scholarly journals The most frequent 'rusts' on trees and shrubs in Serbia

2003 ◽  
pp. 77-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragan Karadzic ◽  
Tanja Milijasevic
Keyword(s):  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Economic Significance ◽  
Obligate Parasites ◽  
First Time ◽  
Trees And Shrubs

This paper describes 15 species of fungi in the order Uredinales, causing the diseases known as "rusts". These fungi develop as obligate parasites and cause very dangerous diseases on cultivated plants. Among the "rusts" occurring on the trees, the following rusts are of special economic significance Melampsorella caryophyllacearum (rust on fir), Cronartium flaccidum (rust on two-needle pines) and Melampsora species (rusts on poplars). Fungi Chrysomyxa pirolata, Pucciniastrum epilobii, Gymnosporangium clavariiforme and G. tremelloides have been identified for the first time in Serbia.

scholarly journals The assessment of woody plants vital state in the landscaping of Ishim

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 142-147
Author(s):  
Olga E. Tokar
Keyword(s):  
Woody Plants ◽  
Current State ◽  
Quantitative Characteristics ◽  
Vital State ◽  
Total Composition ◽  
Vitality Index ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Town ◽  
Trees And Shrubs ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Characteristics

This paper analyzes the current state of landscaping in Ishim. The data on the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of woody plants have been obtained for the first time; the assessment of trees and shrubs state is based on the analysis of the vitality index. A database of green plants within 21 objects in Ishim was created and analyzed. The paper also contains data on the species diversity of trees and shrubs in Ishim. It turned out that the objects under study have trees and shrubs placed in special dividing strips, linearly, in rows or in small compact groups, less often they are planted singly. The species composition is represented by 47 species from 28 genera, 16 families and 2 divisions. The biomorphological structure is represented by trees (25, or 53% of species) and shrubs (22, or 47% of species). The total composition of tree and shrub plantations, determined by the number of trunks (bushes) and the percentage of woody plants, is 2854; the composition of the preserved ones is 2 815 (99%) pieces; the ones assigned for removal are 39 (1%) pcs. The vitality index shows that among 85% of the studied objects of the town at the time of the survey were healthy, among 10% of the objects they were qualified as damaged, among 5% of them were severely damaged. Based on the results of examining crowns and trunks of woody plants, signs of diseases and pests, a plan of measures for the treatment, restoration and preservation of woody plants was drawn up and recommendations were given for caring, sanitary felling and removal of single specimens.

scholarly journals Human fascioliasis infection sources, their diversity, incidence factors, analytical methods and prevention measures

Parasitology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 145 (13) ◽  
pp. 1665-1699 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Mas-Coma ◽  
M. D. Bargues ◽  
M. A. Valero
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
The Past ◽  
Urban Markets ◽  
Human Fascioliasis ◽  
Questionnaire Surveys ◽  
First Time

AbstractHuman fascioliasis infection sources are analysed for the first time in front of the new worldwide scenario of this disease. These infection sources include foods, water and combinations of both. Ingestion of freshwater wild plants is the main source, with watercress and secondarily other vegetables involved. The problem of vegetables sold in uncontrolled urban markets is discussed. Distinction between infection sources by freshwater cultivated plants, terrestrial wild plants, and terrestrial cultivated plants is made. The risks by traditional local dishes made from sylvatic plants and raw liver ingestion are considered. Drinking of contaminated water, beverages and juices, ingestion of dishes and soups and washing of vegetables, fruits, tubercles and kitchen utensils with contaminated water are increasingly involved. Three methods to assess infection sources are noted: detection of metacercariae attached to plants or floating in freshwater, anamnesis in individual patients, and questionnaire surveys in endemic areas. The infectivity of metacercariae is reviewed both under field conditions and experimentally under the effects of physicochemical agents. Individual and general preventive measures appear to be more complicated than those considered in the past. The high diversity of infection sources and their heterogeneity in different countries underlie the large epidemiological heterogeneity of human fascioliasis throughout.

scholarly journals Comparative Metabolite Profiling of Wild and Cultivated Justicia procumbens L. Based on 1H-NMR Spectroscopy and HPLC-DAD Analysis

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 860
Author(s):  
Hyunyong Lee ◽  
Jihyun Jeon ◽  
Joobyoung Yoon ◽  
Seung-Hwan Kim ◽  
Hyun Sik Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
1H Nmr ◽  
1H Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Phase I Clinical Trials ◽  
Marker Compound ◽  
Nmr Data ◽  
Asthma Drug ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents ◽  
First Time

Justicia procumbens L. is known across Korea, India, China, and Taiwan as a remedy against fever, cough, sore throat, and cirrhosis of ascites. J. procumbens provides the raw material for a candidate anti-asthma drug (DW2008S) currently completing phase I clinical trials sponsored by Dong Wha Pharmaceutical Company. HPLC-DAD was used to quantify phytochemical constituents of J. procumbens, and HPLC and 1H-NMR results were assessed by multivariate analysis. This is the first time a comparative study using HPLC-DAD and NMR fingerprints has been applied to identify chemical differences between wild and cultivated J. procumbens. The amount of justicidin B as the marker compound was higher in cultivated samples (0.80 ± 0.25 mg/g) than in wild ones (0.63 ± 0.30 mg/g). Orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) from HPLC and NMR data revealed that there were clear differences between wild and cultivated types and identified five secondary metabolites, which could help distinguish between wild and cultivated plants. Among these five lignans, diphyllin showed the most potent discrimination between two types and was significantly detected higher in cultivated ones than in wild ones. A combination of 1H-NMR and HPLC-DAD analysis is effective for J. procumbens standardization and metabolomics studies.

On the Synonymy and Biology of the Strawberry Aphis, Capitophorus fragariae, Theo. (1912)

1937 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 409-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. E. H. Hodson
Keyword(s):  
Related Species ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Economic Significance ◽  
First Time

1. Reference is made to the proven capacity of aphides of the genus Capitophorus to transmit virus disease among strawberries, and attention is drawn to the confusion existing as to the actual synonymy of the insect principally concerned.2. For the first time sexual and asexual forms of the species commonly present in England have been observed together. Evidence is considered which suggests that the aphis is Capitophorus fragariae, Theo., and that American forms are in reality other, but closely related, species.3. The incidence of the aphis in the field is considered, and the biology as observed in field and laboratory is discussed.4. The economic significance of the aphis is referred to, and attention is drawn to the practical difficulties attending efforts to keep it in control, particularly in commercial strawberry-growing areas.

scholarly journals Alien leaf beetles of European Russia: native ranges, invasion history, biology and vectors of dispersal

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej O. Bieńkowski ◽  
Marina J. Orlova-Bienkowskaja
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Leaf Beetle ◽  
European Russia ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Invasion History ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
Leaf Beetles ◽  
Economic Significance

AbstractInvasions of leaf beetles are of great ecological and economic significance, but poorly studied. The rate of these invasions in Europe is dramatically increasing. Some established species spread quickly occupying almost the whole continent within several decades. We present the first inventory of alien leaf beetles of European Russia. For each species the map of distribution is provided and the history of invasion in the world is discussed. Two species native to Mediterranean Region: Chrysolina americana (pest of Rosmarinus and Lavandula) and Leptomona erythrocephala feeding on Lotus corniculatus are recorded in European Russia for the first time. A polyphagous pest of floriculture Luperomorpha xanthodera native to China and Korea and pest of soybeans Medythia nigrobilineata native to East Asia were recorded in 2016. A pest of tobacco Epitrix hirtipennis native to North America was recorded in 2013. A pest of corn Diabrotica virgifera was intercepted at the border of Russia in 2011, but is not established. Three alien species were recorded in the 20th century: Zygogramma suturalis introduced from North America for control of Ambrosia, Phyllotreta reitteri native to Afghanistan and Tajikistan and feeding on Lepidium latifolium, and the Colorado potato beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata. The Black Sea region is more prone to leaf beetle invasions than other regions of European Russia. Leaf beetles usually occur only on alien or cultivated plants. Some species feed on native plants in native communities. So it is difficult to distinguish species established before the 20th century from native ones.

scholarly journals Дискриминация хвойных и лиственных листьев деревьев и кустарников от декоративно-искусственных материалов методом оптической спектроскопии диффузного отражения света

2020 ◽  
Vol 128 (2) ◽  
pp. 290
Author(s):  
Ю.В. Мамелин ◽  
Г.Ф. Копытов ◽  
В.Ю. Бузько
Keyword(s):  
Diffuse Reflectance ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Vegetation Indices ◽  
Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Light Reflection ◽  
Diffuse Light ◽  
Artificial Materials ◽  
Krasnodar Region ◽  
First Time ◽  
Trees And Shrubs

The article was the first time investigation the spectra of diffuse light reflection from coniferous and deciduous green leaves of trees and shrubs that growing in the Krasnodar region territory. The obtained spectral data were compared with the spectra of diffuse light reflection from green synthetic decorative and artificial leaves and various camouflage materials. The use of vegetation indices of "greenness" to discriminate coniferous and deciduous leaves of trees and shrubs from decorative and artificial materials by optical diffuse reflectance spectroscopy was proposed.

scholarly journals INVESTIGATION OF NATIVE ORNAMENTAL RESOURCES IN MOUNT HUANGSHAN (EASTERN CHINA)

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 681b-681
Author(s):  
Shujun YU
Keyword(s):  
Eastern China ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Rare And Endangered Species ◽  
Landscape Plants ◽  
Natural Beauty ◽  
Rare And Endangered ◽  
Old Trees ◽  
First Time ◽  
Trees And Shrubs

The author investigated, recorded, observed and analyzed the major wildflowers in Mount Huangshan---the natural and cultural heritages listed by the ESC0 of UN for the first time. On the basis of their desirable characteristics, more than 300 wild ornamental species are divided into 8 categories -–-historical old trees, rare and endangered species, evergreen ornamentals, blooming trees and shrubs, plants with colored foliage and fruit in fall, vines, herbaceous ornamentals and ground covers, and ornamental ferns. Mount Huangshan is one of the richest regions of native ornamentals in Eastern China and the most famous natural beauty in Pan-China. There are about 1500 wild landscape plants in and around it. Finally the paper puts forth some proposals and methods for introduction and utilization of wild ornamental plants. That is, investigation, classification,acclimatization and cultivation of them, and building a sort-out botanical garden for the germplasmic preservation and the flourishing landscape tourism.

scholarly journals Phytoseiid mites from Basilicata region (Southern Italy): species diversity, redescription of Typhloseiulus arzakanicus Arutunjan and a dichotomic key of the genus Typhloseiulus Chant and McMurtry 1994 (Parasitiformes, Phytoseiidae)

Acarologia ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 805-821
Author(s):  
Haralabos Tsolakis ◽  
Ernesto Ragusa
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Phytoseiid Mites ◽  
Kampimodromus Aberrans ◽  
Euseius Finlandicus ◽  
Basilicata Region ◽  
First Time

A survey of phytoseiid mites was carried out in the Basilicata region (Southern Italy) between 1976 and 2014 on wild and cultivated plants. A total of 38 species belonging to eleven genera and two subgenera were found on 59 plant species. The most common species was Euseius finlandicus (Oudemans) (39%) followed by Typhlodromus (Typhlodromus) exhilaratus Ragusa (32.2%), Kampimodromus aberrans (Oudemans) (27.1%), Typhlodromus (Anthoseius) cryptus (Athias-Henriot) (23.7%). Typhloseiulus arzakanicus (Arutunjan), found for first time in Italy, is redescribed here, while the male of this species is described for the first time. A dichotomic key of the species belonging to the genus Typhloseiulus is also given.

scholarly journals Review of Afrotropical sceliotracheline parasitoid wasps (Hymenoptera, Platygastridae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 87 ◽  
pp. 115-222
Author(s):  
Simon van Noort ◽  
Zachary Lahey ◽  
Elijah J. Talamas ◽  
Andrew D. Austin ◽  
Lubomir Masner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South African ◽  
Parasitoid Wasps ◽  
Western Cape ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Identification Keys ◽  
Economic Significance ◽  
Afrotropical Region ◽  
High Resolution Images ◽  
First Time

The platygastrid subfamily Sceliotrachelinae, while represented globally by numerous biologically important taxa, is generally poorly known for the Afrotropical region. It contains a number of species of economic significance, including some that attack hemipteran pests of citrus. Here we review the taxonomy of the subfamily for the region. We revise two enigmatic, endemic South African genera, Afrisolia Masner and Huggert and Sceliotrachelus Brues, providing illustrated identification keys to the species. Afrisolia anyskop van Noort & Lahey, sp. nov., Afrisolia quagga van Noort & Lahey, sp. nov. and Afrisolia robertsoni van Noort & Lahey, sp. nov. are described for this previously monotypic genus. Sceliotrachelus was previously known only from the two male type specimens of Sceliotrachelus braunsi Brues. Two new species, Sceliotrachelus midgleyi van Noort, sp. nov. and Sceliotrachelus karooensis van Noort, sp. nov., are described from the Eastern and Western Cape, respectively. The female of S. braunsi is described for the first time and additional distribution records for the species are documented. The putatively basal species, S. karooensis, exhibits less derived morphology than the highly apomorphic S. braunsi, necessitating reassessment of the limits of the genus. The exceptional morphology exhibited by species of Sceliotrachelus is hypothesized to be an adaptation to living in leaf-litter. We also revise the Old World species of Parabaeus Kieffer, describing a remarkable new species, Parabaeus nasutus van Noort, sp. nov., and provide an illustrated and updated key to the species. Fidiobia Ashmead is currently represented in Africa by seven described species to which we add Fidiobia celeritas van Noort & Lahey, sp. nov., a charismatic new species from South Africa. The distribution of the genus Isolia is expanded to include new country records for I. hispanica Buhl (Kenya) and an undescribed species from Madagascar. To facilitate the ongoing exploration and documentation of the African platygastrid fauna, an identification key to Afrotropical sceliotracheline genera and high resolution images of exemplar species for the remaining genera are provided. An overview of known species richness and biology is also included. All images presented here as well as additional images and interactive online Lucid identification keys are available on WaspWeb at http://www.waspweb.org.

scholarly journals Lobate Lac Scale, Paratachardina lobata lobata (Chamberlin) (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccoidea: Kerriidae)

EDIS ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 2003 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Forrest W. Howard ◽  
Avas Hamon ◽  
Greg S. Hodges ◽  
Catharine M. Mannion ◽  
Jeanette Wofford
Keyword(s):  
Scale Insect ◽  
Cooperative Extension Service ◽  
Extension Service ◽  
Plant Industry ◽  
Department Of Agriculture ◽  
University Of Florida ◽  
Florida Department ◽  
Consumer Services ◽  
First Time ◽  
Trees And Shrubs

A species of scale insect new to Florida is potentially one of the most devastating pests of trees and shrubs in the state's history. The lobate lac scale, Paratachardina lobata lobata (Chamberlin) (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccoidea: Kerriidae), a scale insect native to India and Sri Lanka, was found for the first time in Florida in August 1999 by personnel of the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Division of Plant Industry (DPI) (Hamon 2001). This document is EENY-276, one of a series of the Department of Entomology, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Date printed: November 2002. EENY-276/IN471: Lobate Lac Scale, Paratachardina lobata lobata (Chamberlin) (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccoidea: Kerriidae) (ufl.edu)

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