scholarly journals Functional traits rather than abiotic factors determine the response of flowering phenology to biodiversity loss and nitrogen addition

Authorea ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Wang ◽  
Xiaona Li ◽  
Weiwei Zhang ◽  
Yujia Tang ◽  
Ruichsuang Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Traits ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Nitrogen Addition ◽  
Flowering Phenology

scholarly journals Flowering phenology shifts in response to biodiversity loss

2017 ◽  
Vol 114 (13) ◽  
pp. 3463-3468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amelia A. Wolf ◽  
Erika S. Zavaleta ◽  
Paul C. Selmants
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Flowering Phenology ◽  
Plant Phenology ◽  
Precipitation Regimes

Observational studies and experimental evidence agree that rising global temperatures have altered plant phenology—the timing of life events, such as flowering, germination, and leaf-out. Other large-scale global environmental changes, such as nitrogen deposition and altered precipitation regimes, have also been linked to changes in flowering times. Despite our increased understanding of how abiotic factors influence plant phenology, we know very little about how biotic interactions can affect flowering times, a significant knowledge gap given ongoing human-caused alteration of biodiversity and plant community structure at the global scale. We experimentally manipulated plant diversity in a California serpentine grassland and found that many plant species flowered earlier in response to reductions in diversity, with peak flowering date advancing an average of 0.6 days per species lost. These changes in phenology were mediated by the effects of plant diversity on soil surface temperature, available soil N, and soil moisture. Peak flowering dates were also more dispersed among species in high-diversity plots than expected based on monocultures. Our findings illustrate that shifts in plant species composition and diversity can alter the timing and distribution of flowering events, and that these changes to phenology are similar in magnitude to effects induced by climate change. Declining diversity could thus contribute to or exacerbate phenological changes attributed to rising global temperatures.

scholarly journals Temperature and Prey Species Richness Drive the Broad-Scale Distribution of a Generalist Predator

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 169
Author(s):  
Danai-Eleni Michailidou ◽  
Maria Lazarina ◽  
Stefanos P. Sgardelis
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Species Distribution ◽  
Prey Species ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Generalist Predator ◽  
Distributional Patterns ◽  
The Future ◽  
Grass Snake ◽  
Broad Scale

The ongoing climate change and the unprecedented rate of biodiversity loss render the need to accurately project future species distributional patterns more critical than ever. Mounting evidence suggests that not only abiotic factors, but also biotic interactions drive broad-scale distributional patterns. Here, we explored the effect of predator-prey interaction on the predator distribution, using as target species the widespread and generalist grass snake (Natrix natrix). We used ensemble Species Distribution Modeling (SDM) to build a model only with abiotic variables (abiotic model) and a biotic one including prey species richness. Then we projected the future grass snake distribution using a modest emission scenario assuming an unhindered and no dispersal scenario. The two models performed equally well, with temperature and prey species richness emerging as the top drivers of species distribution in the abiotic and biotic models, respectively. In the future, a severe range contraction is anticipated in the case of no dispersal, a likely possibility as reptiles are poor dispersers. If the species can disperse freely, an improbable scenario due to habitat loss and fragmentation, it will lose part of its contemporary distribution, but it will expand northwards.

Functional traits of poplar leaves and fine roots responses to ozone pollution under soil nitrogen addition

2022 ◽  
Vol 113 ◽  
pp. 118-131
Author(s):  
Pin Li ◽  
Rongbin Yin ◽  
Huimin Zhou ◽  
Sheng Xu ◽  
Zhaozhong Feng
Keyword(s):  
Functional Traits ◽  
Soil Nitrogen ◽  
Fine Roots ◽  
Nitrogen Addition ◽  
Ozone Pollution ◽  
Poplar Leaves

scholarly journals Are Reproductive Traits Related to Pollen Limitation in Plants? A Case Study from a Central European Meadow

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 640
Author(s):  
Michael Bartoš ◽  
Štěpán Janeček ◽  
Petra Janečková ◽  
Eliška Chmelová ◽  
Robert Tropek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Limitation ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Plant Reproduction ◽  
Landscape Fragmentation ◽  
Global Changes ◽  
A Site ◽  
Relationship Of

The deficiency of pollen grains for ovule fertilization can be the main factor limiting plant reproduction and fitness. Because of the ongoing global changes, such as biodiversity loss and landscape fragmentation, a better knowledge of the prevalence and predictability of pollen limitation is challenging within current ecological research. In our study we used pollen supplementation to evaluate pollen limitation (at the level of seed number and weight) in 22 plant species growing in a wet semi-natural meadow. We investigated the correlation between the pollen limitation index (PL) and floral traits associated with plant reproduction or pollinator foraging behavior. We recorded significant pollen limitation for approximately 41% of species (9 out of 22 surveyed). Seven species had a significant positive response in seed production and two species increased in seed weight after pollen supplementation. Considering traits, PL significantly decreased with the number of pollinator functional groups. The relationship of PL with other examined traits was not supported by our results. The causes of pollen limitation may vary among species with regard to (1) different reproductive strategies and life history, and/or (2) temporary changes in influence of biotic and abiotic factors at a site.

scholarly journals Flowering Phenology Shifts in Response to Functional Traits, Growth Form, and Phylogeny of Woody Species in a Desert Area

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Wang ◽  
Xiao-Dong Yang ◽  
Arshad Ali ◽  
Guang-Hui Lv ◽  
Yan-Xin Long ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Traits ◽  
Growth Form ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Flowering Phenology ◽  
Desert Area

Influence of climate, phylogeny, and functional traits on flowering phenology in a subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest, East China

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 601-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoli Hu ◽  
◽  
Chia-Hao Chang-Yang ◽  
Xiangcheng Mi ◽  
Yanjun Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Traits ◽  
Flowering Phenology ◽  
East China ◽  
Broad Leaved Forest ◽  
Leaved Forest

From a conceptual framework to an operational approach for managing grassland functional diversity to obtain targeted ecosystem services: Case studies from French mountains

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Duru ◽  
C. Jouany ◽  
X. Le Roux ◽  
M.L. Navas ◽  
P. Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Functional Traits ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Microbial Community Composition ◽  
Operational Approach ◽  
Functional Perspective ◽  
Functional Types

AbstractResearch to understand and manage ecosystems to supply services has recently spurred a functional view of their biodiversity. In particular, approaches based on functional traits rather than species diversity are increasingly used to reflect interactions between organisms and their environment. These approaches bring a functional perspective to the study of community structure responses to disturbances and resources, and of their effects on ecosystem functioning and services. From an academic perspective, we propose a conceptual framework based on species functional traits to better infer how grassland management practices (fertilization, defoliation regime) along with abiotic factors influence plant, animal and microbial community composition and a range of services in grassland ecosystems. The core of the framework relies on combinations of plant functional traits and associated microbial features that specifically respond to environmental and management factors and influence ecosystem services. To overcome stakeholders’ difficulty in applying the concept of functional traits, we propose an operational approach implying the mapping of plant communities distributed into five plant functional types (PFTs). The approach was used for fields in grassland-based livestock farms from two French grassland networks. We evaluated its ability to predict a range of services including forage provision and non-market services according to environmental and management drivers. PFT-based plant community composition predicted forage services reasonably well but responded weakly to environmental gradients. To cope with the observed limitations of current predictive approaches, we suggest including soil microbial functional types and adaptive management rather than using a prescriptive scheme.

scholarly journals Plant dominance in a subalpine montane meadow: biotic vs. abiotic controls of subordinate diversity within and across sites

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e5619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika LaPlante ◽  
Lara Souza
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Functional Traits ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Biotic Interactions ◽  
Removal Experiment ◽  
Plant Removal ◽  
Montane Meadow

Background Understanding the underlying factors that determine the relative abundance of plant species is critical to predict both biodiversity and ecosystem function. Biotic and abiotic factors can shape the distribution and the relative abundance of species across natural communities, greatly influencing local biodiversity. Methods Using a combination of an observational study and a five-year plant removal experiment we: (1) documented how plant diversity and composition of montane meadow assemblages vary along a plant dominance gradient using an observational study; (2) tracked above- and belowground functional traits of co-dominant plant species Potentilla and Festuca along a plant dominance gradient in an observational study; (3) determined whether plant species diversity and composition was directly influenced by commonly occurring species Potentilla and Festuca with the use of a randomized plot design, 5-year plant removal experiment (no removal control, Potentilla removed, Festuca removed, n = 10). Results We found that subordinate species diversity and compositional dissimilarity were greatest in Potentilla and Festuca co-dominated sites, where neither Potentilla nor Festuca dominated, rather than at sites where either species became dominant. Further, while above- and belowground plant functional traits varied along a dominance gradient, they did so in a way that inconsistently predicted plant species relative abundance. Also, neither variation in plant functional traits of Festuca and Potentilla nor variation in resources and conditions (such as soil nitrogen and temperature) explained our subordinate diversity patterns. Finally, neither Potentilla nor Festuca influenced subordinate diversity or composition when we directly tested for their impacts in a plant removal experiment. Discussion Taken together, patterns of subordinate diversity and composition were likely driven by abiotic factors rather than biotic interactions. As a result, the role of abiotic factors influencing local-level species interactions can be just as important as biotic interactions themselves in structuring plant communities.

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