COMPARISON OF TWO VIRUS CONCENTRATION METHODS FOR ENTERIC VIRUSES DETECTION IN MOROCCAN WASTEWATER AND TREATED EFFLUENT

Enteric viruses are the major cause of outbreaks of foodborne viral disease worldwide, and vegetables and fruits are considered significant vectors of virus transmission. In this study, we compared viral elution concentration methods in strawberry and lettuce and tested the secondary concentration step for concentrating viruses from large volumes of lettuce samples. Among the tested procedures, the combination of a 0.05 M glycine plus 100 mM Tris elution buffer (pH 9.5) and a polyethylene glycol precipitation concentration was most efficient for the detection of norovirus genogroup II from strawberries (50% of samples) and lettuce (2.9% of samples). The secondary concentration step using ultrafiltration devices could be applied to large lettuce samples without any decrease in detection limit and efficiency, and other cultivable enteric viruses including enteroviruses, adenoviruses, and rotaviruses were recovered from lettuce at efficiencies of 11.4, 9.05, and 11.3%, respectively. This method could be useful for detecting enteric viruses in fresh foods.

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Performance evaluation of virus concentration methods for implementing SARS-CoV-2 wastewater based epidemiology emphasizing quick data turnaround

The Science of The Total Environment ◽

10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149656 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 149656

Author(s):

Md Ariful Islam Juel ◽

Nicholas Stark ◽

Bridgette Nicolosi ◽

Jordan Lontai ◽

Kevin Lambirth ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Performance Evaluation ◽

Virus Concentration ◽

Concentration Methods

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Benchmarking virus concentration methods for quantification of SARS-CoV-2 in raw wastewater

The Science of The Total Environment ◽

10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142939 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 755 ◽

pp. 142939 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Mohammed Hakim Jafferali ◽

Kasra Khatami ◽

Merve Atasoy ◽

Madeleine Birgersson ◽

Cecilia Williams ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Virus Concentration ◽

Concentration Methods ◽

Raw Wastewater

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Removal of enteric viruses and Escherichia coli from municipal treated effluent by zebra mussels

The Science of The Total Environment ◽

10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.09.007 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 539 ◽

pp. 395-400 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Valeria Mezzanotte ◽

Francesca Marazzi ◽

Massimiliano Bissa ◽

Sole Pacchioni ◽

Andrea Binelli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Enteric Viruses ◽

Zebra Mussels ◽

Treated Effluent

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An epidemiological study of enteric viruses in sewage with molecular characterization by RT-PCR and sequence analysis

Journal of Water and Health ◽

10.2166/wh.2008.053 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 351-358 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

A. Arraj ◽

J. Bohatier ◽

C. Aumeran ◽

J. L. Bailly ◽

H. Laveran ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis A Virus ◽

Sewage Treatment ◽

Sewage Treatment Plant ◽

Treatment Plant ◽

Enteric Viruses ◽

Sample Volume ◽

Small Sample ◽

Detection Methods ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Treated Effluent

The aim of this study was to assess the presence and seasonal frequency of various enteric viruses in wastewater treatment. The detection of astrovirus, norovirus, enterovirus, hepatitis A virus (HAV) and rotavirus was carried out by molecular analyses in concentrated water samples collected over 18 months at the entrance and exit of an activated sludge sewage treatment plant. The reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) results were confirmed by sequencing, and comparative phylogenetic analysis was performed on the isolated strains. Genomes of human astrovirus and human rotavirus were identified in 26/29 and 11/29 samples of raw sewage, respectively, and in 12/29 and 13/29 treated effluent samples, respectively. Some rotavirus sequences detected in environmental samples were very close to those of clinical strains. Noroviruses, enteroviruses and HAV were not detected during the study period. This could be related to the small sample volume, to the sensitivity of the detection methods or to local epidemiological situations. Frequent detection of viral RNA, whether infectious or not, in the exit effluent of sewage treatment indicates wide dispersion of enteric viruses in the environment. Consequently, viral contamination resulting from the use of these treated waters is a risk that needs to be addressed.

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Quantitative PCR Detection of Enteric Viruses in Wastewater and Environmental Water Sources by the Lisbon Municipality: A Case Study

Water ◽

10.3390/w12020544 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 544 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Pedro Teixeira ◽

Sílvia Costa ◽

Bárbara Brown ◽

Susana Silva ◽

Raquel Rodrigues ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Reuse ◽

Enteric Viruses ◽

Water Quality Monitoring ◽

Environmental Water ◽

Underground Water ◽

Water Sources ◽

Pcr Detection ◽

Fecal Coliforms ◽

Untreated Wastewater ◽

Treated Effluent

Current regulations and legislation require critical revision to determine safety for alternative water sources and water reuse as part of the solution to global water crisis. In order to fulfill those demands, Lisbon municipality decided to start water reuse as part of a sustainable hydric resources management, and there was a need to confirm safety and safeguard for public health for its use in this context. For this purpose, a study was designed that included a total of 88 samples collected from drinking, superficial, underground water, and wastewater at three different treatment stages. Quantitative Polimerase Chain Reaction (PCR) detection (qPCR) of enteric viruses Norovirus (NoV) genogroups I (GI) and II (GII) and Hepatitis A (HepA) was performed, and also FIB (E. coli, enterococci and fecal coliforms) concentrations were assessed. HepA virus was only detected in one untreated influent sample, whereas NoV GI/ NoV GI were detected in untreated wastewater (100/100%), secondary treated effluent (47/73%), and tertiary treated effluent (33/20%). Our study proposes that NoV GI and GII should be further studied to provide the support that they may be suitable indicators for water quality monitoring targeting wastewater treatment efficiency, regardless of the level of treatment.

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Development of a Portable Detection Method for Enteric Viruses from Ambient Air and Its Application to a Wastewater Treatment Plant

Pathogens ◽

10.3390/pathogens8030131 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 131 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Koichi Matsubara ◽

Hiroyuki Katayama

Keyword(s):

Wastewater Treatment ◽

Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽

Detection Method ◽

Treatment Plant ◽

Enteric Viruses ◽

Ambient Air ◽

Virus Concentration ◽

Sampling Point ◽

Potential Source ◽

Collection Medium

The ambient air from wastewater treatment plants has been considered as a potential source of pathogenic microorganisms to cause an occupational risk for the workers of the plants. Existing detection methods for enteric viruses from the air using a liquid as the collection medium therefore require special care to handle on-site. Knowledge accumulation on airborne virus risks from wastewater has been hindered by a lack of portable and handy collection methods. Enteric viruses are prevalent at high concentrations in wastewater; thus, the surrounding air may also be a potential source of viral transmission. We developed a portable collection and detection method for enteric viruses from ambient air and applied it to an actual wastewater treatment plant in Japan. Materials of the collection medium and eluting methods were optimized for real-time polymerase chain reaction-based virus quantification. The method uses a 4 L/min active air sampler, which is capable of testing 0.7–1.6 m3 air after 3–7 h sampling with a detection limit of 102 copies/m3 air in the field. Among 16 samples collected at five to seven locations in three sampling trials (November 2007–January 2008), 56% (9/16) samples were positive for norovirus (NV) GII, with the highest concentration of 3.2 × 103 copies/m3 air observed at the sampling point near a grit chamber. Adenoviruses (4/16), NV GI (6/16), FRNA bacteriophages GIII (3/16), and enteroviruses (3/16) were also detected but at lower concentrations. The virus concentration in the air was associated with that of the wastewater at each process. The results imply that the air from the sewer pipes or treatment process is contaminated by enteric viruses and thus special attention is needed to avoid accidental ingestion of viruses via air.

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