Removal of residual carcinogenic dyes from industrial wastewater using flocculation technique

Due to inefficient dyeing procedures in a typical dye industry, a large quantity of dye spills out into the wastewater, polluting it and causing serious harm to the environment. Consequently, special attention was focused on the use of a novel combination of a coagulant and a flocculant. As potato starch has already proved its strength as a bioflocculant, a combination of potato starch with iron(III) chloride as a coagulant was tested in order to achieve favorable results of dye reduction in simulated wastewater. The effect of various parameters on dye removal was investigated, like dosage of flocculant, temperature of treatment and flocculation time. Batch experimentation mode was adopted for the flocculation process, using a jar test apparatus. A mixed level parametric design (L16) was employed for experimentation. The orthogonal tests revealed that the best operating parameters were: 2% of potato starch, 60?C and 20 min of flocculation time. Furthermore, the significant factor test was performed using Minitab-17 from where the dosage of potato starch was proven to be the most significant factor. The study successfully raised dye removal efficiency up to 85% using a novel coagulant-flocculant combination. Finally, the results were compared with existing literature.

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Effect of Praestol as a Coagulant-Aid to Improve Coagulation-Flocculation in Dye containing Wastewaters

Global NEST Journal ◽

10.30955/gnj.001738 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 38-46 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Keyword(s):

Ionic Strength ◽

Aqueous Solutions ◽

Removal Efficiency ◽

Dye Removal ◽

Settling Time ◽

Solution Ph ◽

Polyaluminum Chloride ◽

Flocculation Process ◽

Flocculation Time

<div> This study was conducted to investigate the effect of praestol, as a coagulant-aid, to improve coagulation-flocculation process in the removal of disperse red 60 from aqueous solutions. The effect of various parameters including coagulants dose (10-1000 mg l-1), praestol dose (0-1000 mg l-1), solution pH (3-11), initial dye concentration (100-500 mg l-1), flocculation speed (30-60 rpm), flocculation time (15-30 min), settling time (5-60 min) and ionic strength (0-6 mg l-1) was evaluated on the dye removal. The dye removal efficiency was substantially increased by using praestol in the concentration of 80 mg l-1 and 400 mg l-1 for coagulation with alum and polyaluminum chloride (PACl), respectively. The maximum dye removal by alum coupled with praestol (Al-P) and PACl coupled with praestol (PA-P) was found to be 97.8% and 98.7%, respectively that were occurred at pH 7. The results showed that the application of PA-P or Al-P can be effectively used to remove disperse red 60 (DR 60) in aqueous solutions. </div>

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Efficacy of Chitosan as a Coagulant Aid to Alum Precipitation of Congo Red In Wastewater

Academic Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.32861/ajc.62.37.44 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 37-44

Author(s):

Adelagun Ruth Olubukola Ajoke ◽

Magomya Asabe Mercy ◽

Kamba Emmanuel Alhassan

Keyword(s):

Congo Red ◽

Dye Removal ◽

Test Procedure ◽

Dye Wastewater ◽

Effect Of Ph ◽

Jar Test ◽

Flocculation Time ◽

Settling Characteristics ◽

Better Than ◽

Dye Molecule

The use of chitosan prepared from prawn shells as coagulant aid for congo red (CR) dye removal from wastewater was investigated in this study. Characterisation of the prepared chitosan samples showed characteristics similar to commercially available ones. The coagulation – flocculation experiment was carried out using the jar test procedure. Both chitosan and alum were used separately for the dye precipitation and then combined together. The usage of alum alone showed no precipitating effect on the CR dye molecule, while chitosan was able to considerably reduce the concentration of the dye in solution. When chitosan was used as a coagulant aid in the alum precipitation, the amount (%) of dye removed increased greatly. Optimization of the process via study of effect of pH and flocculation time at optimum alum – chitosan combination indicated that pH 4-5 and settling time of 40 min were suitable conditions for maximum decolourisation of CR dye wastewater with about 98% efficiency. Moreover, study of settling characteristics of the sludge produced from the alum-chitosan synergy was better than that produced from either of them alone. Also, occurrence of redispersion and restabilization of the precipitate was not encountered.

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Treatment of Textile Wastewater using Biodegradable Flocculants of Chitosan and Extracted Pandan Leaves

Jurnal Teknologi ◽

10.11113/jt.v64.1647 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 64 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Norzita Ngadi ◽

Nor Aida Yusoff

Keyword(s):

Solvent Extraction ◽

Extraction Method ◽

Textile Wastewater ◽

Settling Time ◽

Turbidity Removal ◽

Test Experiment ◽

Jar Test ◽

Solvent Extraction Method ◽

Flocculation Process

The study investigated the performance of chitosan and extracted pandan leaves towards treatment of textile wastewater by using flocculation process. Pandan leaves were extracted by using solvent extraction method. Flocculation process was conducted using a Jar test experiment. The effect of dosage, pH, and settling time on reduction of COD, turbidity and color of textile wastewater was studied. The results obtained found that chitosan was very effective for reduction of COD, turbidity, color and indicator for color. The best condition for COD and turbidity removal was achieved at 0.2 g dosage, pH 4 and 60 minutes of settling time. Under this condition, about 58 and 99% of COD and turbidity was removed, respectively. However, the results obtained using extracted pandan was opposite compared to the chitosan. Extracted pandan was not able to remove both COD and turbidity of the waste.

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Pilot-Scale Microsand-Ballasted Flocculation of Wastewater: Turbidity Removal, Parameters Optimization, and Mechanism Analysis

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1078360/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yimin Sang ◽

Taotao Lu ◽

Xianchun Lu ◽

Shuguang Wang ◽

Xueting Shao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Process Parameters ◽

Pilot Scale ◽

Parameters Optimization ◽

Optimum Dose ◽

Mechanism Analysis ◽

Recycled Water ◽

Turbidity Removal ◽

Drinking Water Standard ◽

Jar Test ◽

Simulated Wastewater

Abstract The flocs formed during microsand-ballasted flocculation (MBF) have attracted much attention. However, few studies have reported on comprehensive process parameters of MBF and its mechanism is still not well understood. Jar test and pilot-scale continuous experiments were here conducted on two kinds of simulated wastewater, labeled S1 (21.6-25.9 NTU) and S2 (96-105 NTU). Results revealed the hydraulic retention time ratio in the coagulation cell, injection & maturation cell, lamella settler of pilot-scale MBF equipment was 1: 3: 7.3. The optimum poly aluminum chloride doses for Samples S1 and S2 were 0.875 g/L and 1.0 g/L. Besides, the optimum size of microsand was 49-106 µm and the optimum dose was 1.0 g/L. Under aforementioned conditions, the effluent turbidity of S1 was below 0.47 NTU, lower than the Chinese drinking water standard; that of S2 was below 1.7 NTU, meeting the Chinese recycled water standard. Turbidity removal ranged from 98.0% to 98.8% for S1 and 98.5% to 99.5% for S2 when microsand was added. Therefore, microsand addition enhances MBF performance, where microsand serves as an initial core particle. Some microsand core particles bond together to form a dense core structure of micro-flocs by the adsorption bridging of inorganic polymeric flocculant. Moreover, the size of the largest micro-flocs may be controllable as long as the effective energy dissipation ɛ0 is adjusted appropriately through specific stirring speeds. This work provides comprehensive pilot-scale process parameters for using MBF to effectively treat wastewater and offers a clearer explanation of the formation mechanism of microsand-ballasted flocs.

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Applications of Fe3O4@AC nanoparticles for dye removal from simulated wastewater

Chemosphere ◽

10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.07.011 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 236 ◽

pp. 124280 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Seema Joshi ◽

V.K. Garg ◽

Navish Kataria ◽

K. Kadirvelu

Keyword(s):

Dye Removal ◽

Simulated Wastewater

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Potato Starch as a Coagulant for Dye Removal from Textile Wastewater

Water Air & Soil Pollution ◽

10.1007/s11270-015-2499-y ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 226 (8) ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Muhammad Shahzad Zafar ◽

Muhammad Tausif ◽

Muhammad Mohsin ◽

Syed Waqas Ahmad ◽

Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq

Keyword(s):

Dye Removal ◽

Potato Starch ◽

Textile Wastewater

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A critical review on flocculants and flocculation

Non-Metallic Material Science ◽

10.30564/nmms.v1i1.645 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Srijita Bharti

Keyword(s):

Wastewater Treatment ◽

Water Treatment ◽

Critical Review ◽

Wastewater Sample ◽

Test Protocol ◽

Chemical Alteration ◽

Jar Test ◽

Flocculation Process ◽

Suspended Loads

The article critically reviews the applications of biopolymers in the area of water treatment. A number of biopolymers were reported for their flocculation behavior for treating the wastewater and making it suitable for various industrial as well as agricultural purposes via chemical alteration onto its backbone. Wastewater treatment was followed by flocculation process using standard ‘Jar test protocol’. Minute quantities of dosage were found be ideal to diminish the organic, biological and suspended loads from wastewater sample. The process of flocculation using biopolymers was also found economically suitable compared to other various processes applied in water treatment.

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Poly (sodium-4-styrenesulfonate) assisted ultrafiltration for methylene blue dye removal from simulated wastewater: Optimization using response surface methodology

Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering ◽

10.1016/j.jece.2016.03.033 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 2008-2022 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Jhilly Dasgupta ◽

Anisha Singh ◽

Sunny Kumar ◽

Jaya Sikder ◽

Sudip Chakraborty ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Methylene Blue ◽

Response Surface Methodology ◽

Response Surface ◽

Dye Removal ◽

Blue Dye ◽

Methylene Blue Dye ◽

Simulated Wastewater

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Decolorization of Reactive Brilliant Red X-3B Simulated Dye Water by Novel Coagulants

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.743-744.665 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 743-744 ◽

pp. 665-668

Author(s):

Ji Zhou Li ◽

Xu Yin Yuan ◽

Ming Tian ◽

Hao Ran Ji ◽

Wan Jiang

Keyword(s):

Removal Efficiency ◽

Dye Removal ◽

Color Removal ◽

Solution Temperature ◽

Maximum Efficiency ◽

Coagulant Dosage ◽

Decolorization Efficiency ◽

Initial Ph ◽

Simulated Wastewater ◽

Ph Range

Five novel coagulants, DC-491, Fennofix K97, BWD-01, MD-03 and MD-04 were chosen to treat reactive brilliant red X-3B simulated wastewater by jar tests. The results showed that the decolorization efficiencies were all higher than 75% at initial pH 8.2 and temperature 20 after 20 minutes of reaction. Then, two typical coagulants, BWD-01 and MD-04 which had better performance were chosen to study the effect of dye removal of X-3B at different operating parameters, including coagulant dosage, pH, sedimentaion time and reaction temperature of simulated wastewater. Decolorization efficiency of MD-04 for X-3B solution was higher than 80% in pH range from 3 to 9, while for BWD-01, efficiency increased from 37.3% to 82.3% in this pH range. For both BWD-01 and MD-04, the color removal efficiency increased as the solution temperature increased and the maximum efficiency was over 94% at 40. Small changes in the color removal efficiency were observed after 1 hour sedimentation for both coagulants.

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