Providing of resource saving in Danube rice irrigation systems based on reuse of drainage water and wastewater

According to the studies carried out by the US Geological Survey (USGS) under the project GFSAD30, Russia ranks fourth in the world in the number of fertile lands. However, today there are some problems that “slow down” the development of the Russia’s agricultural sector, including the rice-planting complex. One of the main problems of the Russian agro-industrial complex is unsustainable environmental management, which leads to inefficiency and sometimes loss of agricultural production. This is caused by the “rigidity” of the legal framework, the reluctance or inability of the economy to switch to new resourcesaving technologies, as well as the fear of partially or completely losing the crop when switching to new technologies. For the “soft” transition of the economy to new resource-saving technologies, we propose a resource-saving technology for cultivating rice on underground drip irrigation under mulch film on rice irrigation systems, the introduction of which proved its effectiveness, as well as the relevance of our study. The efficiency of proposed resource-saving technology of rice cultivation on drip irrigation is expressed in the increase of profitability of rice production by 26%, reduction of irrigation norm by more than 5 times, labor intensity of rice production by 42% and material costs by 24%. The proposed technology not only reduced the anthropogenic load, but also improved the land reclamation condition, including the situation in the rice irrigation ecosystem. Further development of drip technologies in the rice sector of Russia will allow developing fundamentally new, ecological-reclamative, balanced rice crop rotation with the inclusion of vegetable and cucurbits crops. The proposed technology will provide an opportunity to cultivate rice outside rice irrigation systems on previously rich lands, which will give agro-industrial workers new opportunities and prospects in rice production.

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ENHANCING ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY RICE SYSTEMS

International Journal of New Economics and Social Sciences ◽

10.5604/01.3001.0010.4545 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 116-121

Author(s):

A. Rokochynskyy ◽

P. Mendus ◽

S. Mendus ◽

V. Turchenyuk ◽

B. Fylypchuk

Keyword(s):

Environmental Safety ◽

Drainage Water ◽

Irrigation Systems ◽

Rice Irrigation

Ways to increase the environmental safety of rice irrigation systems based on reuse of drainage water were considered.

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Environmental and economic foundations of system optimization of operational, technological and construction parameters of rice irrigation systems

Environmental Economics ◽

10.21511/ee.08(2).2017.08 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 76-82 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Vasyl Turchenyuk ◽

Nadiia Frolenkova ◽

Anatolii Rokochynskyi

Keyword(s):

Management Strategies ◽

System Optimization ◽

Resource Saving ◽

Irrigation Systems ◽

Technical Parameters ◽

Rice Irrigation ◽

Complex Optimization ◽

Methodological Approaches ◽

Economic Foundations ◽

Selection Of

The paper substantiates the necessity to carry out system optimization of operational, technological and construction parameters of water regulation in the operation of rice irrigation systems, lays out methodological approaches and results. This research formulates approaches to the selection of project criteria and conditions of economic and environmental optimization during the construction of complex optimization models in the projects of their reconstruction and operation taking into account climatic management strategies of such objects. The proposed set of measures as a result of system optimization is focused on improving the natural and amelioration state of rice irrigation systems, improving their technological and technical parameters, introducing of water and resource saving regimes of rice irrigation and related rice crop rotations.

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LAYOUT AND DESIGN SOLUTIONS OF FILTERING WATER INTAKES FROM SHALLOW WATERCOURSES FOR DRIP IRRIGATION SYSTEMS

Ecology and water management ◽

10.31774/2658-7890-2021-3-3-103-120 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

A. S. Shtanko ◽

◽

V. N. Shkura ◽

Keyword(s):

Water Intake ◽

Drip Irrigation ◽

Agricultural Development ◽

Drainage Water ◽

Low Flow ◽

Mountain Streams ◽

Irrigation Systems ◽

Flow Rates ◽

Hydrographic Features ◽

Sand And Gravel

Purpose: development of layout and design schemes for low-flow water intakes, arranged on shallow river and stream watercourses for supplying water to drip irrigation systems. Agricultural development of terraces and floodplains of small foothill and mountain streams actualizes the development of facilities for water intake from them for the purpose of irrigating land. Morphological and hydrographic features, including shallow low-water depths, high flow rates, flow rates variability, saturation with sediments, the presence of underflow and overflow runoff, etc., make water intake from such watercourses difficult and specific. These circumstances predetermine the relevance of water intake structures development corresponding to the specified conditions. Materials and Methods. When developing the layout and design schemes of low-flow water intakes from shallow watercourses, the technologies of exploratory design of engineering systems and structures were used. Results. With regard to the morphometric, hydrological and other conditions of shallow foothill and mountain streams, a water intake with a bottom water intake was adopted for development. The water intake part of headworks is designed in the form of a toe drain, which has under-flow and overflow intake parts that allow water intake from the channel and off-channel water streams. The toe is made of two or three layers of sand and gravel material. Drainage pipes or pipe filters are used as a drainage element. Depending on the conditions of the watercourse, water intakes with transverse, longitudinal and pocket-coastal placement of water intakes are proposed. Conclusion. The layout and design schemes of filtering water intakes from shallow watercourses based on the use of overflow, underflow and combined structures of multilayer drainage water intakes with stream (transverse and longitudinal) and off-channel (pocket-coastal) placement have been proposed and developed.

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GEOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF SOILS AND RICE YIELD IN THE ILI RIVER BASIN

NEWS of National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Kazakhstan ◽

10.32014/2020.2518-170x.117 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (443) ◽

pp. 165-171

Author(s):

Rau Alexey, ◽

◽

Kadasheva Zhanar, ◽

Rau Genadiy, ◽

Anuarbekov Kanat, ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soil Fertility ◽

Ground Water ◽

Geological Structure ◽

Rice Paddies ◽

Irrigation Systems ◽

Aeration Zone ◽

Irrigation Period ◽

River Terraces ◽

Rice Irrigation ◽

Lithological Composition

Rice irrigation systems in Kazakhstan are located on river terraces and levees of the Syr Darya, Ile, and Karatal rivers’ basins. The geological structure and lithological composition of soils in the aeration zone is characterized by a wide variety, differing in soil fertility, mechanical composition, water and physical properties, water availability and salinity. Alluvial-meadow and takyr soils consist of light and heavy loam, sandy loam, and clay [1,2,3]. Melioration errors of the rice irrigation systems, built in the period from 60s to 80s of the last century, can be described by the fact that the Kubanskaya rice sowing map was built on all soils of river terraces and river banks, with the same parameters of irrigation and drainage, with the share of rice 57.5% and 63% [4]. At the rice irrigation systems, where the geological structure and lithological composition of the aeration zone soils correspond to the irrigation and drainage parameters of the Kubanskaya rice sowing map, the soil fertility and ameliorative status of irrigated land has remained high for many decades. The salt content in the 100 cm soil layer is 0.3-0.4%; in the autumn-winter period ground water is at a depth of 2.0-2.5 m, its mineralization is 5-7 g/l. During the rice irrigation period, ground water does not connect with the water of rice paddies, and the filtration of water from rice paddies is permitted and comprises 12 – 17 mm/day. Rice is grown without flow and discharge of water from rice paddies, the irrigation rate is 21,400 m3/ha, and the yield is 5.2 t/ha. At the rice irrigation systems, where the geological structure and lithological composition of the soil in the aeration zone does not correspond to the irrigation and drainage parameters of the Kubanskaya rice sowing map, the land is saline. During the rice irrigation period, the ground water connects with the water on the rice paddies. On these paddies, due to the convective diffusion of salts from the soil and from ground water, water salinity increases and reaches the critical threshold of toxicity of 2.5 g/l [5]. It is necessary to discharge water to reduce the salinity of water on the rice paddies, which is followed by flooding of water from the irrigation channel. The irrigation rate is 23,500 m3/ha, and the yield is 4.7 t/ha.

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