scholarly journals A Conceptual Model for Assessing the Technological Readiness of a R&D Project and its Potential at the Early Stages of Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-134
Author(s):  
A. V. Komarov ◽  
A. N. Pikhtar ◽  
I. V. Grinevsky ◽  
K. A. Komarov ◽  
L. V. Golitsyn
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Assessment Process ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Readiness Assessment ◽  
Technological Readiness ◽  
Technology Project ◽  
Commercial Potential ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Proposed Model

The article proposes a conceptual model for assessing the technological readiness and the potential of a R&D project at the early stages of its development (TPRA – Technology Project Readiness Assessment). The proposed model will allow to assess the technological readiness of the scientific and technological projects, the commercial potential of their results, the possibility of participation of the results of projects in the transfer of technologies, the possibility of using the results obtained as a scientific and technical groundwork, as well as the risks of nonfulfillment of projects within the framework of a single tool. The results that can be obtained in the assessment process can be used to improve the efficiency of planning and implementation of R&D in the institutions for innovative development, as well as in corporations and organizations that invest in R&D processes.

Internal Corrosion Direct Assessment for Hydrocarbon Service Petroleum Pipelines

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick J. Teevens ◽  
Ashish Khera ◽  
Zhenjin Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Assessment Process ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Internal Corrosion ◽  
Oil Pipeline ◽  
Pressure Testing ◽  
Direct Assessment ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Process Piping ◽  
Petroleum Pipelines

Contaminants such as CO2, H2S and O2 in water-wet liquid and gas pipelines create an aggressive environment conducive to facilitating internal corrosion. During pipeline operations, solids deposition, water accumulation, bacterial activities and improper chemical inhibition aggravate the internal corrosion attack. For assessing the threat of internal corrosion, the petroleum industry currently has only three integrity validation tools at its disposal. These are Pressure Testing, In-line Inspection (ILI) and Internal Corrosion Direct Assessment (ICDA). To enhance pipeline integrity for piggable and non-piggable pipelines, NACE International has developed and published a variety of industry consensus Standard Practices for the ICDA protocols to predict time-dependent internal corrosion threats for various petroleum products in both offshore and onshore under sweet or sour environments. These NACE International ICDA Standards include: • SP0206-2006 “ICDA Methodology for Pipelines Carrying Normally Dry Natural Gas (DG-ICDA)”[1] • SP0208-2008 “ICDA Methodology for Liquid Petroleum Pipelines (LP-ICDA)”[2] • SP0110-2010 “Wet Gas ICDA Methodology for Pipelines (WG-ICDA)”[3] • Multiphase flow (MP-ICDA) is under development with TG-426 and will be released in 2013. • Process Piping (PP-ECDA, Above Ground) is in its early stages of development with the release not likely before 2015. • Process Piping (PP-ECDA, Buried) is in its early stages of development with the release not likely before 2015. • Process Piping (PP-ICDA) for various service environments is in its early stages of development with the release not likely before 2015. All ICDA protocols are a structured, iterative integrity assessment process, consisting of the following four steps: Preassessment, Indirect Inspection, Detailed Examination and Postassessment. Most importantly, unlike ILI and pressure testing, all the ICDA standards require a mandatory root cause analysis and a go forward mitigation plan to arrest the corrosion processes being encountered. This paper reviews the following case studies: LP-ICDA for a crude oil pipeline and WG-ICDA for a high pressure gas pipeline with free water and condensate. ICDA is applicable for dry gas systems too but due to limiting length of this paper, the dry gas case study is not detailed. This paper will be useful for the pipeline operators to provide guidance in identifying locations at which corrosion activity has occurred, is occurring, or may likely occur in the future under a series of pre-defined operating conditions.

scholarly journals FACTORS IMPACTING THE COMMERCIAL POTENTIAL OF TECHNOLOGIES: EXPERT APPROACH

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 410-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vaida ZEMLICKIENĖ ◽  
Alminas MAČIULIS ◽  
Manuela TVARONAVIČIENĖ
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Mathematical Statistics ◽  
Development Model ◽  
Commercial Potential ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Expert Opinions ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Recommended Guidelines ◽  
Advanced Tool

In order to ensure the harmonious activity of the institutions engaged in R&D and to reduce the uncertainty of the commercialization of technologies, an advanced tool for verifying decisions on technology development at early stages of commercialization, i.e. an instrument for assessing the commercial potential of technology, is needed. The article is aimed at defining the importance of factors in the commercial potential of technologies with the help of expert research. To achieve the goal, the following tasks have been approached: (1) on the basis of the created system for factors in the commercial potential of technologies, to conduct expert research aimed at collecting information on the importance of factors in technologies; (2) to apply the methods of mathematical statistics in order to determine the compatibility level of expert opinions and the significance of factors. The system of factors in the commercial potential of technologies and the identified significance of factors can be used as recommended guidelines for technology developers, investors and potential owners in the decision-making processes of commercialization, investment or purchase of technology as well as at the next stage of research on the development model for assessing the commercial potential of technologies.

Comparative leaf development of aerial and aquatic growth forms of Myriophyllum aquaticum

Botany ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 91 (7) ◽  
pp. 421-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.D. Shafiullah ◽  
Christian R. Lacroix
Keyword(s):  
Apical Meristem ◽  
Epidermal Cells ◽  
The Other ◽  
Developmental Study ◽  
Growth Forms ◽  
Myriophyllum Aquaticum ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Other Hand

Myriophyllum aquaticum (Vell.) Verdc. produces two morphologically different forms of leaves based on whether they are aerial or aquatic. The objective of this study was to determine whether there are any similarities or differences between these two growth forms during their early stages of development. A comparative developmental study of aerial and aquatic growth forms of M. aquaticum was conducted from a qualitative and quantitative perspective using a scanning electron microscope. The pattern of leaf and lobe initiation such as their origin and shape were similar in both growth forms until the fourth plastochron (stage P4). Differences between the two growth forms became evident from stage P5 onward, where a larger shoot apical meristem (SAM), elongated epidermal cells, shorter and slightly more numerous lobes, as well as the presence of appendage-like structures characterized aquatic growth forms. On the other hand, aerial growth forms had smaller SAM, bulb-like epidermal cells, and longer and slightly less numerous leaf lobes. Significant differences between growth forms were noted for parameters such as volume of SAM, length of terminal, first, and middle lobes, as well as the length from first to last lobes. The volume of the SAM of aquatic shoot tips was always greater than aerial forms. On the other hand, lobes of aerial forms were always longer than the aquatic counterpart during early stages of development. This study on the development of M. aquaticum shows that the aerial and aquatic growth forms diverge from their early stages of development.

XV. On the development of the parasitic isopoda

1878 ◽  
Vol 169 ◽  
pp. 505-521 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Abdominal Appendages ◽  
Pair Of Antennae

The following paper contains an account of observations on the development of the species Cymothoa œstroides and C . parallela of Milne Edwards; but the forms of the young seem to show that several species are really included under these two names. In the early stages of development the only observable difference that exists between the embryos is one of size, but in the later stages they differ very markedly from each other in their external characters. From adult individuals answering the description of C . œstroides I have obtained four varieties of embryos: two with long antennae and two with short.* In the two former the first pair of antennae are but slightly longer than the head, while the second pair are longer than the body; the eyes are small. In one of the varieties thus characterised the abdominal appendages are fringed with long hairs (fig. 20), and in the other they are smooth.

A CONCEPTUAL MODEL TO UNDERSTAND THE EFFECTS OF PERCEPTION ON THE CONTINUANCE INTENTION IN FACEBOOK

2012 ◽  
Vol 01 (08) ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
Shih-Chih Chen ◽  
Huei-Huang Chen ◽  
Mei-Tzu Lin ◽  
Yu-Bei Chen
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Perceived Usefulness ◽  
System Quality ◽  
Perceived Ease Of Use ◽  
Continuance Intention ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Managerial Implications

Recently, the social networking applications expand rapidly and attract a lot of users in a short time period. This study attempts to develop a conceptual model to understand the continuance intention in the context of social networking. The conceptual model integrates the post-acceptance model of information system continuance with perceived ease-of-use and perceived usefulness proposed by Bhattacherjee (2001a) and Davis (1989), respectively. In the proposed model, continuance intention is influenced by the relationship quality and information system quality. Additionally, nine propositions are developed based the proposed model and literature review. Finally, conclusions, managerial implications, and future direction of research are also provided.

Morphological variations of Phrosina semilunata Risso, 1822 juveniles (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Hyperiidea), new evidence from the Gulf of Mexico

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4995 (3) ◽  
pp. 594-600
Author(s):  
MARCO VIOLANTE-HUERTA ◽  
LAURA SANVICENTE-AÑORVE ◽  
MARGARITA HERMOSO-SALAZAR ◽  
AURORA MARRÓN-BECERRA
Keyword(s):  
Gulf Of Mexico ◽  
Monotypic Genus ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Morphological Variations ◽  
Stages Of Growth ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Southern Gulf Of Mexico ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
Lack Of Knowledge

Lack of knowledge of morphological variations during growth of amphipod crustaceans can result in misidentification of species. In this study, we advance the knowledge of morphological variations of juveniles of the monotypic genus Phrosina Risso, 1822 collected in the oceanic province of the southern Gulf of Mexico. The juveniles differed from the adults mainly in the morphology of pereopods 3 & 4 in that the carpal process is parallel to the propodus, also the rami of the pleopoda consist of only four segments, uropoda 3 are more lanceolate, and the uropoda bear a large prominent spine terminally. These morphological variations have not been described for the species previously. Therefore, the current observations enrich the description of P. semilunata in the early stages of growth and support the need for further taxonomical studiest that could help identify species at different stages of development.  

Baby steps: a report exploring the development of neonatal music therapy programmes in Estonia, Greece and Wales

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-137
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Coombes ◽  
Marion Musting ◽  
 Ivad Al-Muzzafar ◽  
Christina Kalliodi 
Keyword(s):  
Music Therapy ◽  
Family Members ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Treatment Goals ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Client Population ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
Therapy Interventions ◽  
Future Growth

There is a growing body of music therapy work addressing the needs of infants born prematurely. This also includes work with parents and other family members during hospitalisation. A variety of music therapy interventions are utilised to support a range of treatment goals for this client population. This report describes and discusses such work that is in the early stages of development in 3 European countries: Estonia, Greece and Wales. The development and content of the interventions in each country is described, with recommendations as to the sustainability and future growth of each programme

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