Tailoring the Optical Properties of Polymers Blend Nanocomposites

The presented work deals with the structural and optical properties of chemically synthesized TiO2 nanoparticles filled PC/PS blend nanocomposites. A series of PC/PS (100/0, 50/50, 0/100 wt%/wt %) -TiO2 (1, 2, 3 wt %) blend nanocomposites have been prepared by solution casting method. Prepared blend nanocomposites have been subjected to XRD, SEM and FTIR for structural analysis. Optical constants have been analyzed using UV-Vis spectroscopy. The XRD, SEM and FTIR spectrum confirms the formation of PC/PS-TiO2 blend nanocomposites. Results reveal the decrease in band gap and enhancement in optical constants like, extinction coefficient, refractive index and dielectric constants of blend nanocomposites with nanofiller TiO2 content.

Graph Theory and Matrix Approach (GTMA) Model for the Selection of the Femoral-Component of Total Knee Joint Replacement

Total Knee Replacement (TKR) is the increasing trend now a day, in revision surgery which is associated with aseptic loosening, which is a challenging research for the TKR component. The selection of optimal material loosening can be controlled at some limits. This paper is going to consider the best material selected among a number of alternative materials for the femoral component (FC) by using Graph Theory. Here GTMA process used for optimization of material and a systematic technique introduced through sensitivity analysis to find out the more reliable result. Obtained ranking suggests the use of optimized material over the other existing material. By following GTMA Co_Cr-alloys (wrought-Co-Ni-CrMo) and Co_Cr-alloys (cast-able-Co-Cr-Mo)are on the 1st and 2nd position respectively.

PVA Based Polymer Electrolyte with Layered Filler Graphite for Natural Dye Sensitized Solar Cell

Graphite nanopowder is synthesized by mechanical method using ball mill and used as filler in polymer electrolyte film based on Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) for application in natural dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC). In the present work dye sensitized solar cell has been assembled using electrolyte system composed of PVA as host polymer, ethylene carbonate as plasticizer, LiI: I2 as redox couple and graphite as filler; TiO2 modified with Copper oxide (CuO) photoanode in order to provide inherent energy barrier and natural cocktail dye as sensitizer. The obtained solar cell conversion efficiency was about 3.2 % with fill factor 52% using an irradiation of 100 mW/cm2 at 25º C.

Allowed Spatial Transitions and Cancellation of the Richardson-Langmuir Ban

The ancient emission formulas of Langmuir and Richardson entered thecalculations of subtle effects in semiconductor devices as basic ones.But, in the physics of semiconductor devices, these models have longplayed a purely decorative role, since they can describe in the most roughapproximation only individual sections of the I �?V characteristic. But it isprecisely the fact that these formulas are basic when describing the barriercurrent-voltage characteristics (CVC) and prevented the consideration anduse of thermoelectric effects in materials on a nano-scale. Thus, as thesebasic emission models actually imposed a ban on the MEASURABILITYof local thermoelectric effects, the existence of which has already beenproven both phenomenologically and experimentally.The quantum transition technique is based on classical models. But itcan also be used to correct these classic formulas. The calculation of thespatial transition of electrons over the potential barrier, taking into accountthe polarity of the kinetic energy, gives currents that are significantlyhigher than the currents of Langmuir and Richardson, including in theinitial section of the I �?V characteristic. Moreover, ballistic currentsare concentrated at energy levels close to the threshold. This effectof condensation of electrons flowing down the barrier transforms the"anomalous" Seebeck coefficients into normal MEASURABLE LocalThermal EMF, including in p-n junctions.

Opinion: Chemical Meoscopics for the Mesoparticles Reactivity Explanation

The estimation of chemical particles reactivity and the determination of chemical reactions direction are the actual theme in new scientific trend – Chemical Mesoscopics. Paper includes the proposal about the using the theory of free energy linear dependence from physical organic chemistry and their applications for prognosis of reactions flowing. The semi-empiric constants is given according to mesoscopic physics definitions as well as the transformed Kolmogorov–Avrami equation is discussed. It is the development of Chemical Mesoscopics for organic reactivity estimation including nanostructures reactivity.

Synthesis, Electrical Conductivity, and Dielectric Behaviour of Nano Polyaniline doped with H2SO4; HCl and (HCl + NaNO2) mixture: A comparative study with acetone washing

Acid doped Polyaniline (PANI) due to their increased electrical conductivity, are considered to be the most promising conducting filler materials. Hence, the present study, reports the synthesis of the nano PANI followed by acid doping, electrical conductivity and dielectric properties measurements of H2SO4; HCl and (Conc. HCl + NaNO2mixture) doped PANI. In order to know the effect of acetone washing on the electrical properties of acid doped PANI samples, the electrical properties of the non-acetone washed acid doped PANI samples are compared with that of their acetone washed counterparts. The PANI salt was prepared by conventional route using aniline hydrochloride and ammonium persulphate as an oxidant. PANI salt was subjected to 0.5M NaOH to form PANI base, which was further doped separately with H2SO4; HCl and (Conc. HCl + NaNO2mixture) respectively followed by acetone washing. A comparative electrical conductivity study between the acetone washed and unwashed PANI salt and H2SO4, HCl and Conc. HCl + NaNO2 mixture doped PANI were characterized by dielectric and impedance study.

A potential approach to enhance the Seebeck coefficient of UHMWPE by using the graphene oxide

Thermoelectric materials have been the competent source for the production of energy in present decades. The most important and potential parameter required for material to have beter thermoelectric characteristics is the Seebeck coefficient. In this work, ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) and graphene oxide (GO) nanocomposites was prepared with mechanical mixing by containing 10000ppm, 50000ppm, 70000ppm, 100000ppm, 150000ppm, and 200000ppm loadings of graphene oxide. Due to intrinsic insulating nature of UHMWPE, the value of Seebeck for pristine UHMWPE and its nanocomposites with 10000ppm, & 50000ppm of GO concentration was too low to be detected. However, the Seebeck coefficient for composites with 70000ppm, 100000ppm, 150000ppm, and 200000ppm loadings of GO was found to be 180, 206, 230 and 235 µV/K, respectively. These higher values of Seebeck coefficients were attributed to superior thermal insulating nature of UHMWPE and conductive network induced by the GO within the UHMWPE insulating matrix. Although, values of figure of merit and power factor were negligibly small due to lower concentration of charge carriers in UHMWPE/GO nanocomposites but still reported results are extremely hopeful for considering the composite as the potential candidate for thermoelectric applications.

Development of Superhydrophobic Polyester (Polyethylene terephthalate) Fabric for Multiple Applications

This study intended to develop a healthy and environmentally friendly super-hydrophobic PET polyester textile fabric using a specific Fluoro Silane finish (SHF). A novel SHF was prepared and applied on a polyester fabric using a pad-dry-cure method. The finished fabric was evaluated for the degree of hydrophobicity, durability and stain repellence. The finished fabric exhibited static water contact angle greater than 170o and received 90 AATCC (4 ISO) rating that is recognized as super-hydrophobicity and this property was maintained even after a 50,000-cycle abrasion test. FTIR analysis identified the characteristic peaks related to Si-O-Si and C-F asymmetric stretching bands of the finish on the fabric indicating a robust attachment on the fabric. Finished fabric did not show any change in appearance or tactile characteristics of the fabric.

Synthesis and Characterization of Trivalent al Substituted Zinc Ferrite using Ethylene Diamine (EDA) as Ligand

Nano domain Al substituted Zinc ferrite was prepared by chemical route using Ethylene Diamine as ligand. High purity precursors nitrate salts of Zinc, Fe(3+), Al(3+) were utilized along with citric acid which acts as both fuel and complexing agent. Two different molar ratios of Zn(2+):(Fe3+):Al(3+) is 1:1.5:0.5 and 1:1.25:0.75. After ensuring proper mix of the solution Ethylene diamine was added dropwise to form a gel like mass with proper pH control. Before annealing, thermal analysis was carried to determine the crystallization/phase transition zone. Drying was carried in several stages. Initially, gel like mass was obtained after drying at 40°C while pH was about 7. Drying of gel was carried in oil bath at about 90°C and powdered mass obtained was grinded followed by auto combustion at 150°C for 60 minutes before annealing at 150°C, 350°C, 650°C, 950°C for 2 hours to ensure the phase formation. Crystallite size, lattice strain and lattice parameters were studied from XRD analysis.

Solving the Problem of Silicon Dioxide Melting Based on Deviation Model

In order to reveal the dissolution behavior of iron tailings in blast furnace slag, we studied the main component of silica in iron tailings. First, edge contour features need to be established to represent the melting process of silica. We choose shape, perimeter, area and generalized radius as objects. By independently analyzing the influence of these four indexes on the melting rate, the area and shape were selected as the characteristic parameters of the edge contour of the silica particles. Then, the actual melting rate of the silica is estimated by the edge contour feature index. Finally, we can calculate the melting rate of the first second of three time periods of 0.00010312mm3/s，0.0002399mm3/s，0.0000538mm3/s.