scholarly journals Foliar nutrient-allocation patterns in Banksia attenuata and Banksia sessilis differing in growth rate and adaptation to low-phosphorus habitats

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongming Han ◽  
Jianmin Shi ◽  
Jiayin Pang ◽  
Li Yan ◽  
Patrick Finnegan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Nutrient Allocation ◽  
Low Phosphorus ◽  
Foliar Nutrient ◽  
Allocation Patterns ◽  
Banksia Attenuata

scholarly journals Foliar nutrient-allocation patterns in Banksia attenuata and Banksia sessilis differing in growth rate and adaptation to low-phosphorus habitats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongming Han ◽  
Jianmin Shi ◽  
Jiayin Pang ◽  
Li Yan ◽  
Patrick M Finnegan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
P Availability ◽  
P Fractions ◽  
Total N ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Soil P Availability ◽  
Allocation Patterns ◽  
Banksia Attenuata ◽  
Total P

Abstract Background and aims Phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) are essential nutrients that frequently limit primary productivity in terrestrial ecosystems. Efficient use of these nutrients is important for plants growing in nutrient-poor environments. Plants generally reduce foliar P concentration in response to low soil P availability. We aimed to assess ecophysiological mechanisms and adaptive strategies for efficient use of P in Banksia attenuata (Proteaceae), naturally occurring on deep sand, and B. sessilis, occurring on shallow sand over laterite or limestone, by comparing allocation of P among foliar P fractions. Methods We carried out pot experiments with slow-growing B. attenuata, which resprouts after fire, and faster-growing opportunistic B. sessilis, which is killed by fire, on substrates with different P availability using a randomised complete block design. We measured leaf P and N concentrations, photosynthesis, leaf mass per area, relative growth rate, and P allocated to major biochemical fractions in B. attenuata and B. sessilis. Key results The two species had similarly low foliar total P concentrations, but distinct patterns of P allocation to P-containing fractions. The foliar total N concentration of B. sessilis was greater than that of B. attenuata on all substrates. The foliar total P and N concentrations in both species decreased with decreasing P availability. The relative growth rate of both species was positively correlated with concentrations of both foliar nucleic acid P and total N, but there was no correlation with other P fractions. Faster-growing B. sessilis allocated more P to nucleic acids than B. attenuata did, but other fractions were similar. Conclusions The nutrient-allocation patterns in faster-growing opportunistic B. sessilis and slower-growing B. attenuata revealed different strategies in response to soil P availability which matched their contrasting growth strategy.

The contribution of lateral rooting to phosphorus acquisition efficiency in maize (Zea mays) seedlings

2004 ◽  
Vol 31 (10) ◽  
pp. 949 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinming Zhu ◽  
Jonathan P. Lynch
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Lateral Root ◽  
Root Respiration ◽  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Phosphorus Availability ◽  
Phosphorus Acquisition ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Phosphorus Stress ◽  
Low Phosphorus

Low soil phosphorus availability is a primary constraint for plant growth in many terrestrial ecosystems. Lateral root initiation and elongation may play an important role in the uptake of immobile nutrients, such as phosphorus, by increasing soil exploration and phosphorus solubilisation. The overall objective of this study was to assess the value of lateral rooting for phosphorus acquisition through assessment of the ‘benefit’ of lateral rooting for phosphorus uptake and the ‘cost’ of lateral roots in terms of root respiration and phosphorus investment at low and high phosphorus availability. Five recombinant inbred lines (RILs) of maize derived from a cross between B73 and Mo17 with contrasting lateral rooting were grown in sand culture in a controlled environment. Genotypes with enhanced or sustained lateral rooting at low phosphorus availability had greater phosphorus acquisition, biomass accumulation, and relative growth rate (RGR) than genotypes with reduced lateral rooting at low phosphorus availability. The association of lateral root development and plant biomass accumulation under phosphorus stress was not caused by allometry. Genotypes varied in the phosphorus investment required for lateral root elongation, owing to genetic differences in specific root length (SRL, which was correlated with root diameter) and phosphorus concentration of lateral roots. Lateral root extension required less biomass and phosphorus investment than the extension of other root types. Relative growth rate was negatively correlated with specific root respiration, supporting the hypothesis that root carbon costs are an important aspect of adaptation to low phosphorus availability. Two distinct cost–benefit analyses, one with phosphorus acquisition rate as a benefit and root respiration as a cost, the other with plant phosphorus accumulation as a benefit and phosphorus allocation to lateral roots as a cost, both showed that lateral rooting was advantageous under conditions of low phosphorus availability. Our data suggest that enhanced lateral rooting under phosphorus stress may be harnessed as a useful trait for the selection and breeding of more phosphorus-efficient maize genotypes.

Biomass and nutrient allocation patterns in Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus)

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (10) ◽  
pp. 2880-2887 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Swanton ◽  
P. B. Cavers
Keyword(s):  
Jerusalem Artichoke ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Lateral Spread ◽  
Nutrient Allocation ◽  
Helianthus Tuberosus ◽  
Allocation Pattern ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Allocation Patterns ◽  
Cultivated Populations

The partitioning of dry matter and nutrients into component plant parts was determined for a weedy population of Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.). The annual allocation pattern, studied over two growing seasons, was characterized by a relatively large distribution of energy to structural increases in height, leaf number, and lateral spread. Biomass and nutrient allocation to clonal growth (rhizomes and tubers) was much greater than to reproductive organs (flowers and seeds). Reproductive and clonal allocation of nutrients showed a different pattern than allocation of biomass. Plants severely defoliated by hail in 1984 redistributed available nutrients and generated new leaves. Although rhizome and tuber size and number were reduced after the hail storm, the overall strategy of Jerusalem artichoke appears to involve a constancy of nutrient allocation to clonal structures. In contrast with previous reports for cultivated populations of Jerusalem artichoke, we found that the leaves, not the stem, constituted the primary temporary sink for assimilates that were later distributed to developing rhizomes and tubers.

scholarly journals Biomass and nutrient allocation in Douglas-fir and amabilis fir seedlings: influence of growth rate and nutrition

1998 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 803-810 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. J. Hawkins ◽  
G. Henry ◽  
S. B. R. Kiiskila
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Nutrient Allocation

EFFECTS OF LOW CALCIUM AND LOW PHOSPHORUS DIETS ON THE DUODENAL ABSORPTION OF CALCIUM IN BETAMETHASONE-TREATED CHICKS

1978 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. FOX ◽  
A. D. CARE ◽  
J. BLAHOS
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Low Calcium ◽  
Low Phosphorus ◽  
Treatment Administration ◽  
Loop Technique ◽  
Normal Calcium ◽  
Daily Oral Administration

SUMMARY The effect of oral administration of betamethasone (25 μg kg−1 day−1) on the duodenal absorption of calcium has been studied in chicks using the ligated loop technique in vivo. The chicks were fed normal calcium, normal phosphorus (NCaNP), low calcium, normal phosphorus (LCaNP) or normal calcium, low phosphorus (NCaLP) diets. Daily oral administration of betamethasone for 2–3 weeks markedly reduced the absorption of calcium in chicks fed the NCaNP diet, but did not significantly affect the adaptation in absorption when the NCaLP or LCaNP diets were fed for the same period of time. In one group of chicks, betamethasone was administered daily for 10 days before the birds were transferred to the NCaLP or LCaNP diets. Adaptation was again unaffected by betamethasone treatment. Administration of betamethasone caused a marked retardation in growth-rate, hypercalcaemia and an increased percentage of ash in the tibiae.

scholarly journals 294 SINK ACTIVITY AND CARBOHYDRATE ALLOCATION PATTERNS WITHIN DEVELOPING APPLE FRUIT WITH AND WITHOUT FRUIT THINNING

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 472c-472
Author(s):  
Douglas D. Archbold
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Soluble Starch ◽  
Apple Fruit ◽  
Cultivar Differences ◽  
Storage Carbohydrate ◽  
Allocation Patterns ◽  
Total Dry Weight ◽  
Over Time ◽  
June Drop

Over 4 years, using estimates of fruit dry weight derived from diameter measurements in situ, cultivar variation in apple fruit relative growth rate (RGR) in the period following June drop was evident. These differences diminished as the season progressed however. Using estimates of dry weight per cell, fruit cell absolute growth rate increased over time and RGR showed no clear pattern in contrast to the RGR of whole fruit. There were no cultivar differences in carbohydrate allocation among the soluble, starch, and remaining ethanol-insoluble, non-hydrolyzable pools irrespective of cultivar RGR. The storage carbohydrate pool comprised an increasing fraction of the total dry weight over time with the starch pool comprising 10 to 25% of the storage carbohydrate, varying with season and cultivar. Neither fruit competition within a cluster nor post-June drop thinning altered fruit RGR or carbohydrate allocation patterns when compared to fruit thinned post-bloom.

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