Fermentación ruminal y producción de metano usando la técnica de gas in vitro en forrajes de un sistema silvopastoril de ovinos de Chiapas, México

Angel Jiménez Santiago; Guillermo Jiménez Ferrer; Armando Alayón-Gamboa; Esaú De Jesús Pérez-Luna; Angel Trinidad Piñeiro-Vázquez; Samuel Albores-Moreno; María Guadalupe Pérez-Escobar; Ricardo Castro-Chan

doi:10.22319/rmcp.v10i2.4529

Fermentación ruminal y producción de metano usando la técnica de gas in vitro en forrajes de un sistema silvopastoril de ovinos de Chiapas, México

Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Pecuarias ◽

10.22319/rmcp.v10i2.4529 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 298-314

Author(s):

Angel Jiménez Santiago ◽

Guillermo Jiménez Ferrer ◽

Armando Alayón-Gamboa ◽

Esaú De Jesús Pérez-Luna ◽

Angel Trinidad Piñeiro-Vázquez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Leucaena Leucocephala ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Gliricidia Sepium ◽

Panicum Maximum ◽

Musa Paradisiaca

Se evaluaron mediante la técnica de producción de gas in vitro, fuentes energéticas locales (melaza, Zea mays L. y Musa paradisiaca L.) sobre la fermentación ruminal y producción de metano de diversos forrajes usados en un sistema silvopastoril con Panicum maximum cv. Tanzania, Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) y Leucaena leucocephala cv. Cunningham, con ovinos. Se usaron cinco borregos Pelibuey x Katahdin 40 ± 3 (μ±DE) kg como donantes de líquido ruminal. Se analizaron cinco tratamientos (dietas) con diferentes mezclas de follaje de arbóreas y fuentes energéticas en un diseño experimental completamente al azar. M. paradisiaca y Z. mays presentaron los mayores registros de volumen (V) máximo en producción de gas (544 y 467 ml/g-1 MS, respectivamente) (P≤0.05). El follaje de G. sepium y L. leucocephala tuvieron los menores valores de V (253 y 180 ml/g-1 MS, respectivamente) (P≤0.05). La dieta D4 GMP (48 % P. maximum, 30 % G. sepium, 7 % Zea mays, 15 % M. paradisiaca) registro el mayor valor de V. No hubo diferencia (P>0.05) en la producción de metano en las dietas usadas, teniendo un rango de 6.31 a 9.60 de LCH4/kg MSDIG. Se generó un índice de emisión potencial de gases fermentables (IPEGF), el cual sugirió que dietas con carbohidratos de lenta fermentación, contribuyen a un índice más alto de emisión de gases. Por su mejoramiento en la calidad de las dietas y en contribuir en una baja de emisiones de CH4, se sugiere el manejo de arbóreas forrajeras como G. sepium y L. leucocephala, incorporando fuentes energéticas locales.

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Konservasi dan Keberlanjutan Pertanian: Suatu Kajian Penerapan Metode KTA oleh Petani Pedesaan

10.31227/osf.io/p5fdn ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

DEWA OKA SUPARWATA ◽

Ulfiasih

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Arachis Hypogaea ◽

Theobroma Cacao ◽

Leucaena Leucocephala ◽

Cocos Nucifera ◽

Gliricidia Sepium ◽

Mixed Cropping ◽

Snowball Sampling ◽

Musa Paradisiaca ◽

Arachis Hypogaea L

Penerapan metode dan sistem usahatani konservasi merupakan salah satu solusi yang dapat diterapkan untuk pertanian dan keberlanjutannya oleh petani di pedesaan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengkaji penerapan metode-metode konservasi tanah dan air oleh petani pedesaan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kecamatan Tolangohula, Kabupaten Gorontalo. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode survei, dengan teknik snowball sampling melalui key informan. Data dianalisis dengan deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode KTA yang diterapkan yaitu teras bangku dan agroforestri. Teras bangku yang diterapkan adalah teras irigasi dengan ketinggian lereng ± 20%. Lebih lanjut pola kombinasi agroforestri diterapkan adalah mixed cropping dan alternate rows dengan pemilihan jenis tanaman pagar yakni Leucaena leucocephala, Gliricidia sepium, jenis tanaman perkebunan yakni Theobroma cacao, Cocos nucifera, jenis tanaman pangan yaitu Arachis hypogaea L., Zea mays, Manihot utilissima, dan jenis tanaman hortikultura yaitu Curcuma sp., Musa paradisiaca, Capcisum sp. Penerapan metode ini memberikan dampak positif pada pertanian perdesaan dalam menyikapi keberlanjutan ekonomi, sosial-budaya dan lingkungan.

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In vitro growth analysis of zea mays l. Using silver nanoparticles

International Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences ◽

10.22376/ijpbs.2017.8.3.b30-37 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

Author(s):

SRIRAM. T ◽

PANDIDURAI. V

Keyword(s):

Silver Nanoparticles ◽

Zea Mays ◽

Growth Analysis ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

In Vitro Growth

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IN VITRO GERMINATION AND POLLEN TUBE GROWTH OF MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L.) POLLEN. X. POLLEN SOURCE GENOTYPE AND GIBBERELLIN A3INTERACTIONS*

Acta Botanica Neerlandica ◽

10.1111/j.1438-8677.1982.tb01596.x ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 31 (1-2) ◽

pp. 105-111 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

P. L. Pfahler ◽

M. Wilcox ◽

D. L. Mulcahy ◽

D. A. Knauft

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Pollen Tube ◽

Pollen Tube Growth ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Tube Growth ◽

In Vitro Germination

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Silicon and cadmium interaction of maize (Zea mays L.) plants cultivated in vitro

Biologia ◽

10.1007/s11756-021-00799-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Zuzana Lukacova ◽

Denis Liska ◽

Boris Bokor ◽

Renata Svubova ◽

Alexander Lux

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Zea Mays L

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Evapotranspiração do feijoeiro irrigado em plantio direto sobre diferentes palhadas de culturas de cobertura

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0100-204x2006000400005 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 41 (4) ◽

pp. 577-582 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Luís Fernando Stone ◽

Pedro Marques da Silveira ◽

José Aloísio Alves Moreira ◽

Antônio Joaquim Braga Pereira Braz

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Sorghum Bicolor ◽

Cajanus Cajan ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Pennisetum Glaucum ◽

Panicum Maximum ◽

Brachiaria Brizantha ◽

Crotalaria Juncea ◽

Stylosanthes Guianensis ◽

Sorghum Bicolor L

O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar o efeito das palhadas de diferentes culturas de cobertura na evapotranspiração do feijoeiro irrigado cultivar Pérola. O experimento foi conduzido por dois anos, 2002/2003 e 2003/2004, na Embrapa Arroz e Feijão, em Santo Antônio de Goiás, GO, em Latossolo Vermelho distrófico, em delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições. No primeiro ano, os tratamentos consistiram de sete culturas de cobertura, conduzidas em plantio direto: braquiária (Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu); milho (Zea mays L.) consorciado com braquiária; guandu anão (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millisp); milheto (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br. cv. BN-2); mombaça (Panicum maximum cv. Mombaça); sorgo granífero (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench cv. BR 304); e estilosantes (Stylosanthes guianensis cv. Mineirão). No segundo ano, foi acrescentada a crotalária (Crotalaria juncea L.). A evapotranspiração, durante o ciclo do feijoeiro, foi determinada pela metodologia do balanço hídrico de campo e variou de 259,8 a 343,7 mm, dependendo da cultura de cobertura e do ano. As palhadas de braquiária e mombaça, pela maior produção de matéria seca, propiciaram as menores perdas de água por evapotranspiração. As maiores diferenças entre as palhadas das culturas de cobertura, com relação à evapotranspiração do feijoeiro, ocorrem nos estádios iniciais e finais do ciclo.

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Évaluation de la qualité de composts à base de biomasses feuillées de deux espèces agroforestières à Cassou, Centre-Ouest, Burkina Faso

International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences ◽

10.4314/ijbcs.v14i9.26 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (9) ◽

pp. 3297-3307

Author(s):

Soungalo Soulama ◽

Wendbénédo Bruno Kabore ◽

Dasmané Bambara ◽

Michel Bembamba ◽

Edmond Hien

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Arachis Hypogaea ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Gliricidia Sepium ◽

International Standards ◽

Albizia Lebbeck ◽

Adansonia Digitata ◽

Sclerocarya Birrea ◽

Arachis Hypogaea L ◽

Leafy Biomass

Albizia lebbeck (L.) Benth. and Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Kunth ex Walp. are species of the leguminosae group which are promoted in agroforestry. This study aimed at assessing the quality of leafy biomass composts of these two species in order to use them as green manure. For this, composts based on leafy biomasses of Albizia lebbeck and Gliricidia sepium have been characterized. The phytotoxicity tests of the composts was carried out using a germination test of Zea mays (L) and Arachis hypogaea (L). The effect of composts on the growth of Adansonia digitata L. and Sclerocarya birrea (A.Rich.) Hochst. subsp. Also evaluated. Comparison of means tests and repeated measures ANOVA were used to compare types of composts. The results show that these composts were not toxic. The average carbon, nitrogen, pHe and C / N ratios of the composts of Albizia lebbeck and Gliricidia sepium were in accordance with international standards. The effect of Gliricidia sepium compost on the growth of Adansonia digitata and Sclerocarya birrea was better than that of Albizia lebbeck and cow dung (P <0.05). The compost from the leafy biomass of Gliricidia sepium is of very good quality while that of Albizia lebbeck is of fairly good quality. The biomasses of these two species therefore constitute good material for composting. These results can be used to improve crop production in agroforestry. Albizia lebbeck (L.) Benth. et Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Kunth ex Walp. sont des espèces de légumineuses promues dans l’agroforesterie. Cette étude visait à évaluer la qualité des composts de biomasses feuillées de ces deux espèces afin de les utiliser comme engrais verts. Pour cela des composts à base de biomasses feuillées de Albizia lebbeck, de Gliricidia sepium ont été caractérisés. La phyto-toxicité des composts a été évaluée à l’aide d’un test de germination de Zea mays (L) et Arachis hypogaea (L). L’effet des composts sur la croissance de Adansonia digitata L. et Sclerocarya birrea (A.Rich.) Hochst.subsp. a également été évalué. Des tests de comparaisons de moyennes et une ANOVA à mesures répétées ont permis de comparer les types de composts. Les résultats montrent que les composts évalués n’étaient pas toxiques. Les teneurs moyennes en carbone, en azote, les pHe et les rapports C/N des composts de Albizia lebbeck et de Gliricidia sepium étaient conformes aux normes internationales. L’effet du compost de biomasse de Gliricidia sepium sur la croissance de Adansonia digitata et de Sclerocarya birrea était mieux que celui de Albizia lebbeck et la bouse de vache (P< 0,05). Le compost de biomasses feuillées de Gliricidia sepium est de très bonne qualité tandis que celui de Albizia lebbeck est d’assez bonne qualité. Les biomasses de ces deux légumineuses constituent donc un bon matériel pour le compostage. Ces résultats peuvent servir à améliorer la production végétale en agroforesterie.

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Efeito do estresse salino e da prolina exógena em calos de milho

Revista Brasileira de Fisiologia Vegetal ◽

10.1590/s0103-31312000000200005 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 146-155 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

TEREZINHA RANGEL CAMARA ◽

LILIA WILLADINO ◽

JOSEP MARIA TORNÉ ◽

ALBERT MANICK ◽

MARIA ASUNCIÓN SANTOS

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Zea Mays L

O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o efeito de diferentes concentrações de NaCl (0, 68, 137 e 205 mM) sobre o cultivo in vitro de calos de dois genótipos (W64Ao2 e Arizona 8601) de milho (Zea mays L.), em meio de cultura N6, suplementado ou não com a adição de 6,0 mM de prolina. Os tratamentos consistiram da combinação dos quatro níveis de NaCl com os dois níveis de prolina, num fatorial 4x2. Os tratamentos foram mantidos durante 60 dias, com subcultivos a cada 20 dias. A taxa de crescimento dos calos e o conteúdo endógeno de putrescina, espermina, espermidina, prolina e outros aminoácidos livres foram avaliados no final do período experimental. A adição de prolina exógena favoreceu o crescimento dos calos no tratamento-controle e minorou os efeitos deletérios do estresse salino em ambos os genótipos, no nível de sal mais elevado (250mM de NaCl). A taxa de crescimento dos calos de W64Ao2 foi superior àquela dos calos de Arizona 8601, possivelmente por causa, em parte, do maior acúmulo de prolina endógena e da manutenção ativa do metabolismo das poliaminas naqueles calos.

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In Vitro gas production assessement of Panicum maximum incubated with Leucaena leucocephala at varying proportions to predict the nutritional value for ruminants

Nigerian Journal of Animal Production ◽

10.51791/njap.v44i3.656 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 44 (3) ◽

pp. 371-377

Author(s):

O. O. Falola ◽

O. O. Olufayo

Keyword(s):

Leucaena Leucocephala ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Small Ruminants ◽

Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽

Gas Production ◽

Panicum Maximum ◽

In Vitro Gas Production ◽

Metabolisable Energy ◽

The Tropics

The inclusion of multipurpose trees with grass such as Panicum maximum in the diet of ruminants may enhance productivity. Thus, the study was carried out to determine the proximate composition, in vitro gas production characteristics and parameters of Leucaena leucocephala and Panicum maximum at varying proportions. Five diets were formulated such that Panicum maximum was substituted with Leucaena leucocephala at different ratio: T1 (100% Panicum maximum), T2 (100% Leuceana leucocephala), T3 (50% P. maximum + 50% L. leucocephala), T4 (75% P. maximum + 25% L .leucocephala) and T5 (25% P. maximum + 75% L. leucocephala). Data were subjected to analysis of variance. Values obtained for dry matter (34.43 –35.95g/100g) decreased with the increased inclusion of Leuceana leucocephala in the diets. The crude fiber values (14.33 – 30.75g/100g) also followed the same trend while crude protein (CP) content (10.70 – 26.78g/100g) increased the inclusion of Leucaena leucocephala in the diets. There were significant (P < 0.05) differences in the treatment means of organic matter digestibility (OMD 31.93 – 37.07%), Metabolisable energy (ME 3.62 – 4.33 MJ/kgDM), short chain fatty acids (SCFA 0.04 – 0.16mL) and methane (ME 1.00 – 2.50 mL).The values (2.00 – 4.67 ml/200mgDM) obtained for immediate soluble 'a' was significantly (P < 0.05) different among the treatments. The extent of gas production (a+b) ranged from 2.00 – 4.67 mL/200mgDM, T1 (100% Panicum maximum) recorded the lowest while highest was observed in T2 (100% Leucaena leucocephala). The insoluble but degradable fraction 'b'ranged from 2.67 – 5.67ml/200mgDM, while the rate of gas production 'c' ranged from 0.04 – 0.14ml/hr. In conclusion, the enhanced values of crude protein, OMD, SCFA, and ME in the Panicum maximum and Leucaena leucocephala mixture indicate that the diets is able to meet the nutrients requirements of small ruminants in the tropics especially during the dry season.

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