scholarly journals Pra Rancangan Pabrik Pembuatan Biodiesel dari Proses Non Katalitik Transesterifikasi-Esterifikasi Palm Fatty Acid Distillate (Pfad) dengan Kapasitas Produksi 100.000 Ton/Tahun

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-31
Author(s):  
Zakiyah Humairah ◽  
Nazarudin ◽  
Edwin Permana
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Cash Flow ◽  
Return On Investment ◽  
Rate Of Return ◽  
Discounted Cash Flow ◽  
Palm Fatty Acid Distillate ◽  
Break Even Point ◽  
Fatty Acid Distillate

Biodiesel adalah bahan bakar yang berasal dari minyak nabati yang dapat diperbaharui, dapat dihasilkan secara periodik, juga ramah lingkungan. Proses dalam pembuatan biodiesel Biodiesel ini yaitu dengan proses non-katalitik transesterifikasi-esterifikasi. Biodiesel yang dihasilkan memiliki kemurnian 98,6%. Kapasitas produksi pabrik yang direncanakan 100.000 ton/tahun dengan 300 hari kerja selama 24 jam dalam 1 tahun. Lokasi pabrik didirikan di Kecamatan Bandar, Kabupaten Simalungun, Sumatera Utara. Penyediaan kebutuhan utilitas pabrik berupa sistem pengolahan dan penyediaan air,sistem penyediaan steam, sistem penyediaan udara instrumen, dan sistem pembangkit tenaga listrik Hasil analisa ekonomi, pabrik biodiesel ini dinyatakan layak untuk didirikan, dengan rincian Annual Cash Flow (ACF) US$ 79.559.278,9211, Rate of Return on Investment (ROI) : 27,8883%, Rate of Return based on Discounted Cash Flow (DCF) : 20,49%, Break Even Point (BEP) : 33,7298%, Pay Out Time (POT) : 3 tahun. Dari hasil analisa aspek ekonomi dapat disimpulkan bahwa pabrik Pembuatan Biodiesel ini layak untuk didirikan.

scholarly journals ANALISIS PEMBIAYAAN INVESTASI PADA PEMBANGUNAN PERUMAHAN TAMAN KARANGBAHAGIA TAHAP 1 KABUPATEN BEKASI, JAWA BARAT

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Rossy Khairinisa ◽  
I Nyoman Dita Pahang Putra ◽  
Anna Rumintang
Keyword(s):  
Cash Flow ◽  
Return On Investment ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Present Value ◽  
Discounted Cash Flow ◽  
Internal Rate ◽  
Break Even Point

Pada perencanaan pembangunan sebuah proyek diperlukan suatu analisis finansial yang menandakan proses investasi proyek tersebut layak dilakukan. Salah satu aspek yang paling penting dalam proses investasi adalah komposisi pembiayaan. Pembiayaan dapat dibagi menjadi dua yaitu dari pinjaman (loan) dan modal sendiri (equity). Penelitian dilakukan pada proyek pembangunan Perumahan Taman Karangbahagia di Kabupaten Bekasi, Jawa Barat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui sensitivitas dari tiga komposisi pembiayaan yang berbeda. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode Discounted Cash Flow untuk menghitung project valuationnya. Kemudian kelayakan investasi diukur berdasarkan indikator NPV (Net Present Value), IRR (Internal Rate Return), BEP (Break Even Point) dan ROI (Return on Investment). Tiga komposisi pembiayaan yang akan diteliti sesitivitasnya adalah 70% loan : 30% equity. 30% loan : 70% equity dan 50% loan : 50% equity. Hasil analisis sensitivitas komposisi menunjukan bahwa pada komposisi 30% loan : 70% equity NPV mencapai angka positif sebesar Rp.17,485,230,641.00 dan IRR 38%. Sementara pada komposisi 70% loan : 30% equity NPV negatif dan IRR mencapai nilaisebesar Rp.9,126,201,503.00 dan 2%. Pada komposisi 50% loan : 50% equity yaitu NPV mencapai nilai negatif yaitu sebesar Rp.4,179,514,569.00 dan IRR 21%. BEP terjadi setelah satu tahun sepuluh bulan dan Return on Investment menghasilkan angka 16.71% dari komposisi 30% loan : 70% loan.    

scholarly journals Characterization of Palm Fatty Acid Distillate of Different Oil Processing Industries of Pakistan

2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (11) ◽  
pp. 897-901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Sattar Chang ◽  
Syed Tufail Hussain Sherazi ◽  
Aftab Ahmed Kandhro ◽  
Sarfaraz Ahmed Mahesar ◽  
Fouzia Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Oil Processing ◽  
Palm Fatty Acid Distillate ◽  
Fatty Acid Distillate

A Kinetic Study for the Noncatalytic Esterification of Palm Fatty Acid Distillate

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 489-500
Author(s):  
Seok Won Hong ◽  
Hyun Jun Cho ◽  
Jin-Kuk Kim ◽  
Faisal Ahmed ◽  
Yeong-Koo Yeo
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Kinetic Study ◽  
Palm Fatty Acid Distillate ◽  
Fatty Acid Distillate

Appraisal of Biodiesel Prepared Via Acid Catalysis from Palm Fatty Acid Distillate

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 2205-2210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim M. Lokman ◽  
Umer Rashid ◽  
Bryan R. Moser ◽  
Yun Hin Taufiq-Yap
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Catalysis ◽  
Palm Fatty Acid Distillate ◽  
Fatty Acid Distillate

scholarly journals Co-valorization of agro-industry by-products: effect of citrus oil on the quality of soap derived from palm fatty acid distillate and spent bleaching clay

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 571-575
Author(s):  
Teerasak Punvichai ◽  
Daniel Pioch
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Bleaching Clay ◽  
Microbial Count ◽  
Basic Solution ◽  
Soap Content ◽  
Palm Fatty Acid Distillate ◽  
Spent Bleaching Clay ◽  
By Products ◽  
Fatty Acid Distillate

This study deals with the co-valorization of spent bleaching clay (SBC) and palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD) –by-products of palm oil refining plants- through soap manufacture. Obtained SBC and PFAD samples show differing acidity and saponification values depending on fatty acids and acylglycerols content. Soaps are prepared using the stoichiometric amount of NaOH, under the varying proportion of water introduced through the basic solution. The mixing SBC and PFAD (ratio 1:3), the reaction completion (92.5%) is surprisingly higher than expected, indicating a synergistic effect on the course of the saponification reaction. The water is also a critical parameter, 30% w/w of added water allowing the highest yield. When testing for cleaning efficiency the products having the highest soap content, those from individual by-products give a low microbial count reduction after hand-washing (30-37%). But a much better score (74%) is obtained when using SBC:PFAD soap mixtures. This improvement could be due to abrasive and absorption effects of the clay, combined with the high soap content. The acceptability through a panel test is good for all soaps when formulated with citrus oil. The most active product corresponds to a SBC:PFAD ratio close to the production one in refining plants. Therefore these results provide an easy way for co-valorising these by-products, after further optimizing the saponification reaction in this complex triphasic medium (aqueous solution, oil, clay).

scholarly journals Studies on Minor Components in Palm Fatty Acid Distillate. I

1985 ◽  
Vol 34 (7) ◽  
pp. 551-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ab. GAPOR ◽  
Tsukasa KAWADA ◽  
Hisashi WATANABE ◽  
Tateo MURUI
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Minor Components ◽  
Palm Fatty Acid Distillate ◽  
Fatty Acid Distillate
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