scholarly journals A rare and forgotten cause of aortic aneurysm: tertiary syphilis

Author(s):  
Carmen Quiñonez ◽  
Nathalia Buitrago-Gómez ◽  
Jose Oñate ◽  
Raul Castillo ◽  
Carlos Devia ◽  
...  

Cardiovascular syphilis occurs 15 to 30 years after infection. Syphilitic aortitis is the most common manifestation and typically involves the ascending aorta. Aneurysm formation is the least common complication of aortitis; the majority of aneurysms are single and usually saccular. We report the images of a 51-year-old man with a history of chest pain that began one month before. An aneurysm of the ascending aorta was documented. The nontreponemal and treponemal tests were reactive. Other venereal diseases, as well as neurological involvement, were discarded. The patient received treatment for non-neurologic tertiary syphilis and surgical repair by the Bentall procedure with re-implantation of the coronary arteries. Pathology showed the aortic arterial layer displaying myxoid changes in the tunica intima, as well as inflammatory infiltrate. The vasa vasorum demonstrates inflammatory infiltration with lymphocytes and plasma cells. The previous findings support the diagnosis of syphilitic aortitis. The patient’s evolution was satisfactory with no current cardiovascular symptoms.

2013 ◽  
Vol 02 (02) ◽  
pp. 089-092
Author(s):  
K C Jyothi ◽  
Shetty Shailaja ◽  
K C Mahadeva ◽  
M Kapil Dev

AbstractHeart and its great vessels are involved in tertiary syphilis in the form of syphilitic aortitis often 20 years or more after primary infection is contracted. In a 60 year old male cadaver, we found an enlarged heart with aneurysm of ascending aorta and semilunar septa was found protruding in to the lumen of arch of aorta distal to the origin of left subclavian artery. Right pulmonary vessels were dilated. Right and left atrial cavity were dilated, left ventricular hypertrophy with dilatation was noted. Hispathological findings of the specimens were suggestive of syphilitic aortitis. Cardiovascular syphilis though uncommon is still a significant cause of mortality and morbidity, which can be reduced by adequate screening, accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.


2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
S. Yu. Boldyrev ◽  
O. A. Rossokha ◽  
K. O. Barbukhatti ◽  
V. A, Porkhanov

<p><strong>Aim:</strong> This study was designed to evaluate the results of using a new method of aortic valve reimplantation named Kuban Cuff technique, where the key stage of surgery was to create new sinuses of Valsalva.<br /><strong>Methods:</strong> Analyzed over a period from 2011 to 2015 were the outcomes of treatment of 45 (37 males) patients with various anatomy of the aortic valve (tri/bicuspid ones) and initial pathologies: aneurysms of the root and the ascending aorta, dissection of the ascending aorta, insufficiency of the aortic valve. A detailed description of the surgical technique and the unique device to prepare a vascular graft for reimplantation is given. The mean age of patients was 56.5 years (46.5; 66.5), the average time of cardiopulmonary bypass was 193.6 min (128.9; 258.2), the aorta cross-clamping time was 142.6 min (104.5; 180.7), the circulatory arrest time was 28.1 min (13.1; 43.1).<br /><strong>Results:</strong> Hospital mortality was 2 (4.4%) patients. 3 (6.6%) patients underwent re-sternotomy because of postoperative bleeding. One patient had to undergo a redo (Bentall procedure) at 2 months after discharge from the hospital as a result of acute infective endocarditis of the aortic valve. All patients demonstrated a good function of the aortic valve with regurgitation of 0/1 grade. Prior to discharge, the aortic regurgitation grade was decreased from 2.83±0.44 before surgery to 0.62±0.7 after surgery. The mean follow-up time in 42 patients (93.3%) was 12.3 months (2.68; 21.98).<br /><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The Kuban Cuff technique fully recreates a close analogue of the natural aortic root, stabilizes the fibrous annulus of the aortic valve, minimizes the risk of bleeding from the anastomosis zone. The technique is simple and reproducible with any type of vascular prostheses and does not take much time.</p>


2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. E401-E404
Author(s):  
Ovidiu Stiru ◽  
Roxana Carmen Geana ◽  
Liana Valeanu ◽  
Diana Sorostinean ◽  
Mihai Goicea ◽  
...  

Since the discovery of penicillin, the incidence of tertiary syphilis dramatically has decreased. However, cases of cardiovascular complications of syphilis still are present. Ascending aortic aneurysms are some of the most devastating complications. Nonetheless, syphilitic aortitis (SA) can appear and should be suspected in patients with syphilis and aortic aneurysm. We report a case of a 57-year-old patient with a large ascending aortic aneurysm with cartilage and rib erosion. The purpose of this article is to discuss the particular surgical aspects of this unusual case.


2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 120 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. I. Kaleda ◽  
S. Yu. Boldyrev ◽  
K. O. Barbukhatti

<p>Bentall procedure, first performed 50 years ago, holds a special place in the history of aortic surgery. Up to now this procedure has been widely used in cardiac surgery and remains the golden standard in managing the ascending aorta and aortic valve diseases. This paper looks at Professor Hugh Bentall’s biography, the Russian translation of his original paper published in 1968 and also a short history of ascending aorta surgery.</p><p><strong>Conflict of interest:</strong> The authors declare no conflict of interest.<br /><strong>Acknowledgement:</strong> The authors appreciate Professor S.P. Gliantsev’s critical comments and valuable advice in discussions about the paper.</p>


2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Ovsenik ◽  
T Klokocovnik ◽  
M Cercek ◽  
S Frljak ◽  
M Bervar

Abstract Introduction Echocardiography is the primary imaging modality in prosthetic valve endocarditis (PVE). It is characterised by a lower incidence of vegetations and a higher incidence of perivalvular complications, including valve dehiscence and must be suspected in case of a new periprosthetic regurgitation, even without vegetation or abscess. Multimodality approach is mandatory to detect penetration of the process into the valve ring, aortic root or ascending aorta for complete operative preparation. Case presentation A 22-year old male, with history of Bio-Bentall procedure due to Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus) infective endocarditis on the mechanical aortic valve (AV) two years priorly, presented to the emergency department with sudden dyspnea without fever. He was treated for pneumonia due to increased inflammatory parameters and bilateral pulmonary infiltrates on X-Ray. Due to complete regression of infiltrates over the night, transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) was performed, revealing almost complete dehiscence of the AV graft with most of the antegrade and retrograde flow through the pseudoaneurismatic sac, communicating with the ascending aorta at the distal graft dehiscence, no clear vegetation was seen. With clearly visible valve and supravalvular pathology of the AV on TTE, we proceeded to computed tomography angiography (CTA) of the thoracic aorta, which showed dissection and delineated rupture of Bio-Bentall graft. The pseudoaneurismatic sac surrounding bulbar portion of Bentall graft, communicating with the left outflow tract and sinus Valsave was seen, compressing ostial portion of the left main and right coronary artery. Re-Bio-Bentall procedure and venous grafting of the left anterior descendant and right coronary artery were performed. Intraoperative transthoracic transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) confirmed the findings, already provided by TTE and CTA. Hemocultures as well as sonication of the removed graft remained negative for bacteria. Postoperatively, left ventricular failure developed, requiring VA ECMO. On postoperative CTA, changes were consistent with usual postprocedural changes. After prolonged rehabilitation, the patient was released home, clinically stable, but with severely reduced ejection fraction of the left ventricle, severe diastolic dysfunction and mild mitral regurgitation. Conclusion TTE is a very useful, non-invasive imaging method in diagnosing PVE and its complications, which can be upgraded with TEE or CTA to provide additional information on the ascending aorta. In a patient, with the past history of repetitive S. aureus infective endocarditis, presenting with Bio-Bental dehiscence, PVE cannot be excluded completely. Even though the timing for follow-up imaging is not well defined in current guidelines, patients with dehiscence of prosthetic valve or graft present a high risk group, demanding individual follow-up planning and lower threshold for imaging referral. Abstract P639 Figure. Dehiscence of aortic valve graft


2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 34-38
Author(s):  
K. N. Krupin ◽  
G. V. Nedugov

This report presents a case postmortem diagnosis of the syphilitic aortitis оf a 26-year-old man associated with an aneurysm of ascending aorta complicated with dissection, rupture of the aneurism and cardiac tamponade. Authors conclude about the need to include syphilis into the list of the differential diagnosis of any lymphoplasmocytic aortitis and of any ascending aorta aneurysm.


2005 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
B. Meuris ◽  
W. Daenen ◽  
W. Flameng

We report a case of a 56-year old man presenting with dehiscence of a valved conduit in the ascending aorta following low-velocity blunt thoracic trauma. The patient had a history of a Bentall procedure in 1994. Two weeks before referral to our hospital, the patient fell during a bicycle ride and hit the handlebars of the bicycle with his chest. During the days following the accident, the patient developed progressively worsening fatigue, shortness of breath, and intolerance for even minor physical effort. The presence of an enlarged ascending aorta surrounding the implanted valved graft was confirmed, and the patient was referred to our department for surgical repair, after which the patient had an uneventful recovery and was discharged home on postoperative day 12.


Author(s):  
Vasy Lazoryshynets ◽  
Anatolii Rudenko ◽  
Vitalii Kravchenko ◽  
Olena Larionova ◽  
Ivan Kravchenko ◽  
...  

Ascending aorta aneurysm and aortic arch aneurysm surgery remain some of the most complex problems that cardiovascular surgeons face. It stems from the need for the correction of the underlying pathology while simultaneously adequately protecting the brain and visceral arteries. Purpose. The aim of our study was to determine the incidence of post-surgical complications and the immediate post-surgical results of surgical treatment of ascending aorta aneurysms and/or aortic arch aneurysms. Materials and methods. During the twelve-year period of 1994– 2016, we have surgically operated on a total of 317 patients aneurysms of the ascending aorta and/or the aortic arch. The method we employed to diagnose the aneurysms consisted of evaluating the patients’ medical history, transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiographies, computer tomographies, X-ray examinations, and aortographies. All of the 317 surgeries were performed on the patients under general anaesthesia, and the incision via the the median sternotomy, employing the use of a heart-lung machine. Valve sparing technique with aortic valve resuspension / valvuloplasty and hemiarch/arch replacement – 221/6 patients (69.7 %). Bentall procedure with hemiarch/arch replacement – 67/4 (21.1 %). Other surgeries – 29 (9.2 % of patients). Results and discussion. The history of aortic aneurysm development is briefly mentioned in the paper. The diagnostic methods presented are currently the primary method of computer tomography. The initial condition of the patients was serious enough. All surgeries were performed through a median sternotomy and with the use of heart-lung machine. For surgical treatment of aneurysms the following techniques were used: напівдуги/дуги – у 221/6 (69,7 %) хворих. У цій групі 7 операцій Yacoub, 3 операції David. У 7 пацієнтів виконана плікація однієї зі стулок при пролапсі аортального клапана. Укріплення вільного краю стулки виконано в 3 хворих, пластика латкою фенестрацій стулки аортального клапана – у 4; 2) операція Bentall з протезуванням напівдуги/дуги – у 67/4 (21,1 %); 3) інші – ізольоване протезування дуги – у 14 (4,4 %); операція Wheat + протезування дуги – у 6 (1,9%); пластика дуги аорти – у 4 (1,3 %); гібридні операції Elephant trunk (conventional Elephant trunk) + TEVAR – у 5 (1,6 %). Захист головного мозку виконувався по-різному на кожному із трьох етапів хірургічного досвіду. Найкращий результат досягнутий на 3 етапі: з 229 прооперованих померли 9 хворих (3,9 %). Також у лікуванні використано сучасний ендоваскулярний метод – гібридні операції Elephant trunk + TEVAR – у 5 (1,6 %) з хорошим безпосереднім результатом. Висновки. 1. При розшаруванні аорти типу А (І тип за De Bakey) операцією вибору є супракоронарне протезування з півдугою (дугою) аорти. 2. Накопичення хірургічного досвіду, вишкіл команди, удосконалення методик захисту головного мозку й вісцеральних органів – дозволили знизити кількість післяопераційних ускладнень з 64 % до 8,7 % і госпітальну летальність з 28 % до 3,9 %. Ключові слова: аневризма дуги, розшарувальна аневризма, глибока гіпотермія, ретроградна церебральна перфузія. Для цитування: Кравченко ВІ, Кравченко ІМ, Третяк ОА, Ларіонова ОБ, Осадовська ІА, Жеков ІІ, Руденко АВ, Лазоришинець ВВ. Аневризми висхідного відділу та дуги аорти: діагностика, методи і результати хірургічного лікування. Журнал Національної академії медичних наук України. 2019;25(4):409–14.


2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
I Mamarelis ◽  
V Mamareli ◽  
M Kyriakidou ◽  
O Tanis ◽  
C Mamareli ◽  
...  

Abstract Background The atherosclerotic ascending aorta could represent a potential source of emboli or could be an indicator of atherosclerosis in general with high mortality. The mechanism of aneurysm formation and atherosclerosis of the ascending aorta at the molecular level has not yet been clarified. To approach the mechanism of ascending aortic lesions and mineralization at a molecular level, we used the non-destructive FT-IR, Raman spectroscopy, SEM and Hypermicroscope. Methods Six ascending aorta biopsies were obtained from patients who underwent aortic valve replacement (AVR) cardiac surgery. CytoViva (einst inc) hyperspectral microscope was used to obtain the images of ascending aorta. The samples were dissolved in hexane on a microscope glass plate. The FT-IR and Raman spectra were recorded with Nicolet 6700 thermoshintific and micro-Raman Reinshaw (785nm, 145 mwatt), respectively. The architecture of ascending aorta biopsies was obtained by using scanning electron microscope (SEM of Fei Co) without any coating. Results FT-IR and Raman spectra showed changes arising from the increasing of lipophilic environment and aggregate formation (Fig. 1). The band at 1744 cm–1 is attributed to aldehyde CHO mode due to oxidation of lipids. The shifts of the bands of the amide I and amide II bands to lower are associated with protein damage, in agreement with SEM data. The bands at about 1170–1000 cm–1 resulted from the C-O-C of advanced glycation products as result of connecting tissues fragmentations and polymerization. The spectroscopic data were analogous with the lesions observed with SEM and hypermicroscopic images. Conclusions The present innovate molecular structure analysis showed that upon ascending aorta aneurysm development an excess of lipophilic aggregate formation and protein lesions, changing the elasticity of the aorta's wall. The released Ca2+ interacted mostly with carbonate-terminal of cellular protein chains accelerated the ascending aorta calcifications. Figure 1. FT-IR and Raman spectra Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None


2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Winkler ◽  
Emanuel Zitt ◽  
Hannelore Sprenger-Mähr ◽  
Afschin Soleiman ◽  
Manfred Cejna ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Anti-glomerular basement membrane disease (GBM) disease is a rare autoimmune disease causing rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis and pulmonary haemorrhage. Recently, an association between COVID-19 and anti-glomerular basement membrane (anti-GBM) disease has been proposed. We report on a patient with recurrence of anti-GBM disease after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Case presentation The 31-year-old woman had a past medical history of anti-GBM disease, first diagnosed 11 years ago, and a first relapse 5 years ago. She was admitted with severe dyspnoea, haemoptysis, pulmonary infiltrates and acute on chronic kidney injury. A SARS-CoV-2 PCR was positive with a high cycle threshold. Anti-GBM autoantibodies were undetectable. A kidney biopsy revealed necrotising crescentic glomerulonephritis with linear deposits of IgG, IgM and C3 along the glomerular basement membrane, confirming a recurrence of anti-GBM disease. She was treated with steroids, plasma exchange and two doses of rituximab. Pulmonary disease resolved, but the patient remained dialysis-dependent. We propose that pulmonary involvement of COVID-19 caused exposure of alveolar basement membranes leading to the production of high avidity autoantibodies by long-lived plasma cells, resulting in severe pulmonary renal syndrome. Conclusion Our case supports the assumption of a possible association between COVID-19 and anti-GBM disease.


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