scholarly journals Experiência do sagrado e do profano

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (296) ◽  
pp. 886-904
Author(s):  
Urbano Zilles
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Human Nature ◽  
Religious Experience ◽  
Religious Belief ◽  
Philosophy Of Religion ◽  
Abstract Concepts ◽  
Mircea Eliade ◽  
Concepts Of God ◽  
Numinous Experience ◽  
Rudolf Otto

A fenomenologia de Husserl motivou uma viragem da filosofia da religião, no século XX, através das obras Das Heilige de Rudolf Otto e O sagrado e o profano de M. Eliade. Ambos partem da experiência religiosa concreta, não de conceitos abstratos de Deus e de religião, para fundamentar a crença religiosa na natureza humana. Otto fala do mysterium tremendum et fascinans na experiência do numinoso e Eliade do homo religiosus e do homo profanus.Abstract: Husserl’s phaenomenology caused a revolution in the philosophy of religion in the twentieth century with the studies Das Heilige of Rudolf Otto and The holy and the profane of M. Eliade. Both authors depart from the concret religious experience, not from the abstract concepts of God and religion, to ground the religious belief in the human nature. Otto speaks about the mysterium tremendum et fascinans in the numinous experience and Eliade about the experience of homo religiosus and the homo profanus.Keywords: Religious experience. Numinous, Mysterium tremendum. Rudolf Otto. Mircea Eliade.

The Human Face of Naturalism: Putnam and Diamond on Religious Belief and the “Gulfs between Us”

The Monist ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 103 (4) ◽  
pp. 404-414
Author(s):  
Sofia Miguens
Keyword(s):  
Religious Experience ◽  
Religious Belief ◽  
Philosophy Of Religion ◽  
Hilary Putnam ◽  
Human Face ◽  
Ethical Life ◽  
Cora Diamond

Abstract Hilary Putnam and Cora Diamond both wrote on Wittgenstein’s Three Lectures on Religious Belief. They did it quite differently; my ultimate aim in this article is to explore this difference. Putnam’s view of religion is largely a view of ethical life; I look thus into his writings on ethics and his proposals to face the relativist menace therein. Still, in his incursions into philosophy of religion, describing religious experience through authors such as Rosenzweig, Buber, or Levinas, Putnam deals with what Diamond calls, after Wittgenstein, “the gulfs between us.” Such gulfs, and the threat of relativism they bring, need to be accounted for. With that purpose in mind I complement Putnam’s reading of the Three Lectures with Diamond’s own reading.

Otto, Rudolf (1869–1937)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith E. Yandell
Keyword(s):  
Immanuel Kant ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Religious Experience ◽  
Sensory Experience ◽  
Experience Of God ◽  
The Uncanny ◽  
Numinous Experience ◽  
Rudolf Otto ◽  
Kantian Philosophy

Rudolf Otto, an early and leading student of religious experience, was a devout Christian thinker (part theologian, part philosopher, part phenomenologist of religious experience) who was strongly influenced by the philosophy of Immanuel Kant. He held that numinous experience – experience of the uncanny that is strongest and most important in cases in which it seems to its subject to be experience of God – is unique in kind. Such experience of God, he held, occurred in both Semitic and South Asian monotheistic traditions. Recognizing the intellectual or doctrinal content of numinous experience, but influenced by Kant’s thesis that knowledge-giving concepts cannot refer beyond possible objects of sensory experience, Otto tried to remain faithful to both numinous experience and Kantian philosophy by talking about ‘ideograms’ that express the content of numinous experience but, allegedly at least, are not concepts.

Philosophy of religion in the twentieth century

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stewart Sutherland
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Immanuel Kant ◽  
Religious Experience ◽  
David Hume ◽  
Philosophy Of Religion ◽  
Dual Role ◽  
Moral Beliefs ◽  
Religious Issues

This chapter discusses the philosophy of religion during the twentieth century. The influence of Immanuel Kant and David Hume on the discussion of theological and religious issues by philosophers is examined in the first section. The dual role of philosophy and the main forms of interaction between philosophy and theology are discussed in the next section. The chapter also examines three main themes: the nature and significance of religious experience, the attempts in the twentieth century to deal with some of the links between religion and reason, and the interaction between religious and moral beliefs.

scholarly journals Functions of Religious Faith and Religious Experience as Components of the Structure of Religious Consciousness: A Comparative Analysis

2007 ◽  
pp. 5-12
Author(s):  
Anatolii S. Ivanchenko
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Religious Experience ◽  
Religious Belief ◽  
Philosophy Of Religion ◽  
Religious Faith ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
Religious Traditions ◽  
Religious Consciousness

The article compares the functions of religious faith and religious experience as structural components of religious consciousness. Traditionally, in scientific studies, the problem of religious belief and religious experience is viewed separately from the perspective of psychology and philosophy of religion. However, the author of this article, while researching the structure of religious consciousness, noticed that at the present stage of the development of religious traditions, religious faith and religious experience perform rather related functions. This work is devoted to the substantive disclosure of the relevance of this hypothesis.

Feminism, Constructivism and Numinous Experience

1994 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 511-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa Raphael
Keyword(s):  
Religious Experience ◽  
Religious Tradition ◽  
Feminist Study ◽  
Numinous Experience ◽  
Rudolf Otto ◽  
Constructivist Epistemology

This article brings together constructivist epistemology and feminist study of religion to provide phenomenological evidence that numinous consciousness is not the immediate, sui generis essence of religious experience that Rudolf Otto believed it to be. Whilst there are certain peculiarities in the Ottonian scheme that might make numinous consciousness unusually resistant to conceptual and ideological mediation, it can be shown that androcentric epistemological and axiological structures make the experience intelligible and worthy of accommodation within a given patriarchal religious tradition. By contrast, contemporary gynocentric spiritualities in which women celebrate their psychobiological difference as itself a necessary medium of religious experience, have no interest in protecting the holy from the limitations of its immanence.

The Varieties of Religious Experience

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
William James
Keyword(s):  
Religious Experience ◽  
Religious Belief ◽  
Asking Questions ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Urgent Necessity

‘By their fruits ye shall know them, not by their roots.’ The Varieties of Religious Experience (1902) is William James’s classic survey of religious belief in its most personal, and often its most heterodox, aspects. Asking questions such as how we define evil to ourselves, the difference between a healthy and a divided mind, the value of saintly behaviour, and what animates and characterizes the mental landscape of sudden conversion, James’s masterpiece stands at a unique moment in the relationship between belief and culture. Faith in institutional religion and dogmatic theology was fading away, and the search for an authentic religion rooted in personality and subjectivity was a project conducted as an urgent necessity. With psychological insight, philosophical rigour, and a determination not to jump to the conclusion that in tracing religion’s mental causes we necessarily diminish its truth or value, in the Varieties James wrote a truly foundational text for modern belief. Matthew Bradley’s wide-ranging new edition examines the ideas that continue to fuel modern debates on atheism and faith.

Hegel's Conception of the Study of Human Nature

1970 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 32-47
Author(s):  
H. B. Acton
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Human Nature ◽  
Dialectical Materialism ◽  
Philosophy Of History ◽  
Formal Logic ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Royal Family ◽  
Dialectical Method ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
The Creation

It is easy to understand why Hegel's philosophy should be little studied by English-speaking philosophers today. Those who at the beginning of the twentieth century initiated the movement we are now caught up in presented their earliest philosophical arguments as criticisms of the prevailing Anglo-Hegelian views. It may now be thought illiberal to take much interest in this perhaps excusably slaughtered royal family, and positively reactionary to hanker after the foreign dynasty from which it sometimes claimed descent. Hegel was a systematic philosopher with a scope hardly to be found today, and men who, as we say, wish to keep up with their subject may well be daunted at the idea of having to understand a way of looking at philosophy which they suspect would not repay them for their trouble anyway. Furthermore, since Hegel wrote, formal logic has advanced in ways he could not have foreseen, and has, it seems to many, destroyed the whole basis of his dialectical method. At the same time, the creation of a science of sociology, it is supposed, has rendered obsolete the philosophy of history for which Hegel was at one time admired. In countries where there are Marxist intellectuals, Hegel does get discussed as the inadvertent forerunner of historical and dialectical materialism. But in England, where there is no such need or presence, there do not seem to be any very strong ideological reasons for discussing him. In what follows I shall be asking you to direct your thoughts to certain forgotten far-off things which I hope you will find historically interesting even if you do not agree with me that they give important clues for an understanding of human nature and human society.

Alien Internment in John Galsworthy’s ‘The Bright Side’ and ‘The Dog It was that Died’

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-61
Author(s):  
Jill Felicity Durey
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Short Stories ◽  
Human Nature ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Internment Camp ◽  
Bright Side ◽  
Second World ◽  
John Galsworthy

This article illuminates two short stories by John Galsworthy through examining them with the help of his diaries and letters, a handful of unpublished letters by his nephew from an internment camp and secondary historical sources. It argues that the stories, when read in conjunction with these sources, are highly revealing about human nature during Second World War and also about Galsworthy’s prescient fears concerning a second twentieth-century world war, which he did not live to see.

Rudolf Otto: Parallelen und Wertunterschiede im Christentum und Buddhatum

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-350
Author(s):  
Thomas Linke
Keyword(s):  
Philosophy Of Religion ◽  
Main Work ◽  
Detailed Explanation ◽  
Christian Perspective ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Rudolf Otto ◽  
First Time

Abstract This is a new (and for the first time complete) edition of a speech about Buddhism by Rudolf Otto from 1913. This speech is his first academic reflexion of his journey around the world and his most detailed explanation of his view on this religion. In the first part of his speech Otto compares Buddhism with Christianity and finds a lot of parallels. In the second part he defines differences between these two religions and proclaims – from a Christian perspective – Christianity as more valuable than Buddhism. The preface puts the speech into its context: Otto’s relationship to and his knowledge of Buddhism (1), the history of publication of this speech (2), Otto’s specific view on Buddhism in comparison to his contemporaries (3), the meaning of this speech in his œuvre (4) and explanations about the edition (5). The editor has the opinion, that this speech is an important transition from Ottos philosophy of religion to his main work The Idea of the Holy. It further is a good example of what Otto means when speaking about the comparison of religions.

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