Evolution of public administration in the post-Soviet countries. Kyrgyz Republic

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 90-118
Author(s):  
ALMAZBEK AKMATALIEV ◽  
◽  
ABDYRAMANOVA SHABDANBAEVNA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Open Economy ◽  
Small Open Economy ◽  
Kyrgyz Republic ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
Political Decisions

The article examines the features of the development of Kyrgyz statehood after gaining independence in 1991. With the collapse of the Soviet Union, not only the economic system but also the system of public administration and civil service underwent a complete reform, since it was also required to respond to the changed realities. The formation of the young Kyrgyz state was accompanied by a catastrophic decline in production, inflation, an increase in poverty and crime. However, the actions of the authorities minimized negative trends and provided a clear and transparent legislative basis for changes in the country. The political decisions allowed starting the fight against corruption, carrying out the necessary reforms, and providing Kyrgyzstan with the opportunity to become an example of a small open economy that has taken strategic measures to establish new market institutions. In 2017, for the first time in the modern history of the Central Asian states, a peaceful transfer of presidential power was carried out in the Kyrgyz Republic. The current constitution limits presidential powers to one six-year term.

scholarly journals Emigration of Jews from the Soviet Union in the 1960-1970s through the eyes of the American press

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-160
Author(s):  
Alexey V. Antoshin ◽  
Dmitry L. Strovsky
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
American Press ◽  
The Usa ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Media ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
First Time

The article analyzes the features of Soviet emigration and repatriation in the second half of the 1960s through the early 1970s, when for the first time after a long period of time, and as a result of political agreements between the USSR and the USA, hundreds of thousands of Soviet Jews were able to leave the Soviet Union for good and settle in the United States and Israel. Our attention is focused not only on the history of this issue and the overall political situation of that time, but mainly on the peculiarities of this issue coverage by the leading American printed media. The reference to the media as the main empirical source of this study allows not only perceiving the topic of emigration and repatriation in more detail, but also seeing the regularities of the political ‘face’ of the American press of that time. This study enables us to expand the usual framework of knowledge of emigration against the background of its historical and cultural development in the 20th century.

Modern domestic cinema and the legacy of shaken Aimanov

Keruen ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (69) ◽  
Author(s):  
A.S. Jumadilov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
National Culture ◽  
Film Industry ◽  
National Cinema ◽  
Soviet State ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time

Following the collapse of the Soviet Union, the post-Soviet state of post-Soviet autonomous republics turned out to be the ideology for which cinematographers and screenwriters have to make a film epic of epoch - national cinema. In this article, the author can only use the ever-present cinematography, the unmerciful nationalistic culture, the ideological orientation of the film industry, the uniqueness or national identity. It's a good idea to have a world-renowned artisan who is doing all the same, seeking internationalization and gloss? Another - cinematic and astrophysical art of Shaken Aimanov, whose works live in volumes or polls, and others. For many years, many changes have taken place in the national cinema, such as national culture, a national emblem of national culture. For the first time in the history of national cinema, national cinema and the world of cinema, the future and future films have been transformed into a lot of changes. The Concept of distinguished singer Shaken Aimanova is embodied in the volume, which, unlike the researchers and artists all over the world of cinema Shaken Aimnayev, the director of which, as long as he is a filmmaker, creates a film studio as part of national culture.

К вопросу об отношениях между дальневосточными железнодорожниками и Советским руководством с начала 1930-х до 1945 гг

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 274-297
Author(s):  
Elena Nikolaevna Gnatovskaya ◽  
Alexander Alexeevich Kim
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Far East ◽  
Railroad Workers ◽  
Labor Discipline ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Research ◽  
First Time ◽  
Significant Attention

This work presents new research on the everyday life of railroad workers in the Soviet Far East and their relations with the authorities beginning in the 1930s to 1945. The authors present their findings from a number of archival materials that are examined here for the first time in a scholarly manner. The article examines aspects of labor organization, socialist competition, labor discipline, and workers’ participation in various railway political and ideological campaigns during these years. The authors also give significant attention to the reactions of the workers to the policy of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (cpsu), laborers’ behavior in the workplace, and the history of various mass campaigns.

Le relazioni fra Italia e Urss nella prima fase della distensione

2009 ◽  
pp. 113-154
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Contemporary History ◽  
European Security ◽  
Economic Diplomacy ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Political Effects ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time

- The relations between Italy and the Ussr, almost absent after WWII began to grow during the years of détente. Their development offers useful insight on the long-term cleavages which led to the fall of the Soviet Union. The documents, published here for the first time, come from Rgani (State Archive of Contemporary History of the Russian Federation) and offer an outline of the crucial period in the mid-1960s. From them, it is possible to grasp the main elements of the Ussr's foreign policy towards Italy: the central role of an explorative diplomacy; a negative attitude towards the center-left governments; the close relations with the large Italian industrial groups; the lasting centrality of the political link with Pci; and, above all, the firm belief of the Kremlin leadership that the economic and cultural détente would have, in the long run, deep political effects. They were right; what they weren't able to predict is that they would be the losers.Key words: Cold War, Détente, European security, economic diplomacy, Center left governements, Cpsu/Cpi.Parole chiave: guerra fredda, distensione, sicurezza europea, diplomazia economica, governi di centrosinistra, Pcus/Pci.

Perepiska [Letters], Mikhail Lifschitz and György Lukács, Moscow: Grundrisse, 2011; Pisma V. Dostalu, V. Arslanovu, M. Mikhailovu [Letters to V. Dostal, V. Arslanov, M. Mikhailov], Mikhail Lifschitz, Moscow: Grundrisse, 2011

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 187-198
Author(s):  
Evgeni V. Pavlov
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
Gyorgy Lukacs ◽  
Cultural Role

Abstract The two volumes of letters by Mikhail Lifschitz, recently published in Russian, reveal for the first time certain aspects of his relationship with György Lukács and his general intellectual and cultural role in the long history of Soviet aesthetics. The first volume contains all the known letters between Lifschitz and Lukács; the second volume contains the letters from Lifschitz to three of his younger colleagues. Both volumes throw considerable light on the development of Marxist aesthetics in the Soviet Union from the 1930s to the 1980s. The extensive commentaries and notes provide context for the various discussions in the letters and situate the main issues under consideration within the wider historical and social context of the period.

New Nation, New History: Promoting National History in Tajikistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 224-239
Author(s):  
James D. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
First Century ◽  
National History ◽  
Islamic Movements ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Nation

AbstractThis essay looks at the national history of the Tajiks of Central Asia that was created in the twentieth century and has continued to develop into the twenty-first century. It traces the notion of Tajik nationalism, which arose in the 1920s under the Soviet Union, largely in response to Uzbek nationalism. Soviet intellectuals and scholars thereafter attempted to construct a new history for the Tajiks. The most important effort in that area was Bobojon Ghafurov’s study Tadzhiki (Tajiks, 1972), which gave them primacy among the Central Asian peoples. The essay examines the policies of independent Tajikistan’s government, such as its focus on the Samanid dynasty and the replacement Soviet monuments and names with nationalist ones. Finally, it looks at the challenges that contemporary Islamic movements in the country pose to the earlier secular interpretations.

scholarly journals Central Asia Reader

1995 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 571-575
Author(s):  
Farkhad S. Juraev
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Native Languages ◽  
Radio Stations ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
History Of ◽  
Full Force ◽  
The Right

The collapse of the Soviet Union and the creation of new independentstates has generated great interest among scholars and politiciansin the history and contemporary situation in the region. CentralAsia is not an exception to this case. Viewed in this light, Central Asia: The Rediscovery of History is a welcome contribution towardintroducing the western scholarly community to the politics of CentralAsia.The book is composed of a number of articles published by Turkiclanguage specialists from 1904 to 1990, and of official documents fromCentral Asia and Azerbaijan. The integration processes of the Turkicpeoples, which began during the Soviet period, are now in full force. In1990, the heads of the Central Asian republics signed a treaty for economicand cultural cooperation. The treaty was also signed by Tajikistan,the only representative of the Indo-European family in CentralAsia. The integration envisioned a united economic space betweenKazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and Kyrgystan. In the 1992 and 1994 summitsheld in Ankara and Istanbul, Turkey and five newly independent Turkicstates confirmed their desire to cooperate in the economic and politicalarenas. Therefore, attention to Central Asian problems and the publicationof several scholarly works from this region are symbolic, to someextent, of the attention being paid to the significance of a commonTurkic tradition and the possibilities of a meaningful integration in the“Great Turan.”The book begins with Ayaz Malikov’s “The Question of the Turk:The Way out of the Crisis.” This chapter actually sets the tone for thewhole book by making a case for the need to attract the attention ofscholarly and political circles from around the world to the problems ofthe Turkic nations and their suffering under Soviet rule. His statementthat “our peoples do not have their own history” seems to be true, forall of the nations (not only the Turkic ones) in the former Soviet Unionhad to study mainly the history of the Russian state at the expense ofdeveloping their own historical consciousness. No doubt the author isright in his claims about Soviet violations of the rights of Turkic communitiesin Russia, especially the right to study in their own languagesat schools and universities and even the right to listen to programsbroadcast by western radio stations in their native languages. Arguingthat the political history of the Turkic nations extends backwards formore than two thousand years (p. 4), Malikov calls for the right ofTurkic peoples to seek unification without fear of being charged withadvocating “Pan-Turkism” (p. 6). The author appeals for the formationof a terminological commission that will be entrusted with seeking theunification of the Turkic language.All of the other chapters-Muhammad Ali’s “Let Us Learn about OurHeritage: Get to Know Yourself,” Zeki Togan’s “The Origins of theKazakhs and Ozbeks,” and Kahar Barat’s “Discovery of History: TheBurial Site of Kashgarli Mahmud”-are attempts to prove the Turkic originsof Central Asia since antiquity. Ali’s attempt to connect the term“Turan” with the ethnic term “Turkic” by referring to the Shah-ndma ofAbul Qasem Firdousi is quite novel, if not eccentric, as is his attributionof the Iranian language’s dominance in Central Asia as being the result ...

scholarly journals Sixtieth anniversary of the International Geophysical Year (1957–2017) – contribution of the Soviet Union

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-171
Author(s):  
Yulia S. Lyubovtseva ◽  
Alexei D. Gvishiani ◽  
Anatoly A. Soloviev ◽  
Olga O. Samokhina ◽  
Roman I. Krasnoperov
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Geophysical Research ◽  
International Geophysical Year ◽  
Scientific Event ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
International Geophysical ◽  
Sixtieth Anniversary

Abstract. The International Geophysical Year (IGY) was the most significant international scientific event in geophysical sciences in the history of mankind. This was the largest international experiment that brought together about 300 000 scientists from 67 countries. Well-planned activity of national and international committees was organized for the first time. The history of the IGY organization and complex international experiments in planetary geophysics conducted within its program are discussed in this article. Special attention is given to the estimation of the significance of this project for developing worldwide geophysical research.

scholarly journals Genetic Resources of Apricots (Prunus armeniaca L.) in Central Asia

HortScience ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 681-691 ◽  
Author(s):  
David E. Zaurov ◽  
Thomas J. Molnar ◽  
Sasha W. Eisenman ◽  
Timothy M. Ford ◽  
Ravza F. Mavlyanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
Prunus Armeniaca ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Germplasm Exchange ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
History Of ◽  
Prunus Armeniaca L

Central Asia is a center of diversity for many important fruit and nut tree species, including wild and cultivated apricots (Prunus armeniaca L.). A wealth of apricot germplasm that expresses novel and valuable characteristics such as fruits with high soluble solids, edible kernels, glabrous skin, and diverse colors and flavors, as well as later-blooming flowers, late-maturing fruit, and drought, cold, and salt tolerance, can be found growing across this region. Since the dissolution of the Soviet Union, Central Asia has become more accessible for reciprocal germplasm exchange and scientific collaborations. Thus, opportunities now exist to obtain, study, and use a much wider diversity of Central Asian apricot germplasm in breeding efforts, which can lead to improved crop traits and ultimately an expansion of the regions where this high-value crop can be grown. To bring attention to the valuable P. armeniaca genetic resources found in Central Asia and to promote its better use, management, and preservation, a description and history of the species from a Central Asian perspective, along with recent and ongoing activities, are discussed in this article.

The last day in life of the Soviet Union. The first day of the existence of the Russian Federation

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
С.В. Девятов
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
First Time

Статья посвящена истории одного дня в Московском Кремле. Это был последний день существования СССР – 25 декабря 1991 года. На фоне показа исторических событий того времени рассказывается о смене Государственного флага СССР на Государственный флаг Российской Федерации. Впервые публикуется уникальный документ – акт о замене флага, написанный непосредственно после этого события и подписанный всеми участниками. The article is devoted to the history of one day in the Moscow Kremlin. It was the last day of the USSR's existence – December 25, 1991. The events of that time create a perfect background, the Soviet flag was lowered from Kremlin and then replaced by the three-color Russian Federation flag. For the first time published is a unique document — the Act of flag replacement written shortly after the events and signed by all participants.

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