Brown adipocytes of sucrose-overfed rats treated with corticosterone: A stereological and ultrastructural study

The aim of this study was to examine the effects of short-term corticosterone treatment on brown adipo?cytes of rats overfed with sucrose. Ultrastructural and stereological analysis showed that brown adipocyte components responded to the applied treatment in conformity with their own dynamics and affinity. Although brown adipocytes generally corresponded to thermogenically active cells, some signs of supression of that function, such as mitochondrial degradation and a pattern of lipid accumulation, were noticeable. Taken together, the presented results indicate that a high carbohydrate diet delays the expected inhibitory influence of corticosterone on brown adipose tissue thermogenesis. For the full expression of corticosterone effects, longer treatment is needed.

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Low-protein, high-carbohydrate diet increases glucose uptake and fatty acid synthesis in brown adipose tissue of rats

Nutrition ◽

10.1016/j.nut.2013.10.004 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 30 (4) ◽

pp. 473-480 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Suélem Aparecida de França ◽

Maísa Pavani dos Santos ◽

Roger Vinícius Nunes Queiroz da Costa ◽

Mendalli Froelich ◽

Samyra Lopes Buzelle ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adipose Tissue ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Brown Adipose Tissue ◽

Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽

Acid Synthesis ◽

High Carbohydrate Diet ◽

Carbohydrate Diet ◽

High Carbohydrate ◽

Low Protein ◽

Brown Adipose

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A Low-Protein, High-Carbohydrate Diet Stimulates Thermogenesis in the Brown Adipose Tissue of Rats via ATF-2

Lipids ◽

10.1007/s11745-016-4119-z ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 51 (3) ◽

pp. 303-310 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Suélem A. de França ◽

Maísa P. dos Santos ◽

Franciele Przygodda ◽

Maria Antonieta R. Garófalo ◽

Isis C. Kettelhut ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adipose Tissue ◽

Brown Adipose Tissue ◽

High Carbohydrate Diet ◽

Carbohydrate Diet ◽

High Carbohydrate ◽

Low Protein ◽

Brown Adipose

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Exercise prevents the augmentation of postprandial lipaemia attributable to a low-fat high-carbohydrate diet

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1079/bjn2001408 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 86 (2) ◽

pp. 197-205 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Christina Koustsair ◽

Adrianne E. Hardman

Keyword(s):

Dietary Fat ◽

High Carbohydrate Diet ◽

Western Diet ◽

Short Term ◽

Carbohydrate Diet ◽

Postprandial Lipaemia ◽

Time Curve ◽

High Carbohydrate ◽

Daily Exercise ◽

Plasma Triacylglycerol

There is concern that replacement of dietary fat with carbohydrate may not reduce the overall risk of CHD because this replacement strategy elevates postprandial plasma triacylglycerol (TAG) concentrations. The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that daily exercise can offset the augmented postprandial lipaemia associated with a short-term high-carbohydrate diet. Nine healthy, normolipidaemic men aged 33 (SD 4) YEARS CONSUMED A TEST MEAL (G/KG BODY MASS; 1·2 FAT, 1·1 CARBOHYDRATE, 0·2 PROTEIN) ON THREE OCCASIONS: AFTER 3 D ON A TYPICAL WESTERN DIET (46, 38 AND 16 % ENERGY FROM CARBOHYDRATE, FAT AND PROTEIN RESPECTIVELY); AFTER 3 D ON AN ISOENERGETIC HIGH-CARBOHYDRATE DIET (CORRESPONDING VALUES: 70, 15 AND 15 % ENERGY); AFTER 3 D ON THE SAME HIGH-CARBOHYDRATE DIET WITH 30 MIN MODERATE EXERCISE DAILY. FASTING PLASMA TAG CONCENTRATION WAS HIGHER AFTER THE HIGH-CARBOHYDRATE DIET (1·15 (se 0·16) mmol/l) than after the Western diet (0·83 (se 0·10) mmol/l; P=0·03). Similarly, postprandial lipaemia (6 h total area under plasma TAG concentrationv.time curve) was higher after the high-carbohydrate diet (12·54 (se 2·07) mmol/l·h) than after the Western diet (9·30 (se 1·30) mmol/l·h; P=0·004). The addition of exercise to the high-carbohydrate diet significantly reduced postprandial lipaemia (9·95 (se 1·94) mmol/l·h; P=0·01 when compared with the high-carbohydrate diet) but not fasting TAG concentration (1·02 (se 0·24) mmol/l). In conclusion, daily exercise prevented the augmentation of postprandial lipaemia attributable to the short-term high-carbohydrate diet and, thus, exercise may be a powerful adjunct to dietary change.

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Short-Term Effect of a Low-Protein High-Carbohydrate Diet on Mature Female and Male, and Neomale Rainbow Trout

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22116149 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (11) ◽

pp. 6149

Author(s):

Nathan Favalier ◽

Vincent Véron ◽

Michael Marchand ◽

Anne Surget ◽

Patrick Maunas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rainbow Trout ◽

Lipid Metabolism ◽

Mature Female ◽

High Carbohydrate Diet ◽

Short Term ◽

Carbohydrate Diet ◽

High Carbohydrate ◽

Glucose And Lipid Metabolism ◽

Low Protein ◽

First Time

Rainbow trout are considered as a poor user of dietary carbohydrates, displaying persistent postprandial hyperglycaemia when fed a diet containing high amounts of carbohydrates. While this phenotype is well-described in juveniles, less attention was given to broodstock. Our objective was to assess for the first time the short-term consequences of feeding mature female and male, and neomale trout with a low-protein high-carbohydrate diet on glucose and lipid metabolism. Fish were fed for two days with a diet containing either no or 32% of carbohydrates. We analysed plasma metabolites, mRNA levels and enzymatic activities of glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, de novo lipogenesis and β-oxidation in the liver. Results demonstrated that the glucose and lipid metabolism were regulated by the nutritional status in all sexes, irrespective of the carbohydrate intake. These data point out that carbohydrate intake during a short period (5 meals) at 8 °C did not induce specific metabolic changes in broodstock. Finally, we demonstrated, for the first time, sex differences regarding the consequences of two days of feeding on glucose and lipid metabolism.

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Effects of Short-Term Dietary Change from High-Carbohydrate Diet to High-Fat Diet on Storage, Utilization, and Fatty Acid Composition of Rat Muscle Triglyceride during Swimming Exercise

Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition ◽

10.3164/jcbn.08-237 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 44 (2) ◽

pp. 168-177 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Masaru Ochiai ◽

Tatsuhiro Matsuo

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid Composition ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Acid Composition ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

High Carbohydrate Diet ◽

High Fat ◽

Short Term ◽

Carbohydrate Diet ◽

High Carbohydrate ◽

Muscle Triglyceride

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Nutritional Regulation of the Activities of Lipogenic Enzymes of Rat Liver and Brown Adipose Tissue

Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C ◽

10.1515/znc-1996-11-1215 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 51 (11-12) ◽

pp. 859-869 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Meinrad Boll ◽

Lutz W. D Weber ◽

Andreas Stampfl

Keyword(s):

Adipose Tissue ◽

Brown Adipose Tissue ◽

Enzyme Activities ◽

High Carbohydrate Diet ◽

Lipogenic Enzymes ◽

Carbohydrate Diet ◽

Interscapular Brown Adipose Tissue ◽

High Carbohydrate ◽

Brown Adipose ◽

Specific Activities

Abstract Nutrition-induced effects on the activity of enzymes of lipogenesis, fatty acid synthase (FAS; EC 2.3.1.85). ATP citrate lyase (ACL; EC 4.1.3.8), malic enzyme (ME; EC 1.1.1.40), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH; EC 1.1.1.49) and 6-phosphogluconate dehy drogenase (PGDH; EC 1.1.1.44) were investigated in liver and interscapular brown adipose tissue (BAT) of rats. The lipogenic enzymes could be grouped into two categories according to their response to dietary manipulations; FAS and ACL. both key enzymes of lipogenesis, responded fast and strongly to dietary manipulations. ME, G6PDH and PDGH, enzymes which also contribute to metabolic pathways other than lipogenesis, responded in a more sustained and less pronounced fashion. Feed deprivation caused the specific activities of lipogenic enzymes to decline several-fold. Refeeding of previously fasted (up to 3 days) animals increased the activities dramatically (10-to 25-fold) to far above pre-fasting levels (“overshoot”). Repetition of the fasting/refeeding regimen increasingly impaired the ability of both tissues to synthesize overshooting enzyme activities in the subsequent refeeding period. The fasting-induced decline of the activities was prevented when sugars were provided to the animals via drinking water. The sugars displayed different effectivities; sucrose= glucose> fructose> maltose » lactose. Sugars as the sole nutrient after fasting were also able to induce overshooting enzyme activities. Again, activities of FAS and ACL responded in a more pronounced fashion than the other three enzymes. Transition from feeding one diet to feeding a new diet of different composition led to adaptation of the lipogenic enzyme activities to levels characteristic for the new diet. Replacing a low-carbohydrate with a high-carbohydrate diet proceeded with major alterations of enzyme activities. This process of attaining a new level took up to 20 days and involved pronounced oscillations of the specific activities. In contrast, when a high-carbohydrate diet was replaced with another diet, particular one high in fat, transition to new enzyme activities was completed within 2 -3 days and proceeded without oscillations. All dietary manipulations caused more pronounced responses in young (35d-old) than in adult (180d-old) animals.

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