scholarly journals Vigour tests as indicators of seed viability

Genetika ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirjana Milosevic ◽  
Milka Vujakovic ◽  
Djura Karagic
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Cold Test ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Species Determination ◽  
Seed Vigour ◽  
Physiological Tests

Seed marks the beginning of each plant production and therefore ensuring its quality is the priority of modern seed science and a prerequisite for obtaining high yields of all plant species. Determination of seed quality and its viability indicates what seed lots can be placed onto the market, and for that reason it is very important to have reliable methods and tests to be used for seed quality and seed vigour testing. The term vigour of viability is used to describe the physiological characteristics of seeds that control its ability to germinate rapidly in the soil and to tolerate various, mostly negative environmental factors. MCDONALD grouped vigour tests into three groups: Physical tests - determine seed characteristics such as size and mass. These tests are inexpensive, quick, can be applied to large number of samples, and are positively correlated with seed vigour. The main feature of seed development is accumulation of nutritive materials, which is also in direct correlation with vigour, i.e. with size and mass of seed; Physiological tests - using germination and growth parameters. There are two types of these tests. First type, when germination is done under favourable conditions (standard laboratory germination, and test of growth intensity). Second type, when seed is exposed to unfavourable environmental conditions (cold test, accelerated aging test, and Hiltner test); Biochemical tests - are considered as indirect methods for estimation of seed value. These are Tetrazolijum test, conductometric measurements, enzyme activity and respiration.

scholarly journals Effect of endosperm mutants on maize seed germination

Genetika ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zorica Pajic ◽  
Lana Djukanovic ◽  
Uros Eric
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Cold Test ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Germination Capacity ◽  
Maize Seed ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Endosperm Mutants

The expression of genetic potential of yielding and quality of a certain genotype depends among other factors on seed quality. Seed is very important not only for the reproduction of the particular plant species, but also, for the contemporary plant production. Each part of maize seed (pericarp endosperm and germ) has a specific function in the complex process of germination and emergence. The following three genotypes of different endosperm types were observed: ZPSC 42A (standard grain quality dent hybrid) ZPSC 504 su (sweet maize hybrid with a sugary gene) and ZPSyn.II sh2 (synthetic population with a shranken2 gene). Seed viability of the stated genotypes was determined by the accepted ISTA methods: standard method accelerating age and cold test. Obtained results point out to differences in the germination capacity of the observed genotypes. The greatest reduction of the germination capacity and the emergence rate was expressed by the application of the accelerating ageing method. Appeared differences are probably a result of the endosperm texture (type), grain weight, sugar content and pericarp thickens and composition.

scholarly journals Stressful Conditions Affect Seed Quality in Glyphosate Resistant Conyza bonariensis (L.)

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1706
Author(s):  
Gabriel da Silva Amaral ◽  
Ricardo Alcántara-de la Cruz ◽  
Flávia Regina da Costa ◽  
Cileide Maria Medeiros Coelho ◽  
Rafael De Prado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Shikimic Acid ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Glyphosate Resistance ◽  
Cold Test ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Stress Tests ◽  
Germination Potential ◽  
Conyza Bonariensis

Conyza bonariensis (L.) Cronquist is one of the main glyphosate-resistant weeds in no-till fields in Brazil. Here, the seed quality of glyphosate-resistant (R) and -susceptible (S) C. bonariensis biotypes, collected from different sites, was evaluated under stressful conditions by different seed tests. Glyphosate resistance was confirmed by dose-response and shikimate accumulation assays. The resistance factors were 6.9 (R1/S1), 4.5 (R2/S2), and 5.8 (R3/S3). Biotypes S1, S2, and S3 accumulated 2.7, 2.4, and 2.8 times more shikimic acid than biotypes R1, R2, and R3, respectively. Stress-free seed viability and germination potential ranged from 39% to 57% and from 37% to 57%, respectively, with no difference between R and S biotypes within each collection site. Seed incubation at 8 °C over 7 days (cold test) promoted greater germination in S biotypes (54% to 79%) compared to R ones (28% to 39%). In the accelerated aging tests (incubation at 42 °C over 48 hours), the germination decreased in both S (11% to 27%) and R (6% to 16%) biotypes. In the high-temperature stress tests, there were no differences in germination within biotypes at 35 and 45 °C; however, at 60 °C, the germination of the S1, R1, S2, R2, S3, and R3 biotypes was reduced by approximately 51%, 54%, 63%, 59%, 40%, and 30%, respectively. Under non-stressful conditions, germination potential and seed viability were similar in R and S biotypes; however, under cold or heat stress conditions, R biotypes reduced their germination rates, revealing that glyphosate resistance causes a fitness penalty in C. bonariensis at the seed level. However, because seed viability was not determined after experiments, it cannot be stated that such reduction in germination was due to the death or only a dormant phase of the seeds.

Effect of NPK on growth, yield and seed quality of hybrid Chilli

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-41
Author(s):  
M Hasan ◽  
M Robbani ◽  
R Parvin ◽  
MNH Mehedi ◽  
I Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Npk Fertilizers ◽  
Seed Vigour ◽  
Female Line ◽  
Long Time

An experiment was carried out at Germplasm Centre and Plant Biotechnology Lab, Department of Horticulture, PSTU to evaluate the growth, seed yield and quality of hybrid F1 chilli (cv. Sonic) crossing male line (LTSL-004-M) and female line (LTSL-004-F) along the viability of productive seeds influenced by NPK fertilizers during the period from November 2015 to October 2016. Ten different treatments of NPK fertilizers were used. Result showed that all the characteristics except primary branches and1000 seed weight were influenced significantly due to the application of NPK fertilizers. The tallest plant (69.88 cm), more leaves plant–1 (2491.33), highest number of secondary branches plant-1, tertiary branches plant-1 (5.00 and 88.00, respectively), number of flowers and hybrid fruits plant–1 (1533.00 and 12.33, respectively) and weight of seeds (4.03 g plant–1) along with required more time (54.67 days) for flowering were obtained from the application of 145 kg N ha–1, 175 kg P ha–1 and 96 kg K ha–1 (T4) which produced the highest final seed yield of chilli (4.03 kg ha–1). Application of T5 and T9 showed the highest number of primary branches (2.33). In seed viability characteristics T9 treated seeds showed the highest germination (100, 97.33 and 94.97%) at 1st, (1 MAH - Month After Harvest), 2nd (2 MAH) and 3rd (4 MAH) observations, respectively. The T3 treated seeds performed well in respect of Seed Vigour Index (SVI) at 1st and 2nd observations (8.00 and 7.48, respectively) but T9 treated seeds showed the highest SVI (6.32) at 3rd observation. Above indicating all characteristics were lowest under only recommended doses of NPK T1 as control treatment except days to first flowering. The observations suggested that production of hybrid chilli seeds could be enhanced by applying T4. While seeds of chilli treated by T9 in field level showed long time viable. Application of 145 kg N ha–1, 175 kg P ha–1 and 96 kg K ha–1 may be suggested for seed production of chilli and 110 kg N ha–1, + 175 kg P ha–1 + 115 kg K ha–1 for keeping the long time seed viability. Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech. 9 (1): 35-41, June, 2019

scholarly journals Treatment of rice seeds with thiamethoxam: reflections on physiological performance

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 458-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreia da Silva Almeida ◽  
Cristiane Deuner ◽  
Carolina Terra Borges ◽  
Géri Eduardo Meneghello ◽  
Adilson Jauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Cold Test ◽  
Rice Seed ◽  
Seedling Length ◽  
Rice Seeds ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
System Length

Thiamethoxam is a systemic insecticide that is transported within the plant through its cells and can activate various physiological reactions such as protein expression. These proteins interact with defense mechanisms against stress in adverse growing conditions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of thiamethoxam in rice seeds and the potential benefits that it can provide. Two experiments were carried out and, in both, seeds were treated with commercial product containing 350 g of thiamethoxam active ingredient per liter of product, at doses 0, 100, 200, 300 and 400 mL.100 kg-1 of seeds: 1) it was conducted with three lots of IRGA BR 424 cultivar rice seeds, which were submitted to the following laboratory tests: germination, cold test, accelerated aging test, as well as field assessment: total seedling length, root system length, number of panicles and productivity; 2) four lots of IRGA BR 424 cultivar rice seeds, two high and two low-vigor, were subjected to the following tests: germination, cold test and greenhouse seedling emergence test. Thiamethoxam rice seed treatment positively favors the seed quality.

scholarly journals Oil composition and physiological quality of niger seeds after drying

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. e44398
Author(s):  
Wellytton Darci Quequeto ◽  
Valdiney Cambuy Siqueira ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Domingues Nazario ◽  
Maria Heloisa Junqueira ◽  
Vanderleia Schoeninger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Cold Test ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Physiological Quality

With the depletion of fossil fuel resources accelerating the search for renewable energy sources, studies on agricultural products containing a significant amount of oil in their compositions have intensified. The objective of this work was to investigate the fatty acid profile and the physiological quality of the oil extracted from niger seeds dried at different temperatures. The seeds were dried at 40, 50, 60, and 70°C, until their moisture content reached 8.5 ± 1% (wet basis). The physiological properties of niger seeds were determined by assessing their germination, germination speed index, mean germination time, cold test, accelerated aging with a saturated solution, emergence percentage, and emergence speed index. The quality of the oil was evaluated using gas chromatography, based on the fatty acid profile. We concluded that drying air temperatures of 40 and 50°C did not compromise the physiological quality of niger seeds. However, the 70°C drying temperature seriously impaired seed quality. The drying temperatures that were used in this study did not substantially alter the fatty acid profile of niger oil.

scholarly journals Seed quality of common bean accessions under organic and conventional farming systems1

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Medeiros Gindri ◽  
Cileide Maria Medeiros Coelho ◽  
Clovis Arruda Souza ◽  
Isaac Heberle ◽  
Heitor Amadeu Prezzi
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Cold Test ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Conventional Farming ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Organic And Conventional Farming

ABSTRACT Agrobiodiversity is essential for a sustainable food production, and the knowledge of the potential characteristics of landrace seeds may prompt farmers to adopt the habit of seed conservation for this species. This study aimed at categorizing landrace and commercial common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) accessions, according to the physiological quality (viability and vigor) of seeds produced in the field, during two growing seasons, under organic and conventional farming systems. Germination percentage, field emergence, electrical conductivity, accelerated aging, cold test and seedling length were assessed. The landrace bean accessions exhibit diversity in the physiological seed quality, in terms of their viability and vigor. No differences were observed between the farming systems, in relation to the physiological quality of the seeds produced. The categorization of landrace common bean accessions allows to identify those with superior physiological seed quality.

scholarly journals Quality of maize seeds harvested and husked at high moisture levels

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 276-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valquíria de Fátima Ferreira ◽  
João Almir Oliveira ◽  
Thaís Francielle Ferreira ◽  
Leandro Vilela Reis ◽  
Vanessa de Andrade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Mechanical Damage ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Cold Test ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Maize Seeds ◽  
Seed Moisture ◽  
Seed Health Test

Harvest of maize seeds with high moisture levels has been recommended; nevertheless, after harvest, the ears undergo the process of husking and there is a need to assess the compatibility of these processes. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of mechanical husking on the quality of maize seeds collected at high moisture levels. Dent BM 3061 hybrid maize seeds, manually collected from the ear, with moisture contents of 45%, 40% and 35%, and a 20/64 round sieve were used. The ears were mechanically husked (CWA machine, 312 rpm), dried in a stationary drier at 35 ⁰C until reaching 22% moisture, followed by drying at 42 ºC until reaching 12%. Then, they underwent shelling, followed by a chemical treatment with Maxin® + K-obiol® + Actellic®. Seed quality was assessed according to the occurrence tests of mechanical damage, first count, germination, seedling emergence, emergence speed index, average emergence time, electrical conductivity, accelerated aging, cold test, and seed health test at every quarter for 9 months. The mechanical husking affects maize seed quality, depending on the degree of seed moisture at harvest and on the material studied. This hybrid's seeds can be collected with seed moisture levels at 40% with the use of mechanical husking.

scholarly journals Assessment of the physiological potential of super sweet corn seeds

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 340-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Oliveira Alvarenga ◽  
Julio Marcos-Filho ◽  
Tathiana Silva Timóteo
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Cold Test ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Corn Seed ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Seedling Length

The assessment of physiological potential is essential in seed quality control programs. This study compared the sensitivity of different procedures for evaluating super sweet corn seed vigor, focusing on the primary root protrusion test. Six seed lots, each of the SWB 551 and SWB 585 hybrids, were used. Seed physiological potential was evaluated by germination and vigor tests (speed of germination, traditional and saturated salt accelerated aging, cold test, seedling length, seedling emergence and primary root protrusion). Primary root protrusion was evaluated every 12 hours at 15 °C, 20 °C and 25 °C using two criteria (primary root protrusion and seedlings at the 2 mm root stage). It was concluded that the primary root protrusion test at 15 °C can evaluate super sweet corn seed vigor by counting the number of seedlings at the 2 mm root stage.

scholarly journals Viability of soybean seed produced under different agro-meteorological conditions in Vojvodina

Genetika ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 625-638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milka Vujakovic ◽  
Svetlana Balesevic-Tubic ◽  
Dusica Jovicic ◽  
Ksenija Taski-Ajdukovic ◽  
Dragana Petrovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Test ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Cold Test ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
High Soil Moisture ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Accelerated Aging Test ◽  
High Germination

At the time of soybean seed sowing in the field, a high soil moisture, low soil and air temperatures, and crasts formation may occur, which can lead to slow germination, poor seedling establishment, and in some cases to loss of seed vigor. Due to the importance and prevalence of soybean the aim of this study was to determine the quality and seed viability of different genotypes produced at three locations in Vojvodina during 2009 and 2010. Eight soybean varieties (Afrodita, Valjevka, Balkan, Novosadjanka, Ravnica, Ana, Vojvodjanka and Venera) produced in Vrbas, Senta and Indjija during 2009 and 2010 were tested. Seed germination was determined using Standard laboratory test, and vigor tests (cold test, and accelerated aging test). Studied genotypes baheved differently in different years and at different localities. Genotype Venera achieved high germination values in all applied tests in 2009, while genotype Afrodita had high values of the tested parameter when conventional laboratory test was applied, and the lowest values were recorded when vigor tests were applied. Values obtained in 2010 when all tests were applied were above the prescribed minimum. Locality of Vrbas proved to be more favorable for seed production in relation to localities of Indjija and Senta due to better rainfall distribution.

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