scholarly journals Comparative evaluation of various strategies medical care for chronic hepatitis С in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-96
Author(s):  
S. S. Sleptsova ◽  
S. S. Sleptsov ◽  
V. K. Semenova
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Chronic Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Decompensated Cirrhosis ◽  
Major Public Health Problem

Hepatitis C is a major public health problem and measures against it require the development of a national strategy and concept of a prognostic model. This is relevant for Yakutia, as a tremendous region with extremely specific and severe climatic and social conditions that cause a high incidence of hepatitis C.Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of various scenarios for the development of the epidemiological situation of hepatitis C in RS (Y) depending on the strategy for providing medical care to people with chronic hepatitis C.Material and Methods. The work uses the materials of official statistics of the Federal State Institution of Rospotrebnadzor for RS (Y) and information from the register «Chronic viral hepatitis in RS (Y). To assess the burden of disease, the main scenarios were analyzed using the dynamic Excel model.Results and discussion. RS (Y) is a disadvantaged territory of the Russian Federation for parenteral viral hepatitis, including hepatitis C. According to the register «Chronic viral hepatitis in RS (Y)», 14643 people are registered, of which with chronic hepatitis C — 7395, which amounted to 50,5%. The proportion of HCV infection in the group of people with cirrhosis is 44.1%, with hepatocellular carcinoma 59,3%, and 76% in the total structure of the dead. Implementation of the WHO scenario for hepatitis C will reduce mortality by 65%, the number of people with hepatocellular carcinoma by 66%, decompensated cirrhosis by 66% and reduce the overall incidence by 34% by 2030.Conclusion. Achieving the WHO goals by 2030 seems realistic when creating a regional strategy to eliminate HCV in RS (Y), which includes increasing access to therapy with modern drugs with direct antiviral effects, an interdisciplinary approach to the diagnosis and management of patients with chronic hepatitis C, specialties about the problem of chronic hepatitis C and the possibility of curing it.

scholarly journals Influence of OASL gene polymorphisms on host response to interferon therapy in chronic hepatitis C virus patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-125
Author(s):  
Sanja Kiprijanovska ◽  
Emilija Sukarova Stefanovska ◽  
Predrag Noveski ◽  
Viktorija Chaloska Ivanova ◽  
Dijana Plaseska-Karanfilska
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Host Response ◽  
Standard Treatment ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Oligoadenylate Synthetase

Abstract Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection becomes a major public health problem and leading cause of chronic liver disease and liver failure. Pegylated interferon-alfa and ribavirin are currently the standard treatment for chronic hepatitis C (CHC). It is indicated that genes that trace the interferon signaling could be associated with the host response to the therapy. In order to investigate the influence of these genes on host related response, we have analyzed seven single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs59248852, rs74390571, rs12811390, rs1169279, rs3213545, rs1083129 and rs2859398) in 2-5-Oligoadenylate- Synthetase-Like (OASL) gene in CHC cases from Republic of Macedonia. A simple and easy to use SNaPshot method was developed. A cohort of 100 HCV RNA positive patients - non responders and 109 patients with achieved virological response after the standard treatment were included in this study. We have found significant association in five of the seven studied SNP` s: rs59248852 [p = 6.5x10-31, OR=55.7 (20.0-155.3)]; rs12811390 [p = 2.2x10-11, OR=4.3 (2.3-6.7)]; rs2859398 [p=1.34x10-9, OR=3.4 (2.2-5.0)]; rs74390571 [p=4.3x10-7, OR=2.9 (1.9-4.4)], and rs1083129 [p=0.0139, OR=2.0 (1.1-3.5)]. The results from this study can be used as a predictive factor of future patient’s selection for the standard therapy, having an important cost benefit for the health insurance system.

scholarly journals Features of ophthalmic disorders in patients with chronic viral hepatitis C before and after antiviral treatment

2012 ◽  
Vol 93 (6) ◽  
pp. 989-991
Author(s):  
G E Akberova ◽  
F R Saifullina ◽  
I M Khaertynova
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Color Vision ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Antiviral Treatment ◽  
Chronic Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Viral Hepatitis C ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Chronic Viral Hepatitis C

Aim. To study the features of ophthalmic disorders in patients with chronic viral hepatitis C before and after antiviral treatment. Methods. 40 patients (80 eyes) with chronic hepatitis C were observed (the main group). The control group consisted of 20 healthy subjects (40 eyes). To diagnose chronic hepatitis C infection and to assess liver damage a set of clinical, epidemiological and laboratory tests was performed. All patients underwent liver ultrasonography. The diagnosis of chronic hepatitis C was set up according to presence of immunoglobulin M and G to hepatitis C virus and presence of viral RNA on polymerase chain reaction in peripheral blood. Along with standard opthalmic examination, visual field testing using the white and chromatic light and visual lability testing were performed. Results. Color vision impairments were diagnosed in 50% of patients with chronic hepatitis C, with decreased visual lability for the red and green colors in 100% of cases. After 6 months of antiviral treatment restoration of visual function was observed. The durability of visual impairments in patients with chronic hepatitis C depended on the severity of the disease. Conclusion. In patients with chronic hepatitis C with the short term of the disease ophthalmic disorders such as decreased peripheral vision, color vision impairments, decreased visual lability are reversible.

Association between Hepatic Steatosis and Fibrosis in Chronic Viral Hepatitis B and C Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (3) ◽  
pp. 396-401
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Liver Biopsy ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatic Steatosis ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Chronic Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Fibrosis Stage ◽  
Viral Hepatitis B

Background: Chronic viral hepatitis B (CHB) and chronic viral hepatitis C (CHC) are important causes of chronic liver disease and cancer development in patients with progressive fibrosis, which are often associated with hepatic steatosis. Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of hepatic steatosis in Thai CHB and CHC patients and its correlation with fibrosis stage. Materials and Methods: The authors examined the liver biopsy findings of CHB and CHC patients diagnosed at Srinagarind Hospital between 2016 and 2018. Routine Hematoxylin and Eosin staining with PAS, and Masson trichrome staining were used to evaluate fibrosis and steatosis histology according to the METAVIR and SAF scoring systems. The association were evaluated by chi-square, Fisher’s exact, and Spearman’s correlation tests with statistical significance defined as p-value less than 0.05. Results: One hundred thirty-eight cases were examined. The mean age of the patients was 45 years. Chronic hepatitis C was detected in 96 patients (69.6%), and CHB was detected in 42 patients (30.4%). Liver biopsies showed steatosis in 73 patients (52.9%; grade 1: 67.1%, grade 2: 19.2%, and grade 3: 13.7%). Steatosis was associated with viral hepatitis profile (OR 2.534, 95% CI 1.087 to 5.904, p=0.031); however, the METAVIR fibrosis stage associated with the age of the patient (OR 1.059, 95% CI 1.012 to 1.109, p=0.014) and METAVIR activity (OR 4.924, 95% CI 2.443 to 9.967, p<0.0001). Conclusion: Hepatic steatosis is commonly present in Thai CHC and CHB patients, and especially in the former. Steatosis was associated with viral hepatitis profile. Hepatic fibrosis is associated only with the age of the patient and METAVIR activity. Keywords: Chronic hepatitis B, Chronic hepatitis C, Steatosis, Fibrosis, METAVIR, SAF score, Liver biopsy

scholarly journals Picolinic Acid in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C Infection: A Preliminary Report

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jolanta Zuwała-Jagiello ◽  
Monika Pazgan-Simon ◽  
Krzysztof Simon ◽  
Maria Warwas
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Picolinic Acid ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Chronic Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C Infection ◽  
Inflammatory Reactions

Macrophage activation seems to be a feature of chronic liver diseases. Picolinic acid (PA) as a macrophage secondary signal causes the activation of interferon-gamma- (IFN-γ-) prime macrophage and triggers cytokine-driven inflammatory reactions. The rationale for seeking increased PA formation in chronic viral hepatitis is based on the involvement of activated macrophages in chronic viral hepatitis-associated inflammation. The aim of this study was to determine serum PA levels in patients with chronic hepatitis C infection, taking into account the presence of diabetes. We assessed PA and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) as a marker of inflammation in 51 patients with chronic hepatitis C infection (CHC), both with and without diabetes and 40 controls. Compared with the controls, the patients with CHC showed a significant increase in plasma concentrations of PA and hsCRP (P<0.01andP<0.05, resp.). The values of PA and hsCRP were more elevated in patients with diabetes than without diabetes (bothP<0.01). The positive relationships were between PA and hsCRP levels (P<0.05) and the presence of diabetes (P<0.001). We documented that significant elevation in serum PA levels is associated with diabetes prevalence and increased inflammatory response reflected in hsCRP levels in CHC patients.

scholarly journals CHRONIC VIRAL HEPATITIS AND INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-117
Author(s):  
G. V. Volynets ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Immunosuppressive Therapy ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Chronic Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Significant Public Health ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

The article presents the results of a literature review devoted to the study of the problems of the concurrent course of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), which include ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), as well as chronic viral hepatitis (CVH) - chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and chronic hepatitis C (CHC). The prevalence of CHB and CHC in IBD in different countries ranges from 1% to 9%. The clinical course of these concurrent diseases, the possibility of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) reactivation during immunosuppressive therapy are described. Recommendations on the peculiarities of examination and management of patients with concurrent pathology of IBD and CVH are presented. The combined pathology of IBD and CVH is a significant public health problem worldwide that requires further largescale study. The use of immunosuppressive therapy for IBD can be accompanied by the activation of HBV and HCV infection, therefore, the management of such patients should occur on an individual basis.

scholarly journals Low incidence of HCC in chronic hepatitis C patients with pretreatment liver stiffness measurements below 17.5 kilopascal who achieve SVR following DAAs

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0243725
Author(s):  
Jacob Søholm ◽  
Janne Fuglsang Hansen ◽  
Belinda Mössner ◽  
Birgit Thorup Røge ◽  
Alex Lauersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Liver Stiffness ◽  
Decompensated Cirrhosis ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Direct Acting

Background and aims To evaluate the ability of pretreatment liver stiffness measurements (pLSM) to predict hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), incident decompensation and all-cause mortality in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients who achieved sustained virological response (SVR) after treatment with direct-acting antivirals (DAAs). Methods 773 CHC patients with SVR after DAA treatment and no prior liver complications were identified retrospectively. Optimized cut-off of 17.5 kPa for incident HCC was selected by maximum Youden’s index. Patients were grouped by pLSM: <10 kPa [reference], 10–17.4 kPa and ≥17.5 kPa. Primary outcomes were incident hepatocellular carcinoma and secondary outcomes were incident decompensated cirrhosis and all-cause mortality, analyzed using cox-regression. Results Median follow-up was 36 months and 43.5% (336) had cirrhosis (LSM>12.5 kPa). The median pLSM was 11.6 kPa (IQR 6.7–17.8, range 2.5–75) and pLSM of <10 kPa, 10–17.4 kPa and 17.5–75 kPa was seen in 41.5%, 32.2% and 26.3%. During a median follow-up time of 36 months, 11 (1.4%) developed HCC, 14 (1.5%) developed decompensated cirrhosis, and 38 (4.9%) patients died. A pLSM of 17.5 kPa identified patients with a high risk of HCC with a negative predictive value of 98.9% and incidence rate of HCC in the 17.5–75 kPa group of 1.40/100 person years compared to 0.14/100 person years and 0.12/100 person years in the 10–17.4 kPa and <10 kPa groups, p<0.001. Conclusion Pretreatment LSM predicts risk of HCC, decompensation and all-cause mortality in patients with SVR after DAA treatment. Patients with a pLSM <17.5 kPa and no other risk factors for chronic liver disease appear not to benefit from HCC surveillance for the first 3 years after treatment. Longer follow-up is needed to clarify if they can be safely excluded from post treatment HCC screening hereafter.

Chronic viral hepatitis and inflammatory bowel disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
G.V. Volynets ◽  
◽  
A.I. Khavkin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Immunosuppressive Therapy ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Chronic Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

The article presents the results of a literature review devoted to the study of the problems of the combined course of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), which include ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), and chronic viral hepatitis (CVH) – chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and chronic hepatitis C (CHC). The frequency of occurrence of CHB and CHC in IBD in different countries is presented, which ranges from 1 to 9%. The clinical course of these combined diseases, the possibility of reactivation of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) during immunosuppressive therapy are described. Recommendations on the specifics of examination and management of patients with combined pathology of IBD and CVH are presented. Conclusion. The combined pathology of IBD and CVH is a significant public health problem around the world that requires further large-scale study. The use of immunosuppressive therapy for IBD can be accompanied by the activation of HBV and HCV infection, therefore, the management of such patients should be individualized. Key words: inflammatory bowel disease, chronic hepatitis B, chronic hepatitis C, immunosuppressive therapy

scholarly journals NEW PROGNOSTIC METHOD FOR ESTIMATION OF LIPID DISTRESS SYNDROME DEVELOPMENT IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS C

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-19
Author(s):  
Dmitrii Yu. Konstantinov ◽  
German V. Nedugov ◽  
Larisa L. Popova ◽  
Elena A. Konstantinova
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Antiviral Therapy ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Chronic Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Viral Hepatitis C ◽  
Chronic Viral Hepatitis C

Objectives - to work out a prognostic method, based on clinical and laboratory data, which can predict the development of lipid distress syndrome in patients with chronic viral hepatitis C. Material and methods. We studied the outcomes of chronic viral hepatitis C with respect to development of lipid distress syndrome in 267 patients who did not receive antiviral therapy during the observation period lasting for 1 to 7 years. Results. Discriminant function analysis of the data acquired after examination of 167 patients helped us to work out a discriminative model of predicting the development of lipid distress syndrome in patients with chronic viral hepatitis C in the absence of antiviral therapy. Crosschecking of prediction accuracy was carried out on the data of examination of other 100 patients. Conclusion. The designed technique for predicting the development of lipid distress syndrome in patients with chronic hepatitis C is characterized by point estimates of sensitivity and prognostic value of the negative result equal to 100%.

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