scholarly journals A sociological view of the Russian religious renaissance at the end of the twentieth century: Its scope, limits and tendencies

2004 ◽  
pp. 189-227
Author(s):  
Mirko Blagojevic
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Religious Belief ◽  
Sociological View

In this article I have dealt with empirical proofs for the Russian religious renaissance which came after the fall of the Soviet socialistic empire and carried on all through the nineties as a pro-religious (pro-orthodox) consensus and a religious belief. Likewise, I have dealt with proofs suggesting certain limitations of the renaissance in question which manifested mainly in irregular fulfillment of religious duties.

scholarly journals Phantom Limbs, Extended Minds and the Decline of Religiosity: A Cognitive and Evolutionary Perspective

Open Theology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carles Salazar
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Causal Relationship ◽  
Religious Belief ◽  
Significant Others ◽  
Causal Link ◽  
The Other ◽  
Evolutionary Perspective ◽  
Phantom Limbs

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to advance a hypothesis that might explain the decline of religious belief and practice among the so-called WEIRD (Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich and Democratic) populations. The main point of this paper is to postulate a causal relationship between two variables that appear to be significantly correlated: on one hand, the decline of religious belief and practice that has been observed in those populations during the twentieth century, and especially since the second half of that century; on the other, the remarkable growth of their life span during that period. The factor that the author proposes as an explanation for that correlation is the causal link relating to the experience of the death of significant others and belief in the supernatural in such a way that the more that experience happens to be relevant in a population’s day-to-day life the more that population will be prone to entertain beliefs in the supernatural, and conversely, the less prominent that experience happens to be, the less inclined that population will be to uphold those beliefs.

The Royal Declaration Against Transubstantiation and the Struggle Against Religious Discrimination in the Early Twentieth Century

2011 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 555-572
Author(s):  
Joseph M. Fewster
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Religious Belief ◽  
Catholic Church ◽  
Roman Catholic ◽  
Roman Catholic Church ◽  
Religious Discrimination ◽  
Bill Of Rights ◽  
House Of Commons ◽  
Parliamentary Debates ◽  
Catholic Faith

Historians have paid little attention to the controversy provoked when Edward VII, in conformity with the Bill of Rights (1689) and Act of Settlement (1701) made the ‘Declaration against Transubstantiation’ which grossly insulted the Roman Catholic faith. Angry protests by Catholics in England were replicated even more strongly throughout the empire and issues of constitutional importance were raised which remain alive to the present day. The records of the lengthy parliamentary debates on this matter between 1901 and 1910 show that despite lingering suspicion of the Roman Catholic Church, and determination that no one professing that faith should ever occupy the throne, most members of both houses regarded Catholics as loyal citizens who should no longer be affronted at the beginning of the sovereign's reign by language born of a bygone age. Even so, to devise a formula which while removing what gave offence could satisfy the diverse interests involved when the religious and political spheres impinged on each other proved extremely difficult. The difficulty was increased because a large proportion of the general public regarded the declaration as a vital safeguard to the Protestant succession to the throne which made politicians hesitant to tamper with what had become ‘woven into the very texture of religious belief and adhesion’ in the country. It is worthwhile, therefore, to examine the various attempts to deal with this ‘thorny and difficult question’, which finally led to a revised declaration being forced in great haste through the House of Commons amid loud protests at what was considered unprecedented procedure.

scholarly journals Experiência do sagrado e do profano

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (296) ◽  
pp. 886-904
Author(s):  
Urbano Zilles
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Human Nature ◽  
Religious Experience ◽  
Religious Belief ◽  
Philosophy Of Religion ◽  
Abstract Concepts ◽  
Mircea Eliade ◽  
Concepts Of God ◽  
Numinous Experience ◽  
Rudolf Otto

A fenomenologia de Husserl motivou uma viragem da filosofia da religião, no século XX, através das obras Das Heilige de Rudolf Otto e O sagrado e o profano de M. Eliade. Ambos partem da experiência religiosa concreta, não de conceitos abstratos de Deus e de religião, para fundamentar a crença religiosa na natureza humana. Otto fala do mysterium tremendum et fascinans na experiência do numinoso e Eliade do homo religiosus e do homo profanus.Abstract: Husserl’s phaenomenology caused a revolution in the philosophy of religion in the twentieth century with the studies Das Heilige of Rudolf Otto and The holy and the profane of M. Eliade. Both authors depart from the concret religious experience, not from the abstract concepts of God and religion, to ground the religious belief in the human nature. Otto speaks about the mysterium tremendum et fascinans in the numinous experience and Eliade about the experience of homo religiosus and the homo profanus.Keywords: Religious experience. Numinous, Mysterium tremendum. Rudolf Otto. Mircea Eliade.

The Morality of Religious Belief

1985 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 551-557
Author(s):  
Clyde Nabe
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Religious Belief ◽  
William James ◽  
Ethics Of Belief ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
The Will ◽  
The Ethics Of Belief

Van Harvey's The Historian and the Believer appeared nearly a century after W. K. Clifford's ‘The ethics of belief’. Harvey is critical of the epistemological supports of religious belief in a way strikingly similar to Clifford's criticisms. But Clifford's view did not go uncriticized in the intervening period. William James for instance used Clifford's essay as a foil for his argument in ‘The will to believe’. Now here is Clifford's argument again offered in twentieth century garb in Harvey's book. That a view so similar to Clifford's can arise again a century later, and after strong criticism, suggests that there is some important integrity to that view, and that that view strikes a responsive chord in the ear of many contemporary human beings. This paper intends therefore to examine Clifford's and Harvey's works in order to uncover what makes their shared view attractive.

Muslim Religious Authority in Modern Asia

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 501-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Michael Feener
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Religious Belief ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Religious Authority ◽  
Public Morality ◽  
Public Spheres ◽  
The Past ◽  
Political Transformations ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
The Social

The social, economic, and political transformations of the past two centuries have been rapid and dramatic, resulting in complex reconfigurations of religious authority in many Muslim societies. These changes have involved not only the emergence of distinctly new profiles of leadership, but also the persistence and adaptation of the models established by the ulama of the classical period. The challenges of modernizing reform at the turn of the twentieth century struck at the very heart of traditions that had bolstered established religious authority for a thousand years. In the modern period, ulama find themselves in increasingly crowded and highly contested public spheres in which they can no longer hold any kind of monopoly. Contemporary debates in Muslim public spheres are characterized by the emergence of complex new discursive formulations on issues of religious belief and practice, individual rights and responsibilities, and proper standards of public morality. This essay provides an historical introduction to the emergence of diverse models of Muslim religious authority in modern Asia.

Deus in Machina Movet: Religion in the Age of Technological Reproducibility

2006 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-36
Author(s):  
John Lardas
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Herman Melville ◽  
Religious Belief ◽  
Critical Mass ◽  
Technological Condition ◽  
Historical Ontology ◽  
Moby Dick ◽  
Historical Specificity ◽  
Theoretical Frame ◽  
Academic Study

AbstractThis essay demonstrates that the concept of feedback—as a technological condition, historical ontology, and theoretical frame—challenges traditional ways of conceiving of religion and writing its history. This essay "begins" in 1920's America, a moment when the capacity of machines to regulate both nonhuman and human systems reached a point of critical mass and intensity. Integrating theoretical exploration with historical specificity, I address responses to this changing technological atmosphere among Anglo-Protestant leaders as well as leaders of the infamous "Revival" of Herman Melville and his long-forgotten Moby-Dick (1851). Historically, I argue that Protestant strategies of self-centering, so pervasive in the early twentieth century, failed to hold their ground against the billowing nature of feedback technology. Theoretically, I argue that Protestant-inspired definitions of what constitutes religious belief and practice, still pervasive in the modern academic study of religion, are not equipped to deal with crises of the natural within (post)modernity.

scholarly journals Reacionarismo católico ontem, hoje e sempre... Os “vencidos” do

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (314) ◽  
pp. 541
Author(s):  
Emerson José Sena da Silveira
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Religious Belief ◽  
Modus Vivendi ◽  
The Future ◽  
Contemporary Media ◽  
Contemporary Catholicism ◽  
Political Actions

O presente artigo analisa o reacionarismo entre os católicos no século XX. Baseado em uma metodologia ensaístico-bibliográfica, argumenta que as organizações contemporâneas que defendem um catolicismo e uma Igreja voltados para a ênfase em guerras da moral e da cultura (campanha antiaborto e contra o casamento LGBTQIA+), podem ser vistas como complexas heranças conservadoras mescladas às linguagens midiáticas modernas que articulam a fé religiosa reacionária num passado idolátrico e a ação público-política em uma finalidade: apontar o futuro como hierofania do modus vivendi reacionário.  Abstract: This paper analyses the presence of reactionarism among Catholics on the twentieth century. Based on a bibliographic-essayist methodology, one proposes the premise that contemporary Catholicism-advocating organizations, with an emphasis on the cultural and moral Catholic wars – i.e. anti-abortion campaigning, anti-LGBTQIA+ marriage campaigning; can be perceived as complex conservative inheritances mixed with contemporary media languages that articulate reactionary religious belief in an idolatrous past and public and political actions with a specific purpose, pointing to the future as a hierophany of the reactionary modus vivendi.Keywords: Catholic reactionarism; Catholic moral war; Contemporaneity and Catholicism.

Some Polish Composers of To-Day

Tempo ◽  
1948 ◽  
pp. 25-28
Author(s):  
Andrzej Panufnik
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Fertile Soil ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Progressive Group ◽  
Karol Szymanowski

It is ten years since KAROL SZYMANOWSKI died at fifty-four. He was the most prominent representative of the “radical progressive” group of early twentieth century composers, which we call “Young Poland.” In their manysided and pioneering efforts they prepared the fertile soil on which Poland's present day's music thrives.

V1214: Edward Loughborough Keyes: An Early Twentieth Century Leader In Urology

2004 ◽  
Vol 171 (4S) ◽  
pp. 320-320
Author(s):  
Peter J. Stahl ◽  
E. Darracott Vaughan ◽  
Edward S. Belt ◽  
David A. Bloom ◽  
Ann Arbor
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Early Twentieth Century
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