scholarly journals A study of the electrode/solution interface during electrochemical reactions by digital holography

2006 ◽  
Vol 71 (10) ◽  
pp. 1091-1093 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shenhao Chen
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Acid Solution ◽  
Digital Holography ◽  
Anodic Process ◽  
Electrochemical Reactions ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Solution Interface ◽  
The Magnetic Field

Digital holography was used to study in situ the dynamic changes of the electrode/solution interface and the solution near the electrode during the anodic process of iron in a sulfuric acid solution. The effects of chloride, bromide and iodine ions on this process were also investigated. The magnetic field also has effects on the process. The effects are discussed in combination with SEM results. .

scholarly journals Application of in situ digital holography to the study of the effect of a magnetic field on the anodic dissolution of iron in thichloroacetic acid

2006 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuegeng Yang ◽  
Shenhao Chen ◽  
Chao Wang ◽  
LI. Liang
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Acid Solution ◽  
Anodic Dissolution ◽  
Potentiodynamic Polarization ◽  
Trichloroacetic Acid ◽  
Digital Holography ◽  
Polarization Method ◽  
Trichloroacetic Acid Solution ◽  
The Magnetic Field

The effect of a magnetic field on the anodic dissolution of iron in 1.0 mol dm-3 trichloroacetic acid solution was studied by the potentiodynamic polarization method and in situ digital holography. It was found that the magnetohydrodynamic force increased the mass transport, which resulted in a faster anodic dissolution of iron. The effect of the magnetic field was analyzed by holograms and is discussed in terms of the magnetohydrodynamic force.

In situ analysis of electrochemical reactions at a lead surface in sulfuric acid solution

2000 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiaki Yamaguchi ◽  
Masashi Shiota ◽  
Yasuhide Nakayama ◽  
Nobumitsu Hirai ◽  
Shigeta Hara
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Acid Solution ◽  
Sulfuric Acid Solution ◽  
In Situ Analysis ◽  
Electrochemical Reactions

scholarly journals Mesoscale Features in the Global Geospace Response to the March 12, 2012 Storm

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayowa Adewuyi ◽  
Amy M. Keesee ◽  
Yukitoshi Nishimura ◽  
Christine Gabrielse ◽  
Roxanne M. Katus
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Neutral Atom ◽  
Geosynchronous Orbit ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Inner Magnetosphere ◽  
Global View ◽  
Storms And Substorms ◽  
Mass Ejection ◽  
The Magnetic Field

The geospace response to coronal mass ejections includes phenomena across many regions, from reconnection at the dayside and magnetotail, through the inner magnetosphere, to the ionosphere, and even to the ground. Phenomena occurring in each region are often connected to each other through the magnetic field, but that field undergoes dynamic changes during storms and substorms. Improving our understanding of the geospace response to storms requires a global picture that enables us to observe all the regions simultaneously with both spatial and temporal resolution. Using the Energetic Neutral Atom (ENA) imager on the Two Wide-Angle Imaging Neutral-Atom Spectrometers (TWINS) mission, a temperature map can be calculated to provide a global view of the magnetotail. These maps are combined with in situ measurements at geosynchronous orbit from GOES 13 and 15, auroral images from all sky imagers (ASIs), and ground magnetometer measurements to examine the global geospace response of a coronal mass ejection (CME) driven event on March 12th, 2012. Mesoscale features in the magnetotail are observed throughout the interval, including prior to the storm commencement and during the main phase, which has implications for the dominant processes that lead to pressure buildup in the inner magnetosphere. Auroral enhancements that can be associated with these magnetotail features through magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling are observed to appear only after global reconfigurations of the magnetic field.

scholarly journals Principal Component Gradiometer technique for removal of spacecraft-generated disturbances from magnetic field data

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ovidiu Dragoş Constantinescu ◽  
Hans-Ulrich Auster ◽  
Magda Delva ◽  
Olaf Hillenmaier ◽  
Werner Magnes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Magnetic Field Data ◽  
Service Oriented ◽  
Sensor Configuration ◽  
Time Required ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Magnetic Field

Abstract. In situ measurement of the magnetic field using space borne instruments requires either a magnetically clean platform and/or a very long boom for accommodating magnetometer sensors at a large distance from the spacecraft body. This significantly drives up the costs and time required to build a spacecraft. Here we present an alternative sensor configuration and an algorithm allowing for ulterior removal of the spacecraft generated disturbances from the magnetic field measurements, thus lessening the need for a magnetic cleanliness program and allowing for shorter boom length. The proposed algorithm is applied to the Service Oriented Spacecraft Magnetometer (SOSMAG) onboard the Korean geostationary satellite GeoKompsat-2A (GK2A) which uses for the first time a multi-sensor configuration for onboard data cleaning. The successful elimination of disturbances originating from several sources validates the proposed cleaning technique.

Transport of energetic particles from reconnecting current sheets in flaring corona to the heliosphere

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippa Browning ◽  
Mykola Gordovskyy ◽  
Satashi Inoue ◽  
Eduard Kontar ◽  
Kanya Kusano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Energetic Particles ◽  
Transport Processes ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Current Sheets ◽  
Electrons And Ions ◽  
Data Driven Approach ◽  
Particle Simulations ◽  
The Magnetic Field

<p>In this study, we inverstigate the acceleration of electrons and ions at current sheets in the flaring solar corona, and their transport into the heliosphere. We consider both generic solar flare models and specific flaring events with a data-driven approach. The aim is to answer two questions: (a) what fraction of particles accelerated in different flares can escape into the heliosphere?; and (b) what are the characteristics of the particle populations propagating towards the chromosphere and into the heliosphere?</p><p>We use a combination of data-driven 3D magnetohydrodynamics simulations with drift-kinetic particle simulations to model the evolution of the magnetic field and both thermal and non-thermal plasma and to forward-model observable characteristics. Particles are accelerated in current sheets associated with flaring reconnection. When applied to a specific flare, the model successfully predicts observed features such as the location and relative intensity of hard X-ray sources and helioseismic source locations. This confirms the viability of the approach.</p><p>Using these MHD-particle models, we will show how the magnetic field evolution and particle transport processes affect the characteristics of both energetic electrons and ions in the the inner corona and the heliosphere. The implications for interpretation of in situ measurements of energetic particles by Solar Orbiter and Parker Solar Probe will be discussed.</p><p> </p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Magnetospheric Processes Possibly Related to the Origin of Cosmic Rays

1981 ◽  
Vol 94 ◽  
pp. 373-391
Author(s):  
Gerhard Haerendel
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Shear Stresses ◽  
Acceleration Process ◽  
Dayside Magnetopause ◽  
Field Lines ◽  
The Magnetic Field ◽  
Auroral Particles

Two processes are discussed which violate the frozen-in condition in a highly conducting plasma, reconnection and the auroral acceleration process. The first applies to situations in which . It plays an important role in the interaction of the solar wind with the Earth's magnetic field and controls energy input into as well as energetic particle release from the magnetosphere. Detailed in situ studies of the process on the dayside magnetopause reveal its transient and small-scale nature. The auroral acceleration process occurs in the low magnetosphere (β « 1) and accompanies sudden releases of magnetic shear stresses which exist in large-scale magnetospheric-ionospheric current circuits. The process is interpreted as a kind of breaking. The movements of the magnetospheric plasma which lead to a relief of the magnetic tensions occur in thin sheets and are decoupled along the magnetic field lines by parallel electric potential drops. It is this voltage that accelerates the primary auroral particles. The visible arcs are then traces of the magnetic breaking process at several 1000 km altitude.

Cleaning magnetometer data using multi sensor configuration

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragos Constantinescu ◽  
Hans-Ulrich Auster ◽  
Magda Delva ◽  
Olaf Hillenmaier ◽  
Werner Magnes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Sensor Arrangement ◽  
Magnetometer Data ◽  
Service Oriented ◽  
Sensor Configuration ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Magnetic Field ◽  
Magnetic Cleanliness

<p>Measuring the in situ magnetic field using space borne instruments requires either a magnetically clean platform and/or a very long boom for accommodating magnetometers sensors at a large distance from the spacecraft body. This significantly drives up the costs and time for building the spacecraft. Here we present an alternative sensor configuration and an algorithm allowing for ulterior removing of the spacecraft generated disturbances from the magnetic field measurements, thus lessening the need for a magnetic cleanliness program.</p><p>The Service Oriented Spacecraft Magnetometer (SOSMAG) onboard the Korean Geostationary Satellite GEO-KOMPSAT-2A (GK-2A) uses for the first time a multi-sensor configuration for onboard data cleaning. To remove the AC disturbances, a combination of the measurements from sensors placed at different positions from the disturbance sources is processed onboard. Sensor biases due to daily temperature variations are also removed using the specific SOSMAG sensor arrangement. </p><p> </p>

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