scholarly journals Use of Dolomite Catalyst in Biodiesel Production via Transesterification of Waste Cooking in Oscillatory Baffled Reactor

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mudher Ali ◽  
Saba Gheni ◽  
DHIA AQAR ◽  
Safaa Ahmed ◽  
Ghassan Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Good Thermal Stability ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Continuous Transesterification ◽  
Cooking Oils ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Major Impediment ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

Biodiesel has lately gained popularity due to its environmental issues and the fact that it is generated from renewable resources. However, the cost of synthesis of biodiesel is the major impediment toward commercialization. The utilization of leftover cooking oils as raw material, the adaptation of a continuous transesterification process, and the use of cheap catalysts are the major possibilities for investigation the cost of biodiesel. In this work, a dolomite catalyst was prepared from natural dolomite rocks and used for the evaluation of continuous transesterification of biodiesel from waste cooking oil (WCO). The dolomite catalyst was prepared by activation under vacuum at a surface area of 34.5 m2/g. The characterization tests showed good thermal stability of the catalyst and evolution of the CaO and MgO compounds at high concentrations. A kinetic study was conducted to obtain kinetic parameters of catalytic transesterification of the WCO.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Shell-Derived Calcium Oxide Catalysts for the Production of Biodiesel Esters from Cooking Oils

2021 ◽  
pp. 20-27
Author(s):  
Ngee Sing Chong ◽  
Francis Uchenna Okejiri ◽  
Saidi Abdulramoni ◽  
Shruthi Perna ◽  
Beng Guat Ooi
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Oxide ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Biodiesel Synthesis ◽  
Cooking Oils ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Percentage Conversion

Due to the high cost of feedstock and catalyst in biodiesel production, the viability of the biodiesel industry has been dependent on government subsidies or tax incentives. In order to reduce the cost of production, food wastes including eggshells and oyster shells have been used to prepare calcium oxide (CaO) catalysts for the transesterification reaction of biodiesel synthesis. The shells were calcined at 1000 °C for 4 hours to obtain CaO powders which were investigated as catalysts for the transesterification of waste cooking oil. The catalysts were characterized by Fourier Transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy. Reaction parameters such as methanol-to-oil molar ratio, CaO catalyst concentration, and reaction time were evaluated and optimized for the percentage conversion of cooking oil to biodiesel esters. The oyster-based CaO showed better catalytic activity when compared to the eggshell-based CaO under the same set of reaction conditions.

scholarly journals Biodiesel Production from Waste Cooking Oil

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
pp. 448-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinoth E
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Plant Resources ◽  
Waste Cooking Oils ◽  
New Energy ◽  
General Aspects ◽  
Cooking Oils ◽  
The Cost ◽  
No Emissions

Biodiesel is receiving increased attention as an alternative, non-toxic, biodegradable and renewable diesel fuel and contributes a minimum amount of net greenhouse gases, such as CO2, SO2 and NO emissions to the atmosphere. Exploring new energy resources, such as biofuel is of growing importance in recent years. The possibility of obtaining oil from plant resources has created a great importance in several countries. Vegetable oil after esterification being used as bio diesel, Considering the cost and demand of the edible oil is bearable, so it may be preferred for the preparation of bio diesel in India.  The transesterification of waste cooking oils with methanol as well as the main uses of the fatty acid methyl esters are reviewed. The general aspects of this process and the applicability of different types of catalysts (acids, alkaline metal hydroxides, alkoxides and carbonates, enzymes and non-ionic bases, such as amines, amides, and guanidine and triamino (imino) phosphoranes) are described. Transesterification is carried in a reaction cavity, once the reaction is complete, glycerine and biodiesel are gravity separated.   

scholarly journals Feasibility Evaluation of a Biodiesel Plant fed by Recycled Edible Oils Comparing two Alternative Production Technologies

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 1019-1028 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Edible Oils ◽  
Production Method ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Feasibility Evaluation ◽  
Industrial Unit ◽  
Production Technologies ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Cooking Oils

<div> <p>The present work is about the techno-economic evaluation of a biodiesel industrial unit that exclusively use recycled edible oils as feedstock, for two alternative production technologies. Nowadays, many biodiesel production units use a mixture of virgin vegetable oils and waste cooking oils. The examined unit will use only waste cooking oil as raw material. Thus, two different methods for biodiesel production are assessed on a financial basis for different biodiesel prices. The investigated methods are the alkaline transesterification (a very common biodiesel production method) and the supercritical transesterification (a method with non sensitivity in moisture and free fatty acids and thus not requiring a pre-treatment stage). According to the financial evaluation, the acceptance of the project for each technology is strongly affected by biodiesel&rsquo;s price. The results showed that the alkaline transesterification based project is accepted for the whole examined prices&rsquo; range while for supercritical transesterification, the project is accepted for biodiesel prices of about 0.75-0.85 &euro;/L.&nbsp;</p> </div> <p>&nbsp;</p>

scholarly journals Process optimization for biodiesel production from neutralized waste cooking oil and the effect of this biodiesel on engine performance

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanzer Eryilmaz
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Phase Reaction ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Cooking Oils

In this study, the methyl ester production process from neutralized waste cooking oils is optimized by using alkali-catalyzed (KOH) single-phase reaction. The optimization process is performed depending on the parameters, such as catalyst concentration, methanol/oil ratio, reaction temperature and reaction time. The optimum methyl ester conversion efficiency was 90.1% at the optimum conditions of 0.7 wt% of potassium hydroxide, 25 wt% methanol/oil ratio, 90 min reaction time and 60°C reaction temperature. After the fuel characteristics of the methyl ester obtained under optimum conditions were determined, the effect on engine performance, CO and NOx emissions of methyl ester was investigated in a diesel engine with a single cylinder and direct injection. When compared to diesel fuel, engine power and torque decreased when using methyl ester, and specific fuel consumption increased. NOx emission increases at a rate of 18.4% on average through use of methyl ester.

scholarly journals A review on production of biodiesel from waste cooking oils

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-41
Author(s):  
Muzhda Azizi ◽  
Sweeta Akbari
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Waste Cooking Oils ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
The One ◽  
Cooking Oils ◽  
Different Sources

Nowadays, preservation of natural resources on earth is one of the most important concerns of humanity. In this regard, increasing the consumption of energy is one of the most critical challenges that humans are facing. Because, on the one hand, the untapped use of different sources of energy from fossil fuels can destroy this natural resource and, on the other hand, pollution from the use of these resources is a serious threat to the environment. Recent research suggests that affordable, sustainable and environmentally friendly fuels, which can be a good alternative to fossil fuels, have become more important. Therefore, biodiesel has made it possible to release less greenhouse gas emission and low toxicity emissions, which can partly meet fuel requirements and is the best alternative for petroleum diesel. In addition, the waste cooking oils are a major source of biodiesel for their essential compounds, such as glycerol. The use of waste cooking oils can reduce biodiesel production cost by 60 to 90 percent. Therefore, the main objective of this review is to study the production of biodiesel using transesterification reaction of waste cooking oil as an alternative fuel to petroleum diesel that can be used easily in diesel engines.

scholarly journals Innovative applications of waste cooking oil as raw material

2019 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Mannu ◽  
Monica Ferro ◽  
Maria Enrica Di Pietro ◽  
Andrea Mele
Keyword(s):  
Hazardous Waste ◽  
Industrial Application ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Waste Cooking Oils ◽  
Cooking Oils ◽  
Recycled Waste

The consideration towards waste cooking oils is changing from hazardous waste to valuable raw material for industrial application. During the last 5 years, some innovative processes based on the employment of recycled waste cooking oil have appeared in the literature. In this review article, the most recent and innovative applications of recycled waste cooking oil are reported and discussed. These include the production of bioplasticizers, the application of chemicals derived from waste cooking oils as energy vectors and the use of waste cooking oils as a solvent for pollutant agents.

scholarly journals KRITERIA RUMAH MAKAN SUPPLIER MINYAK JELANTAH DALAM RANGKA PERENCANAAN BAHAN BAKU BIODIESEL

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
D.U.M. Susilo ◽  
Th. Candra Wasis A.S. ◽  
Zakwan .
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Used Cooking Oil ◽  
A Value ◽  
Many Sources ◽  
The City

The using of biodiesel as an environmentally friendly fuel has received attention from consumers to producers. So, a lot of research was done on the potential raw material to become biodiesel. One of the raw materials for biodiesel was waste cooking oil. Pontianak City have many sources including waste cooking oil from restaurants. Therefore restaurants in the city of Pontianak might be used as suppliers of waste cooking oil in biodiesel production. This study aims to determine the priority of criteria and sub-criteria for restaurants as suppliers and determine good restaurants as suppliers of used cooking in Pontianak City . Purposive technique sampling using a sample of 61 house dining, interviewed to obtain alternative data suppliers. Expert survey questionnaire contains priority weighting of criteria and supplier criteria, analyzed using AHP ( Analytic Hierarchy Process ). Grouping of restaurants based on alternative supplier values ​​is used to determine good restaurants to be suppliers. The priority criteria for restaurants as consecutive suppliers are experience (0.289), quality (0.279), capacity (0.231), service (0.148) and price (0.053). Sub-criteria priority of restaurants as suppliers in a row is the time span of used cooking oil sold(0.161), length of time used cooking oil (0.155), income (0.129), type of cooking oil (0.107), type of fried food products (0.092), volume of cooking oil (0.090), frying volume (0.085), transaction convenience (0.082), subject to used cooking oil (0.056), used cooking oil price (0.030) and ease of payment (0.013). A value of ≥ 0.325 is a dining value that shows a very better priority as a supplier. The number of restaurants as suppliers is 8 % of the population of restaurants in the city of Pontianak..

scholarly journals PENGARUH MASSA KATALIS DAN WAKTU REAKSI PADA PEMBUATAN BIODIESEL DARI LIMBAH MINYAK JELANTAH DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN KATALIS HETEROGEN K2O DARI LIMBAH KULIT KAKAO

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 24-29
Author(s):  
Jefry R Turnip ◽  
Trio F. L. Tarigan ◽  
Mersi Suriani Sinaga
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Solid Catalyst ◽  
Waste Oil ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
High Level ◽  
Cooking Oils

Waste cooking oil is a waste oil that comes from many types of cooking oils such as corn oil, vegetable oil, ect. The purpose of this research is to waste cooking oil as a raw material to form biodiesel with K2O as the solid catalyst from cocoa pod ash (CPA) which is calcined on temperature 650 oC within 4 hours. This oil contains a high level of Free Fatty Acid (FFA) that is 3.13%. Therefore, pretreatment should be done by using activated carbon (1% w/w) to reduce levels of FFA. The research will be observed the effect of reaction time and the mass of catalyst. The characteristics of biodiesel is analyzed according to the levels of methyl ester in biodiesel, density, and viscosity based on the Indonesian National Standard (SNI). The best conditions of biodiesel are obtained with the amount of catalyst is 6% (w/w) that is calcined at 650 °C, reaction time 180 minutes, ratio mol of alcohol : oil is 12: 1, and 65 oC reaction of temperature, resulting the purity and yield of biodiesel is 99,8% and 92,68%. The results of this research indicates that the use of waste cooking as a raw material is suitable in the manufacture of biodiesel.

scholarly journals Biofuel Production from Waste Cooking Oils and its Physicochemical Properties in Comparison to Petrodiesel

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 87-94
Author(s):  
Ganesh Lamichhane ◽  
Sujan Khadka ◽  
Sanjib Adhikari ◽  
Niranjan Koirala ◽  
Dhruba Prasad Poudyal
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Waste Cooking Oils ◽  
Cooking Oils ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Astm D6751

Haphazard mining and consumption of fossil fuels have reduced petroleum reserves causing fossil fuel depletion and environmental degradation; thus, reflecting the need of the cheaper, renewable and eco-friendly alternative source of petroleum to meet the fuel demand. Million liters of edible oil used for cooking foods and date expired oils from oil manufacturers are discarded into sewage. This study primarily intends to study the feasibility of biodiesel production using such waste oils. In this work, biodiesel was prepared from waste cooking oils by a process called transesterification with NaOH as a catalyst. Our results showed that methyl ester (biodiesel) (92.67±0.90%), soap materials (1.33±0.224%) and glycerol (6±0.68%) were obtained after the transesterification of waste cooking oil. The physicochemical properties of biodiesel such as density, viscosity, volatility, surface tension and flashpoint were analyzed, which were found to be 0.862±0.006 g/cm3, 2.23±0.021 cP, 0.327×10-3±4.5×10-6 g/s, 32.03±0.138 dyne/cm, 169.67±0.810°C, respectively. These properties were compared with that of commercial diesel as well as with the values specified by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) D6751. The density and the surface tension of the biodiesel were found similar to that of petrodiesel but its volatility was 3 times lower. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra of the biodiesel showed methyl ester functional group at 1436 cm-1. Based on the cost of the materials used for production, the cost of biodiesel was estimated to be about 81 Nepalese rupees (0.67 USD) per liter. The properties of biodiesel also met the standard values of ASTM D6751. These findings indicate that waste oil is one of the feasible biodiesel sources and it can be used as a suitable alternative to petrodiesel.

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