scholarly journals Avaliação antagônica in vitro e in vivo de Trichoderma spp. a Rhizopus stolonifer em maracujazeiro amarelo

2010 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marinês Pereira Bomfim ◽  
Abel Rebouças São José ◽  
Tiyoko Nair Hojo Rebouças ◽  
Saulo Sousa de Almeida ◽  
Ivan Vilas Boas Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Rhizopus Stolonifer ◽  
Trichoderma Spp

Para estudar a potencialidade antagônica de espécies de Trichoderma spp. in vitro e in vivo a Rhizopus stolonifer, patógeno causador da podridão floral do maracujazeiro, foram estudadas as espécies de Trichoderma viride, T. virens, T. harzianum e T. stromaticum. O crescimento micelial do fitopatógeno foi realizado pelo teste do pareamento de culturas, para crescimento individual foram utilizadas cinco temperaturas. Avaliou-se também o crescimento micelial em 24h e 48h, avaliando a taxa de crescimento dos isolados. Na produção de metabolitos voláteis e não voláteis foram utilizados papel celofane e sobreposição de placas. Em condição de campo os frutos/planta foram tratados com a suspensão na concentração de 2 x 10(8) Conídios/mL sendo avaliado o número médio de frutos aos 15 e 30. No pareamento de cultura todos os isolados de Trichoderma spp. apresentaram crescimento micelial, impedindo o desenvolvimento do fitopatógeno, para todos os isolados as temperaturas ideais de crescimento foram de 25ºC e 30ºC. Nos períodos de incubação de 24 e 48h, foram constatadas diferenças significativas no crescimento micelial entre os isolados os antagonistas apresentaram velocidade de crescimento maior que o fitopatógeno. Houve uma produção de metabólitos voláteis e não voláteis de ação antifúngica ao R. stolonifer. No ensaio em campo houve diferença significativa entre os tratamentos, verificando-se que o melhor resultado entre os antagonistas em estudo cujos percentuais de pegamento foram 74% para os tratamentos Trichoderma harzianum e T. virens, e os tratamentos T. viride e T. stromaticum obtiveram um porcentual de 75% enquanto a testemunha obteve um percentual de 42%.

Management of Wilt Complex of Chickpea with Seed Biopriming and Soil Application of Trichoderma spp.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.V. Parmar ◽  
N.M. Gohel
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Soil Application ◽  
Chickpea Wilt ◽  
Vigorous Plant ◽  
Seed Biopriming

Background: Chickpea wilt complex caused by several soil-borne pathogens is a serious biotic constraint for chickpea production.Methods: To find out the effective management of the disease through seed biopriming and soil application of biocontrol agents under in vivo and in vitro conditions experiments were carried out during rabi 2018-19 and 2019-20 at Anand Agricultural University, Anand, Gujarat.Result: Seed biopriming showed a positive impact producing vigorous plant shoot and root system, besides disease control during in vitro conditions. While under in vivo conditions, the pooled results of two years revealed that seed biopriming for 10 h with the suspension of talc-based formulation (2 x 108 CFU/g) of Trichoderma viride or T. asperellum @ 50 g in 250 ml of water/kg of seed followed by soil application of T. viride or T. asperellum enriched FYM (10g/kg FYM) @ 100 g/m2 of soil found significant for the disease management as well as higher yield. The seed biopriming alone control the disease in the range of 23-34% and increased the yield of chickpea by 23-29%. However, combined applications of seed biopriming as well as soil application significantly control the disease in the range of 51-70% and increased the grain yield by 41-51% over untreated control.

scholarly journals Combinatorial efficacy of Trichoderma spp. and Pseudomonas fluorescens to enhance suppression of cell wall degrading enzymes produced by Fusarium wilt of Arachis hypogaea.L

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Rajeswari ◽  
R Kapoor
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Pectin Methylesterase ◽  
Biocontrol Agents ◽  
Cell Wall Degrading Enzymes ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Pectinolytic Enzymes

Fusarium oxysporum, the soil borne pathogen causes vascular wilt, on majority of crop plants. It has been demonstrated that two different species of Trichoderma and Pseudomonas fluorescens suppress disease by different mechanisms. Therefore, application of a mixture of these biocontrol agents, and thus of several suppressive mechanisms, may represent a viable control strategy. A necessity for biocontrol by combinations of biocontrol agents can be the compatibility of the co-inoculated micro-organisms. Hence, compatibility between Trichoderma spp. and Pseudomonas fluorescens that have the ability to suppress Fusarium oxysporum in vitro on the activity of pectinolytic enzymes of Fusarium oxysporum. The activity of pectinolytic enzymes, i.e. pectin methyl esterase, endo and exo polymethylgalacturonases and exo and endo pectin trans eliminases produced by Fusarium oxysporum (Control) was higher. Maximum inhibition of pectin methylesterase, exo and endo polymethylgalacturonase and exo and endopectin trans eliminase was shown by culture filtrate of Trichoderma viride + Pseudomonas fluorescens (Tv+Pf) (1+2%), followed by Trichoderma harzianum + Pseudomonas fluorescens, (Th +Pf) (1.5+2%) and Trichoderma viride + Trichoderma harzianum (Tv+Th) (1+1.5%). However, pathogenecity suppression of Fusarium oxysporum, a causative of Arachis hypogaea. L by the compatible combination of Trichodema viride + Pseudomonas fluorescens (1+2%) was significantly better as compared to the single bio-agent. This indicates that specific interactions between biocontrol agents influence suppression of pathogenicity factors directly by combinations of these compatible bio-agents.Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech. 7 (2): 36-42, December, 2017

scholarly journals Antagonism of Trichoderma harzianum and Trichoderma viride on isolates of Fusarium spp. from Nicotiana tabacum

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 867-886
Author(s):  
Wilson Ceiro-Catasú ◽  
Yusel Vega-González ◽  
María Taco-Sánchez ◽  
Ramiro Gaibor-Fernández ◽  
Oandis Sosa-Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Nicotiana Tabacum ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Native Strains

Tobacco production is a key line in the Cuban economy and generates the largest income in the agricultural sector. Within phytopathogens affecting this plant, Fusarium spp., constitutes a pest of interest, due to vascular involvements that cause deterioration of the commercial value of the leaf. Therefore, the research was carried out with the aim of determining the antagonistic activity in vitro of native strains of Trichoderma harzianum and T. viride on isolates of Fusarium oxysporum and F. phyllophylum, from Nicotiana tabacum L. in Granma province, Cuba. The work was carried out at the Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, University of Granma. Half dextrose potato agar was prepared to establish the dual crops of Trichoderma spp. vs. Fusarium spp. Once the treatments were established and the incubation time had elapsed, the percentage inhibition of mycelial growth, antagonistic capacity and mycoparasitic activity was determined. A fully randomized design with four replicas per treatment was used and a two factorial ANOVA and Tukey test (p≤0.05) were used for statistical processing. It was shown that the strains of Trichoderma spp., recorded intermediate values of phytopathogenic inhibition, the competitiveness of the antagonist was mostly located in class two of the Bell scale and it was found that penetration, winding, vacuolization, deformation and granulation constitute the main forms of mycoparasitism. Which points to this biocontrol method as an alternative to consider for the management of Fusarium spp., in tobacco agroecosystems.

BIOFUNGISIDA TRIKO COMBI SEBAGAI SALAH SATU PENGENDALI JAMUR AKAR PUTIH PADA TANAMAN KARET

2013 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Budi Setyawan ◽  
Soekirman Pawirosoemardjo ◽  
Hananto Hadi
Keyword(s):  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Trichoderma Koningii ◽  
Trichoderma Sp

Penyakit jamur akar putih yang disebabkan oleh jamur Rigidoporus microporus merupakan salah satu penyakit penting pada tanaman karet di Indonesia, baik di perkebunan besar maupun rakyat. Kerugian secara finansial akibat penyakit ini sangat tinggi terutama di perkebunan karet rakyat. Pengendalian yang disarankan untuk penyakit ini adalah dengan pengendalian terpadu yaitu integrasi beberapa teknik pengendalian seperti pembongkaran tunggul, tanaman penutup tanah kacangan, seleksi bahan tanam, tanaman antagonis, biofungisida serta fungisida kimia yang diaplikasikan secara bijak. Hasil pengendalian pada umumnya masih belum memuaskan karena beberapa kendala teknis maupun non-teknis. Salah satu kendala yang cukup mengganggu yaitu mahalnya biaya, terutama bagi pekebun karet rakyat. Sebagai salah satu unsur dalam pengendalian terpadu, pengendalian secara biologi merupakan metode yang berpotensi besar. Pengendalian biologi menggunakan Trichoderma sp. sudah digunakan secara luas dan terbukti efektivitasnya. Cara tersebut tidak hanya efektif sebagai upaya preventif, tetapi juga murah, mudah diaplikasikan, dan ramah terhadap lingkungan. Triko Combi merupakan biofungisida semi-komersial yang diformulasi Balai Penelitian Getas dan memiliki empat jenis bahan aktif, yaitu Trichoderma viride, Trichoderma koningii, Trichoderma harzianum dan satu strain lokal Trichoderma sp. Pada percobaan dengan infeksi buatan Rigidoporus microporus di pembibitan polibeg menunjukkan adanya penekanan intensitas penyakit oleh perlakuan kombinasi empat jenis Trichoderma spp. tersebut dibandingkan bibit tanpa perlakuan, maupun bibit dengan aplikasi fungisida kimia. Hasil yang signifikan juga diperoleh melalui pengujian penghambatan langsung miselium Rigidoporus microporus secara in-vitro di laboratorium.

An Attempt at Biological Control of Blossom Blight of Rose Caused by Botrytis cinerea Using some Local Trichoderma spp. Strains

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-34
Author(s):  
G. Zadehdabagh ◽  
K. Karimi ◽  
M. Rezabaigi ◽  
F. Ajamgard
Keyword(s):  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Khuzestan Province ◽  
Inhibitory Potential ◽  
Cut Rose

The northern of Khuzestan province in Iran is mainly considered as one of the major areas of miniature rose production. Blossom blight caused by Botrytis cinerea has recently become a serious limiting factor in rose production in pre and post-harvest. In current study, an attempt was made to evaluate the inhibitory potential of some local Trichoderma spp. strains against B. cinerea under in vitro and in vivo conditions. The in vitro results showed that all Trichoderma spp. strains were significantly able to reduce the mycelial growth of the pathogen in dual culture, volatile and non-volatile compounds tests compared with control, with superiority of T. atroviride Tsafi than others. Under in vivo condition, the selected strain of T. atroviride Tsafi had much better performance than T. harzianum IRAN 523C in reduction of disease severity compared with the untreated control. Overall, the findings of this study showed that the application of Trichoderma-based biocontrol agents such as T. atroviride Tsafi can be effective to protect cut rose flowers against blossom blight.

Antifungal activity of Trichoderma harzianum and T. koningiopsis against Fusarium solani in seed germination and vigor of Miahuateco chili seedlings

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leydi Miguel-Ferrer ◽  
Omar Romero-Arenas ◽  
Petra Andrade-Hoyos ◽  
Primo Sánchez-Morales ◽  
José Antonio Rivera-Tapia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Para Determinar ◽  
Santa Maria

El chile es la segunda hortaliza de mayor producción en México. El objetivo de la investigación fue evaluar la actividad antagónica <em>in vitro</em> e <em>in vivo</em> de <em>Trichoderma harzianum</em> (T-H4) y <em>T. koningiopsis</em> (T-K11) <em>versus Fusarium solani</em> (MX-MIC 798) en la germinación y establecimiento de plántula de chile Miahuateco. Se utilizó la técnica de cultivo dual para determinar el porcentaje de inhibición de crecimiento radial (PICR) de la cepa MX-MIC 798. Además, se analizó el porcentaje de germinación en semillas de chile Miahuateco en vivero, así como la mortalidad de plántulas y grado de severidad a los 40 días después del trasplante (ddt) en Santa María Tecomavaca, Oaxaca, a través de biocontrol y control químico (Mancozeb 80®). La cepa T-H4 presentó el nivel antagónico PICR más alto (53.3%) <em>in vitro</em> y clase II en la escala de Bell, asimismo obtuvo 82% de germinación en semillas de chile Miahuateco en vivero y 48% de mortalidad en campo; de manera que igualó al control químico y superó a <em>T. koningiopsis</em> T-K11. La actividad antifúngica de <em>Trichoderma</em> spp., ofrecen una alternativa para el biocontrol de la marchitez y necrosis en raíz del cultivo de chile Miahuateco causada por <em>F. solani</em> MX-MIC 798.

scholarly journals Control of lettuce bottom rot by isolates of Trichoderma spp

2014 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zayame Vegette Pinto ◽  
Matheus Aparecido Pereira Cipriano ◽  
Amaury da Silva dos Santos ◽  
Ludwig Heinrich Pfenning ◽  
Flávia Rodrigues Alves Patrício
Keyword(s):  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
In Vivo Experiments ◽  
Bottom Rot ◽  
Trichoderma Isolates

Bottom rot, caused by Rhizoctonia solani AG 1-IB, is an important disease affecting lettuce in Brazil, where its biological control with Trichoderma was not developed yet. The present study was carried out with the aim of selecting Trichoderma isolates to be used in the control of lettuce bottom rot. Forty-six Trichoderma isolates, obtained with baits containing mycelia of the pathogen, were evaluated in experiments carried out in vitro and in vivo in a greenhouse in two steps. In the laboratory, the isolates were evaluated for their capabilities of parasitizing and producing toxic metabolic substances that could inhibit the pathogen mycelial growth. In the first step of the in vivo experiments, the number and the dry weight of lettuce seedlings of the cultivar White Boston were evaluated. In the second step, 12 isolates that were efficient in the first step and showed rapid growth and abundant sporulation in the laboratory were tested for their capability of controlling bottom rot in two repeated experiments, and had their species identified. The majority of the isolates of Trichoderma spp. (76%) showed high capacity for parasitism and 50% of them produced toxic metabolites capable of inhibiting 60-100% of R. solani AG1-IB mycelial growth. Twenty-four isolates increased the number and 23 isolates increased the dry weight of lettuce seedlings inoculated with the pathogen in the first step of the in vivo experiments.In both experiments of the second step, two isolates of T. virens, IBLF 04 and IBLF 50, reduced the severity of bottom rot and increased the number and the dry weight of lettuce seedlings inoculated with R. solani AG1-IB. These isolates had shown a high capacity for parasitism and production of toxic metabolic substances, indicating that the in vitro and in vivo steps employed in the present study were efficient in selecting antagonists to be used for the control of lettuce bottom rot.

scholarly journals Efeito da irradiação UV-C no controle da podridão parda (Monilinia fructicola) e da podridão mole (Rhizopus stolonifer) em pós-colheita de pêssegos

2007 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 393-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliane Bassetto ◽  
Lilian Amorim ◽  
Eliane A. Benato ◽  
Fabrício P. Gonçalves ◽  
Silvia A. Lourenço
Keyword(s):  
Monilinia Fructicola ◽  
Rhizopus Stolonifer ◽  
Uv C

Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o efeito da irradiação UV-C no controle in vitro de Monilinia fructicola e Rhizopus stolonifer e no controle das doenças causadas por estes fungos em pêssegos inoculados com ferimento. No experimento in vitro, avaliou-se o crescimento micelial dos fungos em meio BDA após a exposição nas doses de UV-C de 0, 0,26, 0,52, 1,04, 3,13, 5,22, 10,44, 15,66, e 31,32 kJ.m-2 num equipamento com quatro lâmpadas com taxa de fluência de 1,74 mW.cm-2. Nos experimentos in vivo, os frutos foram tratados com irradiação UV-C de forma protetora e curativa. No tratamento protetor, os frutos foram expostos a 1,04 kJ.m-2 por 1 min. e foram inoculados imediatamente após e 16, 24 e 40 h após. No tratamento curativo, os frutos foram inoculados, incubados e irradiados com doses de UV-C de 0, 1,04, 5,22, 10,44, 15,66 e 31,32 kJ.m². Avaliou-se a incidência das doenças e a severidade da podridão parda. No experimento in vitro, apenas as doses aplicadas durante 1 e 10 min. de exposição reduziram o crescimento micelial de M. fructicola enquanto que a aplicação da luz UV-C entre 10-15 minutos reduziu o crescimento micelial de R. stolonifer e a dose aplicada durante 30 minutos inibiu completamente o crescimento micelial deste fungo. Não houve efeito protetor da luz UV-C no controle das doenças. Não houve controle curativo da podridão parda. A irradiação UV-C foi eficiente no controle curativo da podridão mole e o tempo de exposição de 10 min. foi o que apresentou melhor resultado.

scholarly journals Selection of Trichoderma spp. strains for the control of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in soybean

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (12) ◽  
pp. 1140-1148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrícia Elias Haddad ◽  
Luis Garrigós Leite ◽  
Cleusa Maria Mantovanello Lucon ◽  
Ricardo Harakava
Keyword(s):  
Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Soybean Plants ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate, in vitro and in vivo, the potential of Trichoderma spp. strains to control Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in soybeans (Glycine max) and to perform the molecular identification of the best perfoming strains. The effect of 120 strains of Trichoderma spp. on the viability of S. sclerotiorum sclerotia was evaluated in vitro through immersion in suspension of conidia from the antagonists and plating in culture medium. The best performing strains were evaluated in vivo, in a greenhouse, for control of the pathogen inoculated on 'Pintado' soybean seeds and plants. Of the 120 strains tested in vitro, 22 strains of Trichoderma spp. caused 100% inhibition of sclerotia germination. In the greenhouse, five strains inhibited the negative effect of the pathogen on seed germination and two strains increased in up to 67% plant dry matter. The best performing strains were identified as T. koningiopsis (3 strains), T. asperelloides (3), T. atroviride (2), and T. virens (1). Trichoderma strains are able to protect soybean plants from the harmful effect of S. sclerotiorum and, at the same time, they can promote the growth of the aerial part in greenhouse conditions.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Bioagents and Biopesticides against Colletotrichum lindemuthianum and its Integrated Management in Common Bean

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 72-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bilal Ahmad PADDER ◽  
Prem Nath SHARMA ◽  
Renu KAPIL ◽  
Anju PATHANIA ◽  
Om Prakash SHARMA
Keyword(s):  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Colletotrichum Lindemuthianum ◽  
Maximum Inhibition ◽  
Gliocladium Virens ◽  
Foliar Treatment

Three bioagents (Trichoderma viride, T. harzianum and Gliocladium virens) and five biopesticides (Achook, Neemgold, Wannis, Spictaf and Neemazal) were evaluated under in vitro and in vivo conditions against Colletotrichum lindemuthianum. All the three antagonistic fungi caused significant inhibition of mycelial growth, maximum being with T. viride (69.21%) followed by T. harzianum (64.20%). Among the biopesticides tested at four concentrations, Wanis applied @ 1000 ?l/ml caused maximum inhibition of 82.12 per cent followed by Spictaf (52.85%). T. viride and Wanis @ 1000 ?l/ml were most effective in reducing the seed borne infection. Integration of bioagents with Bavistin showed that disease can be effectively managed with seed dressing either with Bavistin or biopesticide followed by foliar treatment with fungicide or biopesticide.

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