secara luas dan terbukti efektivitasnya. Cara tersebut tidak hanya efektif sebagai upaya preventif, tetapi juga murah, mudah diaplikasikan, dan ramah terhadap lingkungan. Triko Combi merupakan biofungisida semi-komersial yang diformulasi Balai Penelitian Getas dan memiliki empat jenis bahan aktif, yaitu Trichoderma viride, Trichoderma koningii, Trichoderma harzianum dan satu strain lokal Trichoderma sp. Pada percobaan dengan infeksi buatan Rigidoporus microporus di pembibitan polibeg menunjukkan adanya penekanan intensitas penyakit oleh perlakuan kombinasi empat jenis Trichoderma spp. tersebut dibandingkan bibit tanpa perlakuan, maupun bibit dengan aplikasi fungisida kimia. Hasil yang signifikan juga diperoleh melalui pengujian penghambatan langsung miselium Rigidoporus microporus secara in-vitro di laboratorium.

scholarly journals Combinatorial efficacy of Trichoderma spp. and Pseudomonas fluorescens to enhance suppression of cell wall degrading enzymes produced by Fusarium wilt of Arachis hypogaea.L

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Rajeswari ◽  
R Kapoor
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Pectin Methylesterase ◽  
Biocontrol Agents ◽  
Cell Wall Degrading Enzymes ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Pectinolytic Enzymes

Fusarium oxysporum, the soil borne pathogen causes vascular wilt, on majority of crop plants. It has been demonstrated that two different species of Trichoderma and Pseudomonas fluorescens suppress disease by different mechanisms. Therefore, application of a mixture of these biocontrol agents, and thus of several suppressive mechanisms, may represent a viable control strategy. A necessity for biocontrol by combinations of biocontrol agents can be the compatibility of the co-inoculated micro-organisms. Hence, compatibility between Trichoderma spp. and Pseudomonas fluorescens that have the ability to suppress Fusarium oxysporum in vitro on the activity of pectinolytic enzymes of Fusarium oxysporum. The activity of pectinolytic enzymes, i.e. pectin methyl esterase, endo and exo polymethylgalacturonases and exo and endo pectin trans eliminases produced by Fusarium oxysporum (Control) was higher. Maximum inhibition of pectin methylesterase, exo and endo polymethylgalacturonase and exo and endopectin trans eliminase was shown by culture filtrate of Trichoderma viride + Pseudomonas fluorescens (Tv+Pf) (1+2%), followed by Trichoderma harzianum + Pseudomonas fluorescens, (Th +Pf) (1.5+2%) and Trichoderma viride + Trichoderma harzianum (Tv+Th) (1+1.5%). However, pathogenecity suppression of Fusarium oxysporum, a causative of Arachis hypogaea. L by the compatible combination of Trichodema viride + Pseudomonas fluorescens (1+2%) was significantly better as compared to the single bio-agent. This indicates that specific interactions between biocontrol agents influence suppression of pathogenicity factors directly by combinations of these compatible bio-agents.Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech. 7 (2): 36-42, December, 2017

scholarly journals Antagonism of Trichoderma harzianum and Trichoderma viride on isolates of Fusarium spp. from Nicotiana tabacum

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 867-886
Author(s):  
Wilson Ceiro-Catasú ◽  
Yusel Vega-González ◽  
María Taco-Sánchez ◽  
Ramiro Gaibor-Fernández ◽  
Oandis Sosa-Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Nicotiana Tabacum ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Native Strains

Tobacco production is a key line in the Cuban economy and generates the largest income in the agricultural sector. Within phytopathogens affecting this plant, Fusarium spp., constitutes a pest of interest, due to vascular involvements that cause deterioration of the commercial value of the leaf. Therefore, the research was carried out with the aim of determining the antagonistic activity in vitro of native strains of Trichoderma harzianum and T. viride on isolates of Fusarium oxysporum and F. phyllophylum, from Nicotiana tabacum L. in Granma province, Cuba. The work was carried out at the Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, University of Granma. Half dextrose potato agar was prepared to establish the dual crops of Trichoderma spp. vs. Fusarium spp. Once the treatments were established and the incubation time had elapsed, the percentage inhibition of mycelial growth, antagonistic capacity and mycoparasitic activity was determined. A fully randomized design with four replicas per treatment was used and a two factorial ANOVA and Tukey test (p≤0.05) were used for statistical processing. It was shown that the strains of Trichoderma spp., recorded intermediate values of phytopathogenic inhibition, the competitiveness of the antagonist was mostly located in class two of the Bell scale and it was found that penetration, winding, vacuolization, deformation and granulation constitute the main forms of mycoparasitism. Which points to this biocontrol method as an alternative to consider for the management of Fusarium spp., in tobacco agroecosystems.

scholarly journals Avaliação antagônica in vitro e in vivo de Trichoderma spp. a Rhizopus stolonifer em maracujazeiro amarelo

2010 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marinês Pereira Bomfim ◽  
Abel Rebouças São José ◽  
Tiyoko Nair Hojo Rebouças ◽  
Saulo Sousa de Almeida ◽  
Ivan Vilas Boas Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Rhizopus Stolonifer ◽  
Trichoderma Spp

Para estudar a potencialidade antagônica de espécies de Trichoderma spp. in vitro e in vivo a Rhizopus stolonifer, patógeno causador da podridão floral do maracujazeiro, foram estudadas as espécies de Trichoderma viride, T. virens, T. harzianum e T. stromaticum. O crescimento micelial do fitopatógeno foi realizado pelo teste do pareamento de culturas, para crescimento individual foram utilizadas cinco temperaturas. Avaliou-se também o crescimento micelial em 24h e 48h, avaliando a taxa de crescimento dos isolados. Na produção de metabolitos voláteis e não voláteis foram utilizados papel celofane e sobreposição de placas. Em condição de campo os frutos/planta foram tratados com a suspensão na concentração de 2 x 10(8) Conídios/mL sendo avaliado o número médio de frutos aos 15 e 30. No pareamento de cultura todos os isolados de Trichoderma spp. apresentaram crescimento micelial, impedindo o desenvolvimento do fitopatógeno, para todos os isolados as temperaturas ideais de crescimento foram de 25ºC e 30ºC. Nos períodos de incubação de 24 e 48h, foram constatadas diferenças significativas no crescimento micelial entre os isolados os antagonistas apresentaram velocidade de crescimento maior que o fitopatógeno. Houve uma produção de metabólitos voláteis e não voláteis de ação antifúngica ao R. stolonifer. No ensaio em campo houve diferença significativa entre os tratamentos, verificando-se que o melhor resultado entre os antagonistas em estudo cujos percentuais de pegamento foram 74% para os tratamentos Trichoderma harzianum e T. virens, e os tratamentos T. viride e T. stromaticum obtiveram um porcentual de 75% enquanto a testemunha obteve um percentual de 42%.

scholarly journals PENGARUH Trichoderma spp. TERHADAP PENYAKIT ANTRAKNOSA (Colletotrichum capsici) PADA TANAMAN CABAI VARIETAS FEROSA DAN LARIS

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anise Wulandari ◽  
Joko Prasetyo ◽  
Efri Efri ◽  
Suskandini Ratih D
Keyword(s):  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Colletotrichum Capsici ◽  
Trichoderma Koningii

Cabai adalah salah satu komoditas yang bernilai tinggi. Penyebab rendahnya produksi cabai diantaranya adalahpenyakitantraknosa yang disebabkan oleh Colletotrichum capsici. Trichoderma spp.memiliki potensi untuk mengendalikan penyakit antraknosa. Peneltian bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektifitas Trichoderma spp. dalam mengendalikan penyakit antraknosa pada varietas cabai Ferosa dan Laris. Metode yang digunakan adalah percobaan dengan Rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) faktorial dengan dua faktor percobaan 3 ulangan dan 4 perlakuan. Faktor pertama adalah varietas cabai Ferosa (V1), Laris (V2). Faktor kedua adalah Tricoderma spp. terdiri 4 taraf tanpa Trichoderma T0), Trichoderma harzianum (T1), Trichoderma viride (T2), Trichoderma koningii (T3). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi T. harzianum, T. viride dan T. koningii pada varietas Ferosa menurunkan keparahan penyakit tanaman. Pada varietas Laris aplikasi T. viride dapat menurunkan keparahan penyakit tanaman, sedangkan aplikasi T.harzianum dan T. koningii dapat menurunkan keparahan penyakit hanya pada pengamatan 87 hst. Aplikasi T. viride, dan T. koningii pada varietas Ferosa dapat meningkatkan tinggi tanaman dan jumlah buah.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Kolonisasi Trichoderma spp. pada Akar Bibit Pisang terhadap Perkembangan Penyakit Layu Fusarium (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense)

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 220
Author(s):  
Nurbailis Nurbailis ◽  
Martinius Martinius
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Seedling Root ◽  
Trichoderma Koningii ◽  
Seedling Biomass

The purpose of the research was to obtain the superior Trichoderma that had ability to colonize root with the resultbeing effective to supress Fusarium wilt desease and promote banana seedling growth. This experiment consistedof 2 factors and 4 replications. The first factor was Trichoderma spp. namely : A. Trichoderma koningii strain S6sh(TK-S6sh), B Trichoderma viride strain T1sk (TV-T1sk) and Trichoderma harzianum strain S10sh (TH-S10sh). Thesecond factor was the kind of banana namely a.Cavendis, b. Barangan and c. Kepok. The observation werecolonization ability, Fusarium wilt desease development and the banana seedling growth. The result showed thatTV-T1sk was the best spesies to colonize all banana seedling root. The highest colonization in Barangan bananaseedling root reached 80%. Trichoderma colonization in banana seedling root could suppress Fusarium wilt diseasedevelopment and increase banana seedling weight. Higher ability of Trichoderma to colonize banana seedling rootcaused lower disease incidence of Fusarium wilt and greater biomass of banana seedling. Interaction betweenTV-T1Sk and Barangan banana was the best in colonization, so they were effective to suppress Fusarium wiltdesease and increase banana seedling biomass.

scholarly journals Trichoderma spp. NA EMERGÊNCIA E CRESCIMENTO DE MUDAS DE CAMBARÁ (Gochnatia polymorpha (Less.) Cabrera)1

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Franco Martins Machado ◽  
Antonio Padilha Tavares ◽  
Sidinei José Lopes ◽  
Antonio Carlos Ferreira da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Trichoderma Spp

Neste trabalho, o objetivo foi avaliar o efeito de isolados de Trichoderma spp. na emergência de plântulas e no crescimento de mudas de cambará (Gochnatia polymorpha). Utilizou-se, em casa de vegetação, substrato esterilizado e não esterilizado, sendo avaliados os efeitos de quatro isolados de trichoderma: TSM1 e TSM2 de Trichoderma viride, 2B2 e 2B22 de Trichoderma harzianum mais um mix preparado com a mistura desses quatro isolados, além de dois produtos comerciais à base de trichoderma. A análise dos dados permitiu concluir que os isolados de trichoderma testados não interferem na emergência das plântulas, mas os isolados 2B2 e 2B22 de T. harzianum apresentam potenciais como promotores de crescimento de mudas de cambará.

scholarly journals Exploration and Characterization of Trichoderma sp. in Conventional and Organic Rice field in Bali

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. S. P. R. Andriani ◽  
Idris Sharif ◽  
Bohari M Yamin ◽  
S. A. M. P. Suryani ◽  
Krisnawan Kalimutu
Keyword(s):  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Rice Field ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
High Density ◽  
Rice Cultivation ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Plastic Container ◽  
Trichoderma Sp ◽  
Long Time

Abstract. Although Trichoderma spp has been widely used in the SRI technique of rice cultivation the sources of Trichoderma that can adapt well to the local environment have been an interesting issue for quite some time.  It is commonly agreed that the local Trichoderma is much more preferred to be used for rice cultivation. In the present study, the Trichoderma from the soil of a rice field in Sukawati District,  Bali where conventional fertilizer and pesticide has been applied for a very long time was isolated.  After macroscopic observations (green color and sweet coconut smell ) the single isolated fungi have very much resembled Trichoderma Harzianum. 2 mL of the Trichoderma Harzianum solution was introduced in a plastic container containing 200 g half-boiled rice. After seven days the rice in the plastic appeared green. This sample will be used to produce more T. Harzianum for rice cultivation. One of the T.Harzianum treated rice hosts was coated with gold and subjected to SEM observation. Very high populated T. Harzianum fungi were observed. It was  dominated by hyphae. No conidia and conidiophores were spotted. Instead, quite a high density of spherical and oval shape spores was observed. Such a high density of T.Harzianum will certainly meet the requirement for an efficient application in the cultivation field. It would also be interesting to see the interaction between such a highly populated T.Harzianum  with other fungi or pathogens in understanding the role of Trichoderma as an antipathogen

Biocontrol de Damping off y promoción del crecimiento vegetativo en plantas de Capsicum chinense (Jacq) con Trichoderma spp.

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 471-483
Author(s):  
Edgar Javier Larios Larios ◽  
José de Jesús Wilmer Valdovinos Nava ◽  
Wilberth Chan Cupul ◽  
Felipe Alejandro García López ◽  
Gilberto Manzo Sánchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Capsicum Chinense ◽  
Damping Off ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Trichoderma Sp ◽  
Chichen Itza

El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la efectividad de Trichoderma spp. en la reducción de la incidencia del Damping off y promoción del crecimiento vegetativo de plantas de Capsicum chinense (Jacq.) var. “Chichen Itza”. Se evaluó la aplicación foliar, a través de un diseño completo al azar, de dos cepas nativas de Trichoderma sp. (SP6 y Clombta), la co-aplicación de ambas, un producto comercial (Tri-HB®: Trichoderma harzianum y Bacillus subtilis) y un fungicida químico (Captan®). Durante el periodo de estudio, las plantas tratadas con Trichoderma sp. Clombta y con la co-inoculación de Trichoderma sp. Clombta + Trichoderma sp. SP6 no mostraron síntomas de Damping off. Por el contrario, plantas tratadas con Captan® y Tri-HB® mostraron los porcentajes de incidencia acumulada más alta con 5 y 4.5%, respectivamente. Asimismo, a los 28 días después de la germinación, plantas tratadas con Trichoderma sp. Clombta presentaron una mayor altura (11 cm), diámetro de tallo (2.6 mm), biomasa aérea (fresca= 0.8 g planta-1 y seca= 0.13 g planta-1) y volumen radicular (fresca= 0.13 g planta-1 y seca= 0.04 g planta-1), en comparación al resto de los tratamientos evaluados. Para la formación de hojas (9.1 hojas planta-1), área foliar (10.2 cm2) e índice de clorofila (Clombta= 209.9) la aplicación de Trichoderma sp. Clombta destacó de nuevo con los valores más altos (p< 0.05), respecto a las aplicaciones de Captan® y Tri-HB®. De acuerdo a los resultados obtenidos, se determinó que la cepa de Trichoderma sp. Clombta a concentración de 1x1013 conidios mL-1 resultó efectiva para el manejo del Damping off y promoción del crecimiento vegetativo de plantas de C. chinense var. “Chichen Itza”.

scholarly journals Trichoderma harzianum como herramienta en el manejo integrado de enfermedades de tomate

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Román Müller
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Lycopersicum ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
Nuevas Tecnologías

En nuestro país como a nivel mundial, el tomate (Solanum lycopersicum L. = Lycopersicun esculetum Mill.), es una de las hortalizas más consumida y de mayor valor económico. Durante su cultivo, se encuentra expuesto a distintas plagas, entre ellas a Sclerotium rolfsii. Para un control eficiente de las enfermedades es conveniente utilizar un manejo integrado de plagas, utilizando distintas técnicas de cultivo tanto clásicas como nuevas tecnologías como el control biológico, que contemplen paralelamente el cuidado del medio ambiente y la producción del cultivo. Trichoderma spp., es uno de los organismos más utilizados para el control biológico de las enfermedades de origen fúngico. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la eficacia de la cepa de Trichoderma harzianum del IFSC como controlador biológico de Sclerotium rolfsii, ya sea sola o con fungicidas comerciales y analizar su capacidad como promotora de crecimiento del cultivo de tomate platense variedad Luna. Se evaluó el comportamiento de Th del IFSC para controlar a Sclerotium rolfsii in vitro, en cámara de crecimiento y a campo. Como resultado de los ensayos se comprobó que la cepa de Th del IFSC incrementó la germinación en condiciones in vitro e inhibió el desarrollo de S. rolfsii, poniéndose en evidencia el mecanismo de destrucción de los esclerocios. Indujo la promoción del crecimiento de la plántula obteniéndose plantas con mayor sanidad y porte. La cepa Th del IFSC tuvo mayor afinidad con el fungicida Captan incrementando la germinación y el desarrollo de las plántulas en el cultivo de tomate. Se comprobó la factibilidad del uso de Th del IFSC en un planteo de manejo integrado en el cultivo de tomate platense variedad Luna ya sea sola o con un fungicida como Captan.

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