scholarly journals Evaluation of sunflower grain yield components under different levels of soil water stress in Azerbaijan

Genetika ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 581-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esmaeel Gholinezhad ◽  
Reza Darvishzadeh ◽  
Iraj Bernousi
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Severe Stress ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Irrigation Condition ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
Cropping Seasons ◽  
West Azerbaijan ◽  
Water Treatments

In order to study yield and yield components of sunflower landraces under water deficit conditions, an experiment was conducted in the experimental field of Agricultural Research Center, West-Azerbaijan in 2012-2013 cropping seasons. The selected genotypes were evaluated in a rectangular 7 ? 8 lattice design with two replications. They were treated by three irrigation scenarios including optimum irrigation, moderate stress and severe stress where irrigation was done after depletion of 50%, 70% and 90% of available water, respectively. A number of 56 confectionary sunflower landraces were investigated in this experiment. The results of combined analyzes showed that the single and combined effect of water treatments and genotypes on the majority of traits under study were significant. With increasing the severity of drought stress, grain yield, kernel to grain ratio, number of seeds per head, head diameter, 1000-seed?s weight, biological yield and harvest index decreased while the hollowness percentage increased. Among the studied landraces, the highest grain yield was obtained from 'Angane 4' in optimum irrigation condition whereas in moderate and severe stress, 'Garagoz 1' and 'Salmas-Sadaghian' produced higher grain yield than the other landraces, respectively. At each level of irrigation, genotypes had different responses so that the suitable genotypes could be chosen for different conditions.

scholarly journals Evaluation of yield, yield components and nutritive value in intercropping of Barley with Vetch

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 373-379
Author(s):  
Bijan Kahraryan ◽  
Farhad Farahvash ◽  
Soleyman Mohammadi ◽  
Bahram Mirshekari ◽  
Varharam Rashidi
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Land Equivalent Ratio ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
Cropping Seasons

To evaluate some agronomic properties and forage characteristics in the intercropping of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and vetch (Vicia ervilia L.), an experiment was conducted during 2014-2016 cropping seasons. A randomized complete block design with four replications was used. Intercropping patterns included 80% barley+ 20% vetch, 60% barley+ 40% vetch, 40% barley + 60% vetch and 20% barley + 80% vetch along with the sole culture of both crops (100% barley and100% vetch). The result showed that the highest value of plant height, grain number, thousand-grain weight, biological yield, grain yield and harvest in barley was observed from 80% barley + 20% vetch intercropping ratio, however, for vetch, it was detected from 100% vetch. Furthermore, the highest land equivalent ratio was obtained from 80% barley+ 20% vetch. Based on the results, the highest crude protein content and dry matter digestibility were observed in sole cropped vetch, whereas the highest neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber were recorded in sole cropped barley. These results suggested that intercropped barley and vetch as 80% barley + 20% vetch ameliorated the grain yield and yield components, and forage quality compared to other intercropping ratios.

scholarly journals Genetic variability, character association and diversity analyses for economic traits in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Pratap ◽  
PK Singh ◽  
R Shekhar ◽  
SK Soni ◽  
AK Mall
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Selection Strategy ◽  
Economic Traits ◽  
Character Association ◽  
Yield And Yield Components ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
High Yielding Varieties

One hundred high yielding rice genotypes were evaluated to determine character association, variability and diversity for grain yield, yield components and quality characters. High estimates of heritability, genetic advance, genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of variation were recorded for panicle hill-1, flag leaf area and grain yield hill-1. Majority of the traits showed significant and positive associations between yield and yield components like biological yield hill-1 followed by harvest-index as most important traits which need due consideration at the time of devising selection strategy. Thus, presence of several contrasting types of inter-relationships simultaneously would bring improvement in others due to correlated responses. Path analysis might have resulted into cancellation of contrasting associations by each other which ultimately lead to lowering of the net impact. This suggested that selection would be quite efficient in improving yield and yield components in context of germplasm evaluated. The crossing between superior genotypes of above diverse cluster pairs may provide desirable transgressive segregants for developing high yielding varieties of aromatic and non-aromatic rice. Thus, hybridization of Swarna of cluster XI with promising genotypes of cluster VI (Narendra 118, Vandana, Narendra 1, Akashi and Narendra 97) is recommended. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sja.v10i2.18326 SAARC J. Agri., 10(2): 83-94 (2012)

scholarly journals Grain Yield and Yield Components of Quality Protein Maize Genotypes as Influenced by Irrigation and Plant Population in the Nigerian Savannah

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 166 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. M. Sani ◽  
I. U. Abubakar ◽  
A. M. Falaki ◽  
H. Mani ◽  
M. M. Jaliya
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Quality Protein Maize ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Yield And Yield Components

An experiment was conducted to assess the yield and yield components of QPM genotypes to plant population under irrigated conditions in a semi arid ecology of Northern Nigeria. Field trials were conducted at the Irrigation Research Station, Institute for Agricultural Research, Kadawa (11° 39'N, 08° 20'E) and 500 m above sea level) during dry seasons 2007, 2008 and 2009 to study the effect of (Zea mays L.) genotypes (TZE-W Pop X 1368, EV-DT W99 STR and DMR-ESRW), four plant population (33333, 44444, 55555 and 66666 plants ha-1) and three irrigation scheduling (40, 60 and 80 centibars soil moisture tension) on the growth and yield of quality protein maize. A split plot design was used with combinations of genotypes and irrigation regimes assigned to the main plot and plant population assigned to the sub-plot. The treatments were replicated three times. The study revealed that genotype EV-DT W99 STR had significantly higher weight of ears per plant, cob length, cob diameter, number of rows per cob, 100 grain weight, grain yield, shelling percentage and harvest index than the other two genotypes used in the trial. Irrigating at 40 and 60 centibars significantly increased weight of ears per plant, while delayed irrigation significantly depressed total dry matter production. Based on the results obtained in this study, it can be concluded that the use of genotype EV-DT W99 STR, at 60 centibars irrigation scheduling and population of 55,555 plants ha-1 had resulted in good agro-physiological characters of QPM at Kadawa.

scholarly journals Soybean yield and yield components affected by the mycorrhiza and bradyrhizobium at different rates of starter nitrogen fertilizer

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (4Supl1) ◽  
pp. 2409
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ali Aboutalebian ◽  
Masoumeh Malmir
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Mycorrhizal Symbiosis ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Yield And Yield Components ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
Number Of Leaves

In order to study interaction between mycorrhiza and bradyrhizobium on yield of soybean under different amounts of starter nitrogen fertilizer, a field experiment was conducted at the agricultural research station, Bu-Ali Sina University in 2015 growing season. A factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design was arranged with three replications. Experiment factors covering three levels of starter nitrogen of 0, 30 and 60 kg ha-1, bradyrhizobiumin two level of inoculated and non-inoculated and mycorrhiza including application and non-application levels. Results indicated that plant height, number of leaves per plant, yield and yield components and biological yield and mycorrhizal symbiosis percent affected by interaction of studied factors significantly. Maximum number of pod per plant achieved from combination of 30 kg Nitrogen and bradyrhizobium. Also both bio-fertilizer was able to increase number of pod per plant. Maximum 1000 seed weight obtained from inoculation of plants with bradyrhizobium and mycorrhiza simultaneously with no nitrogen utilization. Application of 60 kg ha-1 nitrogen caused to decreased mycorrhizal symbiosis about 20.22 percent in comparison with no use of starter fertilizer. Application bradyrhizobium and mycorrhiza under the application of 30 kg ha-1 nitrogen, produced the highest grain yield (511.67 g m-2) and biological yield (1223.16 g m-2).

Physiological Basis of Yield Differences in Quality Protein Maize Genotypes of Different Maturity Groups

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Olasoji, Julius Oluseyi ◽  
Ajayi, Sunday Adesola
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Quality Protein Maize ◽  
Physiological Basis ◽  
Maize Genotypes ◽  
Southwest Nigeria ◽  
Ear Height ◽  
Cropping Seasons ◽  
Maturity Groups

Yield performance of early maturing maize (Zea mays L.) varieties in the rainforest agroecology of southwest Nigeria, is lower than that of intermediate varieties  and that there was no yield advantage in the late varieties over the intermediate maturing varieties. However, the physiological basis of yield differences is yet to be fully investigated. This study was carried out to investigate the physiological basis underlying yield differences in quality protein maize genotypes of different maturity groups. Field experiment was conducted as randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates at Institute of Agricultural Research and Training, Obafemi Awolowo University, Moor Plantation, Ibadan during 2013 and 2014 cropping seasons. The results indicated that season influenced days to 50% Anthesis (DTA), days to 50% silking (DTS), anthesis silking interval (ASI), plant height (PLHT), ear height (EHT), ear per plant (EPP), ear aspect (EASP), kernel width (KWDT) and grain yield (GYD). Maturity groups also influenced DTA, DTS, PASP, PLHT, EHT, and with no effect on GYD. The overall mean grain yields across seasons were 4.44, 4.16, 3.64 and 3.36 t/ha for season 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively.  It was concluded from this study that all the maturity groups used had similar grain yield.

Yield components of nodulated cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) and maize (Zea mays) plants grown with exogenous phosphorus in different cropping systems

2007 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick A. Ndakidemi ◽  
Felix D. Dakora
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Land Area ◽  
Cropping Seasons ◽  
Number Of Seeds

A 2-factorial experiment, involving three levels of phosphorus (0, 40, and 80 kg/ha) and four cropping systems (mono crop, maize–cowpea inter-row, maize–cowpea intra-row, and maize–cowpea intra-hole cropping) was conducted in the field for two consecutive years in 2003 and 2004 at Nietvoorbij (33°54′S, 18°14′E), Stellenbosch, South Africa. Plant density (number of plants per hectare) was 166 666 for sole cowpea, 111 111 for maize–cowpea inter-row, 55 555 for maize–cowpea intra-row and 55 555 for maize–cowpea intra-hole cropping. Applying 40 or 80 kg phosphorus (P)/ha significantly increased cowpea grain yields by 59–65% in 2003 and 44–55% in 2004. With maize, the increases in grain yield were 20–37% in 2003 and 48–55% in 2004 relative to the zero-P control. In both cropping seasons, the number of pod-bearing peduncles per plant, the number of pods per plant, the number of seeds per pod, and grain yield per cowpea plant were significantly increased with the application of exogenous P. In contrast, the number of pod-bearing peduncles per plant, the number of pods per plant, the number of seeds per pod, and the grain yield per plant were all significantly depressed by mixed culture relative to mono crop cowpea. There was also a significant interactive effect of P and cropping system on cowpea, such that, all cowpea yield components were generally lower in intercrop relative to mono crop. In all instances, the yield component of mono crop cowpea and, to some extent, inter-row cowpea, were markedly increased by the provision of 40 or 80 kg P/ha relative to the zero-P control. Intercropping maize with cowpea produced higher total yields per unit land area than the mono crop counterpart.

scholarly journals Divergence analysis of drought tolerant Genotypes of Wheat (Triticum astivum L.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-396
Author(s):  
MA Zaman ◽  
MNA Siddquie ◽  
M Mahbubur Rahman ◽  
MY Abida ◽  
MJ Islam
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
Component Loading

Thirty genotypes of wheat were grown in an Alpha Lattice Design with three replications for evaluation and divergence analysis. Seeds were sown on 24 November 2011 at Regional Wheat Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Shyampur, Rajshahi. Significant variation was observed among the genotypes and these are grouped into six clusters. Clusters III and VI were comprised of maximum number of genotypes (6) followed by clusters I, IV, and V with 5 genotypes and the minimum genotypes (3) were in cluster II. The maximum inter-cluster distance was recorded between the Cluster VI and Cluster II followed by cluster III and Cluster II, which indicates that genotypes belonging to these distant clusters could be used in hybridization programme for getting a wide spectrum of variation among the segregates. The minimum intercluster distance was found between the Cluster IV and Cluster I followed by that of Cluster V and Cluster IV. The maximum intra-cluster distance was recorded in Cluster II, consisted of three genotypes of diverse origin followed by Cluster V consisting of five genotypes which indicated that the genotypes of these clusters might have considerable diversity among themselves. While the minimum distance was computed in Cluster I composed of five genotypes which indicated that these genotypes were genetically very close to each other. Considering the eigenvalues of all principal component analysis the PC1, PC2, PC3, PC4, and PC5 with values contributed 30.78%, 20.11%, 17.75%, 10.93%, and 7.63%, respectively, of the total variation. The results revealed from the present study that the first principal component had high positive component loading from grains/spike and high negative loading from grain yield. Considering the clusters mean value, the genotype of Cluster II and VI are most divergent and maximum heterosis and wide variability in genetic architecture may be expected from the crosses between the genotypes belonged to these clusters. More specifically the cluster II could be selected for dwarf in nature, early heading and maturity and bold grain size. The genotypes from the cluster IV could be selected for maximum spikes/m2 and maximum grain yield. The positive value of both vectors for days to heading and spikes/m2 indicated that these traits had the highest contribution towards divergence among the 30 drought tolerant wheat genotypes. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v39i3.21982 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 39(3): 385-396, September 2014

Grain yield stability of barley genotypes in uniform regional yield trails in warm and semi warm dry land area

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Khanzadeh ◽  
Behroz Vaezi ◽  
Rahmatolah Mohammadi ◽  
Asghar Mehraban1 ◽  
Tahmaseb Hosseinpor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Gge Biplot ◽  
Ge Interaction ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Biplot Analysis ◽  
Ammi Model ◽  
Cropping Seasons ◽  
Ideal Genotype ◽  
Better Than

The aim of this study was to assess the effect of GEI on grain yield of barley advanced lines and exploit the positive GEI effect using AMMI and SREG GGE biplot analysis. Therefore, 18 lines were evaluated at five research stations (Ghachsaran, Mogan, Lorestan, Gonbad and Ilam) of Dryland Agricultural Research Institute (DARI), in the semi-warm regions in Iran, in 2012, 2013 and 2014 cropping seasons under rain-fed conditions. Analysis of variance showed that grain yield variation due to the environments, genotypes and GE interaction were highly significant (p>0.01), which accounted for 68.9%, 9.3% and 22.7% of the treatment combination sum of squares, respectively. To determine the effects of GEI on yields, the data were subjected to AMMI and GGE biplot analysis. The first five AMMI model terms were highly significant (p>0.01) and the first two terms explained 59.56% of the GEI. There were two mega-environments according to the SREG GGE model. The best genotype in one location was not always the best in other test locations. According to AMMI1 biplot, G2, G4, G5 and G6 were better than all other genotypes across environments. G2 was the ideal genotype to plant in Gachsaran. It seems that Ghachsaran is the stable environment between the environments studied and next in rank was Gonbad. In finally, the ATC method indicated that G1, G3, G4 and G6 were more stable as well as high yielding.

Influence of nipping and foliar application of nutrients on growth and yield of chickpea in rain-fed condition

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ejaz Ahmad Khan ◽  
Iqtidar Hussain ◽  
Sheryar . ◽  
Hafiz Bashir Ahmad ◽  
Iqbal Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
1000 Grain Weight ◽  
Number Of Branches

Although,chickpea isnitrogen fixing crop but water scarcity under rain-fed condition reduces its nodulation process severely and nutrients use efficiency too. An experiment was carried out regarding the combined effect of nipping as well as foliar applied fertilizers on yield and yield components of chickpea under rain-fed conditions. Nipping and foliar application of nutrients significantly improved number of pods plant-1, biological yield (kg ha-1), harvest index (%) and final grain yield (kg ha-1). However, non-significant influence was seen in 1000-grain weight and number of grains pod-1. Foliar application of N PK (20:20:20) @2.5 kg ha-1 × nipping was found to be the best interaction among others which significantly increased number of branches plant-1 (11.30), number of pods plant-1(115.36), plant height(59.48cm) and grain yield(2338.9 kg ha-1) as compared to the control treatment. Nipping along with foliar application of NPKcan be practiced in chickpea for higher profitability.

scholarly journals Diallel Analysis and Heritability of Grain Yield, Yield Components, and Maturity Traits in Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Yaw Owusu ◽  
Haruna Mohammed ◽  
Kulai Amadu Manigben ◽  
Joseph Adjebeng-Danquah ◽  
Francis Kusi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Diallel Analysis ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Cowpea Varieties ◽  
Pedigree Selection

Information on combining ability and reciprocal effects (REC) facilitates efficient utilization of genetic materials in a breeding program. This study was conducted (at the CSIR-Savanna Agricultural Research Institute, Ghana) to determine general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA), heritability, genetic advance, GCA, and SCA effects as well as the relationship between parents per se performance and progenies for yield components and maturity traits in cowpea. The test populations were derived using a 5 × 5 complete diallel cross of parents with different yield attributes and maturity durations. The results indicated that GCA was predominant for number of days to 90% pod maturity, plant height at maturity, and hundred-seed weight. This showed that genes with additive effects conditioned these traits. Padi-Tuya, Songotra, and IT86D-610 were identified as good general combiners for grain yield, while Sanzi-Nya was identified as a general combiner for developing extra-early duration cowpea varieties. Crosses Songotra × Sanzi-Nya, SARC-1-57-2 × IT86D-610, Songotra × SARC-1-57-2, and Padi-Tuya × Songotra were identified as good specific combiners for days to 50% flowering, pod length, pods per plant, pod yield, grain yield, and seeds per pod. The findings from this study provide useful information on the inheritance of early maturity and yield traits in cowpea. This can be exploited to develop high yielding and early maturing cowpea varieties as climate smart strategy to mitigate climate change via breeding methods such as pedigree selection and marker assisted backcrossing (MABC). Pedigree selection method is being used to develop varieties from the hybrid with high and significant SCA for grain yield, whereas the development of extra-early duration varieties via MABC with Sanzi-Nya (general combiner for earliness traits) as a donor parent is ongoing.

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