scholarly journals On cultural dialects in Slavic ethnolinguistics

2016 ◽  
Vol 72 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 9-26
Author(s):  
Anna Plotnikova
Keyword(s):  
Central Place ◽  
The South ◽  
Folk Culture ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Concentric Circles ◽  
Basic Ideas ◽  
Geographic Background

In the article the author considers the basic ideas of the Moscow ethnolinguistic school on the basis of several examples from the South Slavic cultural dialects. The methods are similar to the technique of isolating certain linguistic dialects and cultural dialects; much attention is paid to justification of the concept ?cultural dialect.? Eastern Serbia and western Bulgaria were taken as an example for the analysis of dialects based on phonetic, grammatical features and those that are observed in folk culture and which are reflected in its terminological vocabulary. Research was carried out into one of the main arealogical regularities that is linked to the interaction between cultural and language contexts of its functioning (in the sphere of beliefs and rituals, in folklore texts - legends, stories about encounters with supernatural beings, etc.). For example, ?bear?s day? shows the areal scheme of concentric circles, according to which the central place belongs to the terminological vocabulary, as far as the distance from the center is concerned, there are only rituals and beliefs associated with the ?bear? symbols of the holiday, and the wide range covers the extent of the legend of St. Andrew riding a bear. The paper concludes with a description of the geographic background in the ethnolinguistic dictionary Slavic Antiquities, whose main purpose is a reconstruction of old Slavic culture aided by the linguistic method of study of folk culture, i.e. the study of verbal expressions for a number of cultural phenomena (lexical and phraseological items).

The Crompton Closing: Imports and the Decline of America's Oldest Textile Company

2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 231-260
Author(s):  
TIMOTHY J. MINCHIN
Keyword(s):  
New England ◽  
Rhode Island ◽  
Apparel Industry ◽  
Central Place ◽  
Continuous Operation ◽  
Manufacturing Industries ◽  
The South ◽  
Textile And Apparel ◽  
Textile And Apparel Industry

This article explores the demise of the Crompton Company, which filed for bankruptcy in October 1984, causing 2,450 workers in five states to lose their jobs. Crompton was founded in 1807 in Providence, Rhode Island and when it went out of business it was the oldest textile firm in the country, having been in continuous operation for 178 years. Despite its history, scholars have overlooked Crompton, partly because most work on deindustrialization has concentrated on heavy manufacturing industries, especially steel and automobiles. I argue that Crompton's demise throws much light on the broader decline of the American textile and apparel industry, which has lost over two million jobs since the mid-1970s, and shows that textiles deserve a more central place in the literature. Using company papers, this study shows that imports played the central role in causing Crompton's decline, although there were also other problems, including the strong dollar, declining exports, and a reluctance to diversify, which contributed to it. The paper also explores broader trends, including the earlier flight of the industry from New England to the South and the industry's unsuccessful campaign to pass import-restriction legislation, a fight in which Crompton's managers were very involved.

Stranger Fictions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca C. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
World Literature ◽  
Arab World ◽  
Central Place ◽  
Arabic Literature ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Reading Practices ◽  
Global Circulation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
Modern Arabic

Zaynab, first published in 1913, is widely cited as the first Arabic novel, yet the previous eight decades saw hundreds of novels translated into Arabic from English and French. This vast literary corpus influenced generations of Arab writers but has, until now, been considered a curious footnote in the genre's history. Incorporating these works into the history of the Arabic novel, this book offers a transformative new account of modern Arabic literature, world literature, and the novel. This book rewrites the history of the global circulation of the novel by moving Arabic literature from the margins of comparative literature to its center. Considering the wide range of nineteenth- and early-twentieth-century translation practices, the book argues that Arabic translators did far more than copy European works; they authored new versions of them, producing sophisticated theorizations of the genre. These translations and the reading practices they precipitated form the conceptual and practical foundations of Arab literary modernity, necessitating an overhaul of our notions of translation, cultural exchange, and the global. The book shows how translators theorized the Arab world not as Europe's periphery but as an alternative center in a globalized network. It affirms the central place of (mis)translation in both the history of the novel in Arabic and the novel as a transnational form itself.

scholarly journals Global database of ratios of particulate organic carbon to thorium-234 in the ocean: improving estimates of the biological carbon pump

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 1267-1285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viena Puigcorbé ◽  
Pere Masqué ◽  
Frédéric A. C. Le Moigne
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Particulate Organic Carbon ◽  
Mixed Layer Depth ◽  
Sediment Traps ◽  
Data Repository ◽  
The South ◽  
South Indian ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Carbon Pump ◽  
Biological Carbon Pump

Abstract. The ocean's biological carbon pump (BCP) plays a major role in the global carbon cycle. A fraction of the photosynthetically fixed organic carbon produced in surface waters is exported below the sunlit layer as settling particles (e.g., marine snow). Since the seminal works on the BCP, global estimates of the global strength of the BCP have improved but large uncertainties remain (from 5 to 20 Gt C yr−1 exported below the euphotic zone or mixed-layer depth). The 234Th technique is widely used to measure the downward export of particulate organic carbon (POC). This technique has the advantage of allowing a downward flux to be determined by integrating the deficit of 234Th in the upper water column and coupling it to the POC∕234Th ratio in sinking particles. However, the factors controlling the regional, temporal, and depth variations of POC∕234Th ratios are poorly understood. We present a database of 9318 measurements of the POC∕234Th ratio in the ocean, from the surface down to >5500 m, sampled on three size fractions (∼>0.7 µm, ∼1–50 µm, ∼>50 µm), collected with in situ pumps and bottles, and also from bulk particles collected with sediment traps. The dataset is archived in the data repository PANGAEA® under https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.911424 (Puigcorbé, 2019). The samples presented in this dataset were collected between 1989 and 2018, and the data have been obtained from published papers and open datasets available online. Unpublished data have also been included. Multiple measurements can be found in most of the open ocean provinces. However, there is an uneven distribution of the data, with some areas highly sampled (e.g., China Sea, Bermuda Atlantic Time Series station) compared to some others that are not well represented, such as the southeastern Atlantic, the south Pacific, and the south Indian oceans. Some coastal areas, although in a much smaller number, are also included in this global compilation. Globally, based on different depth horizons and climate zones, the median POC∕234Th ratios have a wide range, from 0.6 to 18 µmol dpm−1.

scholarly journals Alternatives to Bankruptcy in South Africa that Provides for a Discharge of Debts: Lessons from Kenya

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 1-34
Author(s):  
Zingaphi Mabe
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
The South ◽  
Insolvency Law ◽  
Debt Restructuring ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Insolvency Proceedings ◽  
National Credit Act

The problems faced by debtors in South Africa is not that there are no alternatives to insolvency proceedings, but that the available alternatives do not provide for a discharge of debt as with a sequestration order, which is ultimately what the debtor seeks to achieve. Debtors in South Africa can make use of debt review in terms of the National Credit Act 34 of 2005 or administration orders in terms of the Magistrates' Court Act 32 of 1944 to circumvent the sequestration process. However, both debt review and administration orders do not provide for a discharge of debt and provide for debt-restructuring only, in order to eventually satisfy the creditor's claims. Attention is given to the sequestration process and the alternatives to sequestration as they relate specifically to the discharge or lack of a discharge of a debtor's debts. The South African law is compared to Kenyan Law. This article seeks to analyse the alternatives to the bankruptcy provisions of the newly enacted Kenyan Insolvency Act 18 of 2015 in order to influence the possible reform of insolvency law in South Africa. Like the South African Insolvency Act, the old Kenyan Bankruptcy Act (Cap 53 of the Laws of Kenya) also did not have alternatives to bankruptcy. The old Kenyan Bankruptcy Act, however, contained a provision on schemes of arrangement and compositions. The Kenyan Insolvency Act now caters for alternatives to bankruptcy and provides a wide range of alternatives to bankruptcy, some of which allow debtors in different financial positions to obtain a discharge.    

scholarly journals QUINTESENCE OF THE SPIRITUAL TEMPLES OF VOLYN AT THE END OF XIX – EARLY XX CENTURIES IN THE SERMONS OF VOLYNSKIY AND ZHYTOMYRSKIY ARCHBISHOP DIMITRIY

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
Olena Moroz
Keyword(s):  
Holy Spirit ◽  
Functional Method ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Cultural Centers ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Religious Buildings ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Holy Spirit ◽  
Basic Ideas ◽  
Symbolic Content

The analysis of the sermons of the Archbishop of Volynskyy and Zhytomyrskyy Dimitriy, delivered on the occasion of the opening of the Orthodox Churches in Volyn region at the end of XIX – early XX centuries, is relevant. It helps to analyze and reveal the symbolic and essential features of the Orthodox Church, to compare the outlook and religious views of modern Orthodox adherents in assessing the role of the spiritual temple, determining its place in the life of the modern man. Spiritual temples of Volyn region at the end of XIX – early XX centuries as religious and cultural centers have been played an important role in the life of the region. The purpose of this article is to analyze the main symbolic content of the architectural forms of the Orthodox Church, to find out their meaningful content, to convey to the modern generation the spiritual and sacred meaning of the religious temple through the prism of Christian virtues. Research methods: according to the purposes a wide range of methods was applied. The historical method was used to clarify the foundations and purpose of the first religious buildings of Christianity. Structural-functional method was used for revealing the basic ideas of architectural forms of the temple, their symbolic and sacred content related to basic criteria of life of the Orthodox adept: attending spiritual temples, Divine liturgies; observance of the Decalogue, the sacraments of the Orthodox Church; love, morality, humility. The method of comparison and analogy was applied to highlight the vital priorities of a true Orthodox adept. The author notes that the spiritual temple is the God's Kingdom on earth, the source and the original guardian of spiritual and religious values. The quintessence of the spiritual temples of Volyn at the end of XIX – early XX centuries is expressed by: firstly, the spiritual temple is a symbol of the impulse of human essence to heaven, eternal, sacred; secondly, the spiritual temple is a holy and unity place (holiness is expressed by the concentration of the mighty power of the Holy Spirit, unity is expressed by the uniting power of believers of the Orthodox people); thirdly, the value of the spiritual temple, according to the thoughts of Archbishop of Volynskyy and Zhytomyrskyy Dimitriy, is not determined by external decoration, but by the sacraments of the Orthodox Church, sincere prayer.

The Emotional Economy of Holidaymaking

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaara Benger Alaluf
Keyword(s):  
Civil Rights ◽  
Central Place ◽  
Economic Thought ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Parliamentary Debates ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Personal Accounts ◽  
The Right

It is often taken for granted that holiday resorts sell intangible commodities such as freedom, enjoyment, pleasure, and relaxation. But how did the desire for a ‘happy holiday’ emerge, how was ‘the right to rest’ legitimized, and how are emotions produced by commercial enterprises? To answer these questions, The Emotional Economy of Holidaymaking explores the rise of popular holidaymaking in late-nineteenth-century Britain. Drawing on a wide range of texts, including medical literature, parliamentary debates, advertisements, travel guides, and personal accounts, the book unravels the role emotions played in British spa and seaside holiday cultures. Introducing the concept of an ‘emotional economy’, Yaara Benger Alaluf traces the overlapping impact that psychological and economic thought had on moral ideals and performative practices of work and leisure. Through a vivid account of changing attitudes toward health, pleasure, social class, and gender in late-Victorian and Edwardian Britain, she explains why the democratization of holidaymaking went hand in hand with its emotionalization. Combining the history of emotions with the sociology of commodification, the book offers an innovative approach to the study of the leisure and entertainment industries and a better understanding of how medicalized conceptions of emotions influenced people’s dispositions, desires, consumption habits, and civil rights. Looking ahead to the central place of tourism in twenty-first-century societies and its relation to stress and burnout, The emotional economy of holidaymaking calls on future research of past and present leisure cultures to take emotions seriously and to rethink notions of rationality, authenticity, and agency.

scholarly journals Maritime Aerosol Optical and Microphysical Properties in the South China Sea Under Multi-source Influence

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chi Zhang ◽  
Hua Xu ◽  
Zhengqiang Li ◽  
Yisong Xie ◽  
Donghui Li
Keyword(s):  
South China Sea ◽  
South China ◽  
Volume Concentration ◽  
The South China Sea ◽  
Skewed Distribution ◽  
The South ◽  
China Sea ◽  
Microphysical Properties ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Fine Mode

AbstractThe South China Sea hosts a wide range of aerosol pollutants with the uneven development of socio-economic and complicated meteorology system. To fill the gap of the maritime aerosol characteristics over the sea, we selected the multi-year ground-based measurements of Taiping Site and Dongsha Site to investigate the optical and microphysical properties. In Taiping, the vast majority of aerosol optical depths (AODs) are less than 0.2, but that of Dongsha shows the wider distribution of AODs from 0 to 0.6. Angstrom Exponent frequency distribution in Taiping peaks at the range of 0.75–1.25 but that has the left-skewed distribution in Taiping Island. Moreover, there is a variation in the coarse-mode volume concentration in Taiping Island but less variation in the fine mode. The seasonal maritime aerosol properties of Taiping and Dongsha have been analyzed that can be employed as a maritime look up table (LUT) kernel in coupled atmospheric retrieval and correction algorithms.

The Church Missionary Society and Architecture in the Mission Field: Evangelical Anglican Perspectives on Church Building Abroad, c. 1850-1900

2015 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 197-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Turner
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Church Of England ◽  
Central Place ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Gothic Revival ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Church Building ◽  
Church Missionary Society ◽  
Architectural Development ◽  
The Church

The Gothic Revival occupies a central place in the architectural development of the Church of England in the nineteenth century, both at home and abroad. Within the expanding British colonial world, in particular, the neo-Gothic church became a centrally important expression of both faith and identity throughout the second half of the nineteenth century. From a symbolic and communicative perspective, the style represented not only a visual link to Britain, but also the fundamental expression of the Church of England as an institution and of the culture of Englishness. As such, it carried with it a wide range of cultural implications that suited the needs of settler communities wishing to re-established their identity abroad. Expansion during this period, however, was not only limited to the growth of settler communities but was also reflected in growing Anglican missions to the non-Christian peoples of annexed territories. The two primary organs of the Church of England in the field, the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel (SPG) and the Church Missionary Society (CMS), actively employed the revived medieval style throughout the Empire as missions were solidified through infrastructure development. As a popular style with direct connotations to the Christian faith, revived medieval design became increasingly popular with Anglican missionaries abroad in the period between the early 1840s and the end of the century. Not only did its origins in ecclesiastical buildings make it attractive, but it was also stylistically distinctive, and set apart as a sacred style from both secular and ‘heathen’ structures.

The Style of the Neo-Greek (Neo-Grec) in the Historical and Cultural Context of the Southern Region of Russia by the Example of the Cities of Rostov-on-Don and Yessentuki

2018 ◽  
Vol 931 ◽  
pp. 705-710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugenia M. Kishkinova
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Southern Region ◽  
Main Task ◽  
The South ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Insufficient Knowledge ◽  
European Architecture

In European architecture the Neo-Grec style, based on a revival of Greek principles and motifs, is an independent stage in rediscovering of classical antique heritage. It is one of the “new styles” of a historicist phase in architecture that claimed to find national identity in the architecture of independent Greece. In Russian architecture of the mid-19th – early 20th centuries this style is represented in a wide range of monuments that are mostly located in the South of Russia. However insufficient knowledge and research on the monuments of this style create difficulties for their maintenance and restoration. The purpose of the paper is to identify distinctive features of neo-grec in the region. The main task is to determine the reasons for a turn to neo-grec in the South of Russia, to identify and analyze neo-grec buildings in the cities of Rostov-on-Don and Yessentuki, to examine their composition and décor, to identify their ancient prototypes, to differentiate constant and variable elements in the architecture of the Neo-Grec.

SURFACE FACILITIES FOR OILFIELDS IN THE SOUTH AUSTRALIAN SECTOR OF THE COOPER BASIN

1986 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 470
Author(s):  
R.J. Scanlan ◽  
C.J. White
Keyword(s):  
Net Present Value ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Development Project ◽  
Project Planning ◽  
Present Value ◽  
The South ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Variable Nature ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cooper Basin

Delhi Petroleum Pty Ltd, as operator, has been responsible for the development of eight oilfields in the South Australian sector of the Cooper Basin since 1982. Some of these field developments are economically marginal, hence the need to optimise those aspects of the facilities which impact on the ongoing cost of production and the overall profitability. A phased development approach has evolved over the past three years to reduce the external financing requirements and to improve the certainty of the data used to define the key elements of each project.For the successful completion of the project a task force approach to project management is utilised, supported by the use of computerised project planning and control systems. Further, it is important to define and agree on the design criteria and philosophy for the project at the commencement, this providing a base by which to measure scope changes, and so that all concerned are working to a common goal.The use of economic analysis as a decision-making tool during all phases of the project assists the project team to home in on the key objective which is to maximise the project net present value. Comparative economics and sensitivity analysis are used at the conceptual stage to select the preferred development option, e.g. pipeline versus trucking.The design of surface facilities is dictated by a wide range of criteria including the above development philosophy. The variable nature of these criteria demonstrates that each new field development must normally be engineered individually to ensure the target of maximum net present value can be achieved.The Gidgealpa Crude Oil Development Project demonstrates the effectiveness of the above methodology and philosophies. The field was discovered in August 1984, and early production and trucking of oil commenced in January 1985 with 374 000 bbls produced prior to commissioning of the pipeline to Moomba in September 1985.

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