Foliar nutrient-allocation patterns in Banksia attenuata and Banksia sessilis differing in growth rate and adaptation to low-phosphorus habitats

Abstract Background and aims Phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) are essential nutrients that frequently limit primary productivity in terrestrial ecosystems. Efficient use of these nutrients is important for plants growing in nutrient-poor environments. Plants generally reduce foliar P concentration in response to low soil P availability. We aimed to assess ecophysiological mechanisms and adaptive strategies for efficient use of P in Banksia attenuata (Proteaceae), naturally occurring on deep sand, and B. sessilis, occurring on shallow sand over laterite or limestone, by comparing allocation of P among foliar P fractions. Methods We carried out pot experiments with slow-growing B. attenuata, which resprouts after fire, and faster-growing opportunistic B. sessilis, which is killed by fire, on substrates with different P availability using a randomised complete block design. We measured leaf P and N concentrations, photosynthesis, leaf mass per area, relative growth rate, and P allocated to major biochemical fractions in B. attenuata and B. sessilis. Key results The two species had similarly low foliar total P concentrations, but distinct patterns of P allocation to P-containing fractions. The foliar total N concentration of B. sessilis was greater than that of B. attenuata on all substrates. The foliar total P and N concentrations in both species decreased with decreasing P availability. The relative growth rate of both species was positively correlated with concentrations of both foliar nucleic acid P and total N, but there was no correlation with other P fractions. Faster-growing B. sessilis allocated more P to nucleic acids than B. attenuata did, but other fractions were similar. Conclusions The nutrient-allocation patterns in faster-growing opportunistic B. sessilis and slower-growing B. attenuata revealed different strategies in response to soil P availability which matched their contrasting growth strategy.

Download Full-text

Elevated [CO2] concentration and nitrogen addition affects responses of foliar phosphorus fractions in invasive species to increased phosphorus supply

10.1101/2021.01.03.425118 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Lingling Zhang ◽

Xianzhen Luo ◽

Hans Lambers ◽

Guihua Zhang ◽

Nan Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Invasive Species ◽

Nucleic Acid ◽

P Availability ◽

N Addition ◽

P Fractions ◽

Total N ◽

Soil P ◽

Soil P Availability ◽

Foliar Phosphorus ◽

P Addition

AbstractNo studies have explored how the invasive species of Mikania micranatha and Chromolaena odoratan adjust leaf phosphorus (P) among inorganic P (Pi) and organic P fractions to adapt the low soil P availability, especially under elevated CO2 concentrations ([CO2]) and nitrogen (N) deposition. Here, we address this by measuring foliar total N and P concentrations as well as functional P fractions (i.e. Pi, metabolic P, lipid P, nucleic acids P, and residual P) of both invasive species and a native species (Paederia. scandens) growing under different P supplies, N, and N+P addition under both ambient and elevated [CO2]. Phosphorus addition greatly increased plant biomass and foliar P concentrations but did not significantly affect foliar N concentration and leaf mass per unit leaf area (LMA). In response to P addition, the concentration of metabolic P increased the most, followed by that of nucleic acid P, Pi, and lipid P, in all species by an average of 754%, 82%, 53%, and 38%, respectively. However, elevated [CO2] and N addition weakened this positive effect on concentrations of foliar P fractions in the invasive species. Our results indicate that elevated [CO2] and N addition allowed the invasive species to acclimate to a low soil P availability, supporting their successful invasion, through greatly reducing P allocation to non-metabolic foliar P fractions (phospholipids and nucleic acid P) to meet their demand for metabolic P and Pi for photosynthesis, rather than altering LMA.

Download Full-text

Soil phosphorus fractionation after co-applying biochar and paper mill biosolids

Canadian Journal of Soil Science ◽

10.1139/cjss-2020-0098 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Noura Ziadi ◽

Xiangru Zhang ◽

Bernard Gagnon ◽

Eric Manirakiza

Keyword(s):

Sandy Loam ◽

Paper Mill ◽

Phosphorus Fractionation ◽

Stable Form ◽

P Availability ◽

P Fractions ◽

Soil P ◽

Soil P Fractions ◽

Soil P Availability ◽

Incubation Study

In recent decades, there has been a growing interest in the recycling of organic materials such as paper mill biosolids (PB) and biochar for use as soil amendments. However, the benefits of co-application of PB and biochar and its effects on soil P availability remain unknown. An incubation study was conducted on two acidic soils to assess the effect of two PB types (2.5% w/w) co-applied with three rates (0%, 2.5%, and 5% w/w) of pine (Pinus strobus L.) biochar on soil P fractions. An unfertilized control and a mineral NP fertilizer were used as a reference. Soil P fractions were determined by Hedley procedure after 2 and 16 weeks of incubation. Material fractionation indicated that the PB containing the highest total P and the lowest Al content had the highest proportion of labile P, whereas most P in the biochar was in a stable form. The incubation study revealed that the P-rich PB increased P availability in both soils to a level comparable to mineral fertilizer at the end of the incubation. The addition of biochar to PB, however, did not affect soil P availability, but the highest rate induced a conversion of P fixed to Al and Fe oxides towards recalcitrant forms, particularly in the sandy loam soil. We conclude that co-applying biochar and PB could be more beneficial than application biochar alone and soils amended with such a mixture would be expected to release part of their P slowly over a longer period of time.

Download Full-text

Soil P availability, inorganic P fractions and yield effect in a calcareous soil with plastic-film-mulched spring wheat

Field Crops Research ◽

10.1016/j.fcr.2012.08.014 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 137 ◽

pp. 221-229 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Bin Hu ◽

Yu Jia ◽

Zhi-hong Zhao ◽

Feng-min Li ◽

Kadambot H.M. Siddique

Keyword(s):

Spring Wheat ◽

Calcareous Soil ◽

P Availability ◽

Plastic Film ◽

P Fractions ◽

Inorganic P ◽

Soil P ◽

Soil P Availability ◽

Inorganic P Fractions

Download Full-text

Global patterns and drivers of soil total phosphorus concentration

Earth System Science Data ◽

10.5194/essd-13-5831-2021 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (12) ◽

pp. 5831-5846

Author(s):

Xianjin He ◽

Laurent Augusto ◽

Daniel S. Goll ◽

Bruno Ringeval ◽

Yingping Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Parent Material ◽

Phosphorus Concentration ◽

Mean Annual Temperature ◽

P Availability ◽

Soil P ◽

Soil P Availability ◽

P Concentration ◽

Organic Carbon Concentration ◽

Global Patterns ◽

Total P

Abstract. Soil represents the largest phosphorus (P) stock in terrestrial ecosystems. Determining the amount of soil P is a critical first step in identifying sites where ecosystem functioning is potentially limited by soil P availability. However, global patterns and predictors of soil total P concentration remain poorly understood. To address this knowledge gap, we constructed a database of total P concentration of 5275 globally distributed (semi-)natural soils from 761 published studies. We quantified the relative importance of 13 soil-forming variables in predicting soil total P concentration and then made further predictions at the global scale using a random forest approach. Soil total P concentration varied significantly among parent material types, soil orders, biomes, and continents and ranged widely from 1.4 to 9630.0 (median 430.0 and mean 570.0) mg kg−1 across the globe. About two-thirds (65 %) of the global variation was accounted for by the 13 variables that we selected, among which soil organic carbon concentration, parent material, mean annual temperature, and soil sand content were the most important ones. While predicted soil total P concentrations increased significantly with latitude, they varied largely among regions with similar latitudes due to regional differences in parent material, topography, and/or climate conditions. Soil P stocks (excluding Antarctica) were estimated to be 26.8 ± 3.1 (mean ± standard deviation) Pg and 62.2 ± 8.9 Pg (1 Pg = 1 × 1015 g) in the topsoil (0–30 cm) and subsoil (30–100 cm), respectively. Our global map of soil total P concentration as well as the underlying drivers of soil total P concentration can be used to constraint Earth system models that represent the P cycle and to inform quantification of global soil P availability. Raw datasets and global maps generated in this study are available at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.14583375 (He et al., 2021).

Download Full-text

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN P FRACTIONS, SOIL P AVAILABILITY AND GROWTH PARAMETERS OF APPLE FERTILIZED WITH WATER SOLUBLE AND INSOLUBLE SOURCES OF PHOSPHORUS

Acta Horticulturae ◽

10.17660/actahortic.2005.696.36 ◽

2005 ◽

pp. 211-217 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

S.K. Bhardwaj ◽

A.R. Bhandari ◽

D. Tripathi

Keyword(s):

Growth Parameters ◽

Water Soluble ◽

P Availability ◽

P Fractions ◽

Soil P ◽

Soil P Availability

Download Full-text

Effects of Chicken Farming on Soil Phosphorus Availability and Associated Microbial Properties in Lei Bamboo (Phyllostachys praecox) Forest Ecosystems

10.21203/rs.3.rs-148399/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Xu Gai ◽

Shaocui Li ◽

Xiaoping Zhang ◽

Fangyuan Bian ◽

Chuanbao Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Community ◽

P Availability ◽

Bamboo Forest ◽

Total N ◽

Soil P ◽

P Accumulation ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Labile P ◽

Phyllostachys Praecox ◽

Total P

Abstract Background: Bamboo-chicken farming (BCF) is a popular bamboo complex management model in Southeast Asia owing to its high economic benefits. However, the effects of BCF on phosphorus (P) availability and the associated microbial communities in soil remain poorly understood. In this study, we compared the soil properties, P fractions, phosphatase activities, and bacterial community compositions in the surface soil (0–20 cm) of a typical bamboo (Phyllostachys praecox)-chicken farming system under different grazing densities (represented as distances of 5, 15, 25, and 35 m from the henhouse, respectively). The variables were also compared with the soil measurements from an adjacent pure bamboo forest without chicken framing (control site).Results: We observed a significant increase in soil pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), total N (TN), total P (TP), and available potassium (AK) with increasing grazing density, while soil organic carbon (SOC) showed no significant difference between the sites. The total P accumulation of the soil was also more rapid than that of SOC and TN with increasing grazing density. Labile P and moderately labile P dominated the soil P accumulation under BCF. In particular, Resin-Pi (labile P), NaHCO3-Pi (labile P), and 1 M HCl-Pi (moderately labile P) increased by 100–233%, 83–183% and 414–1314%, respectively, compared with the control values. In contrast, the contribution of labile or moderately labile organic phosphorus to the total phosphorus (Pt) content decreased significantly with increasing grazing density from 38.54% (control) to 17.65% (5-m site). Phosphatase activity also increased with increasing grazing density, which suggests that BCF effectively promoted the mineralization of soil Po. A redundancy analysis showed that the changes in bacterial community structure were closely related to Resin-Pi and 1 M HCl-Pi (r2 = 0.938 and 0.958, respectively). The relative abundances of the phosphobacteria Flavobacterium, Pseudomonas, Streptomyces, and Arthobacter increased with increasing grazing density, while the abundance of Burkholderia decreased at the 5-m site. Inorganic P (Resin-Pi, NaHCO3-Pi, and 1 M HCl-Pi) was positively correlated with the abundances of Flavobacterium, Pseudomonas, and Arthrobacter but negatively correlated with the abundance of Burkholderia; this highlights the different functional bacteria involved in P cycling. Conclusions: We conclude that BCF generally increases soil P availability and supply, and the changes in the P forms were closely related to the changes in soil bacterial community composition. However, excessive grazing density or long-term BCF practices can cause soil nutrient imbalance, labile and moderately labile P accumulation, and P leaching. Therefore, appropriate grazing densities and/or an interval of no grazing are required under the BCF model for effective and sustainable bamboo forest management.

Download Full-text

Improved Plant Diversity as a Strategy to Increase Available Soil Phosphorus

10.24047/bc103143 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 103 (1) ◽

pp. 43-45 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Carlos Crusciol ◽

João Rigon ◽

Juliano Calonego ◽

Rogério Soratto

Keyword(s):

Crop Yields ◽

Soil Phosphorus ◽

Cropping System ◽

P Availability ◽

P Fractions ◽

Crop Species ◽

Soil P ◽

Residue Decomposition ◽

Available Soil Phosphorus ◽

Crop Residue Decomposition

Some crop species could be used inside a cropping system as part of a strategy to increase soil P availability due to their capacity to recycle P and shift the equilibrium between soil P fractions to benefit the main crop. The release of P by crop residue decomposition, and mobilization and uptake of otherwise recalcitrant P are important mechanisms capable of increasing P availability and crop yields.

Download Full-text