scholarly journals Heavy metals concentration in soils from parks and green areas in Belgrade

2009 ◽  
Vol 74 (6) ◽  
pp. 697-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirjana Marjanovic ◽  
Marija Vukcevic ◽  
Dusan Antonovic ◽  
Suzana Dimitrijevic ◽  
Djordje Jovanovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Urban Soils ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
The Past ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
The City ◽  
Very High ◽  
Pb Concentration

The current study included the investigation of several metals and their distribution in urban soils from parks and green areas in the city of Belgrade. The soils were sampled in January and February 2008. The concentrations of Cd, Co, Cu, Pb, Mn and Zn were measured, as well as the pH values and organic matter contents. The obtained results showed that there was a significant level of contamination in some samples, especially with lead, and that it was most probably caused by anthropogenic activities, mostly from traffic. The results were compared with the National legislation and Netherlands standards. Also, the recent results were compared with the data from previous work and it was concluded that there has been a certain increase of the Pb concentration in the past three years. The level of pollution in playground soil was very high and each analyzed sample exceeded the Dutch target value for Cd, Co and Pb.

The impact of urban effluents on the coastal marine environment of Mediterranean islands

1995 ◽  
Vol 32 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 85-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael O. Angelidis
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Marine Environment ◽  
Suspended Particle ◽  
Pollution Source ◽  
Mediterranean Islands ◽  
Coastal Marine Environment ◽  
Coastal Marine ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

The impact of the urban effluents of Mytilene (Lesvos island, Greece) on the receiving coastal marine environment, was evaluated by studying the quality of the city effluents (BOD5, COD, SS, heavy metals) and the marine sediments (grain size, organic matter, heavy metals). It was found that the urban effluents of Mytilene contain high organic matter and suspended particle load because of septage discharge into the sewerage network. Furthermore, although the city does not host important industrial activity, its effluents contain appreciable metal load, which is mainly associated with the particulate phase. The city effluents are discharged into the coastal marine environment and their colloidal and particulate matter after flocculation settles to the bottom, where is incorporated into the sediments. Over the years, the accumulation of organic matter and metals into the harbour mud has created a non-point pollution source in the relatively non-polluted coastal marine environment of the island. Copper and Zn were the metals which presented the higher enrichment in the sediments of the inner harbour of Mytilene.

scholarly journals Geochemical Mapping, Risk Assessment, and Source Identification of Heavy Metals in Road Dust Using Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF)

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 614
Author(s):  
Muhammad Faisal ◽  
Zening Wu ◽  
Huiliang Wang ◽  
Zafar Hussain ◽  
Chenyang Shen
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Matrix Factorization ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Contamination Factor ◽  
Road Dust ◽  
Positive Matrix Factorization ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Positive Matrix ◽  
The City

Heavy metals in road dust pose a significant threat to human health. This study investigated the concentrations, patterns, and sources of eight hazardous heavy metals (Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Pb, and Hg) in the street dust of Zhengzhou city of PR China. Fifty-eight samples of road dust were analyzed based on three methods of risk assessment, i.e., Geo-Accumulation Index (Igeo), Potential Ecological Risk Assessment (RI), and Nemerow Synthetic Pollution Index (PIN). The results exhibited higher concentrations of Hg and Cd 14 and 7 times higher than their background values, respectively. Igeo showed the risks of contamination in a range of unpolluted (Cr, Ni) to strongly polluted (Hg and Cd) categories. RI came up with the contamination ranges from low (Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, and Pb) to extreme (Cd and Hg) risk of contamination. The risk of contamination based on PIN was from safe (Cu, As, and Pb) to seriously high (Cd and Hg). The results yielded by PIN indicated the extreme risk of Cd and Hg in the city. Positive Matrix Factorization was used to identify the sources of contamination. Factor 1 (vehicular exhaust), Factor 2 (coal combustion), Factor 3 (metal industry), and Factor 4 (anthropogenic activities), respectively, contributed 14.63%, 35.34%, 36.14%, and 13.87% of total heavy metal pollution. Metal’s presence in the dust is a direct health risk for humans and warrants immediate and effective pollution control and prevention measures in the city.

Metal contamination of urban soils in Cork, Ireland

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Binner ◽  
Timothy Sullivan ◽  
Maria E. Mc Namara
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Metal Contamination ◽  
Urban Soils ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
City Centre ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Background Levels

<p>Soil contamination is widespread across Europe. In particular, contamination of urban soils by metals is poorly characterised. This is a major environmental concern, especially given that urban recreational amenities may be located on former industrial sites and/or may possess ex situ soils derived from industrial areas. We surveyed soils from nine urban recreational sites (15 samples per site) in Cork city in order to assess the degree of metal contamination. The results show that Pb concentrations exceed national background levels in all soil samples from all sites by a mean of 600 % and at least 140 %. Mn, Fe and Zn are enriched above background levels in all soil samples from three (Mn and Fe) to five (Zn) of the sites and, at the remaining sites, show 7 – 14 localised hotspots. Similar hotspots characterise Cu, Rb and Sr, which each exceed background levels at eight or more sampling locations at four sites. Co, Ni, As and Sn concentrations exceed background levels in at least three hotspots at each of three to six sites. Overall, metal concentrations are highest in the sites closest to the city centre, reflecting diverse sources that potentially include traffic and current and historical domestic coal burning and industry. At each urban site, the element grouping Zn and Pb recurs in 50 to 80 % of locations and enrichment in the element grouping Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn and Pb recurs in approx. 50 % of locations; Ni and As recur in approx. 10 % of the locations. At three sites, elevated concentrations of Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn and Pb are associated with high LOI (Loss-on-ignition) values – a proxy for the amount of soil organic matter present – and near-neutral pH values. Conversely, low LOI and acidic pH values are associated with lower concentrations of these elements. This indicates that soil metal concentrations are influenced by the amount of organic matter present and by pH.  Future analyses and experiments will further investigate links between soil organic matter and metal concentrations.</p>

scholarly journals The Role of the Humic Substances in the Fractioning of Heavy Metals in Rodrigo de Freitas Lagoon, Rio de Janeiro - Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
pp. 1289-1301 ◽  
Author(s):  
ESTEFAN M. DA FONSECA ◽  
JOSE A. BAPTISTA NETO ◽  
JOHN MCALISTER ◽  
BERNARD SMITH ◽  
MARCOS A. FERNANDEZ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Metal Partitioning ◽  
Fine Grain ◽  
Soluble Phase ◽  
The City ◽  
South Zone

One of the main results of the processes related to urbanization is the contamination of the adjacent water bodies. Inserted in this context, the Rodrigo de Freitas lagoon is situated in the south zone of the city of Rio de Janeiro. This ecosystem receives several inputs containing all sorts of pollutants, including heavy metals. The present work aimed to study the partitioning of heavy metals in the sediments of Rodrigo de Freitas and the influence of organic matter in this fractionation dynamic. The results of these analyses presented the contents of organic matter as an important metal-capturing agent. Fractionation of organic matter resulted in a predominance of humine. Heavy metal partitioning showed that the metals bound by the water-soluble phase have no significant concentrations. Special features such as, reducing sediment, high levels of organic matter and fine grain size have transformed this ecosystem in an effective deposit of pollutants, where heavy metals are not available in easily reactive fractions.

scholarly journals The current state of urban soils in the core of Baku’s agglomeration

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 128-134
Author(s):  
L. Gasimova
Keyword(s):  
Urban Soils ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
Urban Parks ◽  
Soil Condition ◽  
The Core ◽  
Current State ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

This article presents the results of studies the soils of urban parks, gardens, roadside zones in the core of the agglomeration of Baku. The urban soils were studied as indicators of the ecological status of the city of Baku. The impact of soil condition on the green areas in seven districts of Baku has been evaluated.

scholarly journals Organic matter of soils and technogenic surface formations of residential areas of the city of Perm

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (47) ◽  
pp. 27-27
Author(s):  
Natalia Moskvina ◽  
Igor Shestakov ◽  
Natalia Mitrakova
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Urban Soils ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Humus Formation ◽  
Functional Zone ◽  
Humus Type ◽  
Reclaimed Soils ◽  
The City ◽  
Technogenic Surface Formations

On the territory of the left-bank part of Perm, the urban pedocomplexes (UPC) were distinguished as a combination of soil and technogenic surface formations on the same soil-forming rocks within a certain functional zone. Within the UPC, formed on eluvial-deluvial loams and clays in the zone of multi-storey buildings, the surface horizons of soils and TSF (technogenic surface formations) were studied. A change in the zonal trend of humus formation in reclaimed soils was observed as an increase in the content of organic matter, as well as in a change in the type of humus to the humate side. The conservation of zonal features of humus formation in non-purposefully recultivated urban soils and TSF was noted. It manifests in a low or medium content of organic carbon, the formation of a humate-fulvate type of humus. Keywords: URBAN ECOLOGY, URBAN SOILS, URBAN PEDOCOMPLEX, HUMUS, HUMUS TYPE, SOIL PROPERTIES

scholarly journals Microclimate Evaluation of the Hradec Králové City using HUMIDEX

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaroslav Rožnovský ◽  
Tomáš Litschmann ◽  
Hana Středová ◽  
Tomáš Středa ◽  
Petr Salaš ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Balance ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Environment Analysis ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
Urban Heat ◽  
Surrounding Landscape ◽  
The City ◽  
Very High

Abstract Urban environment differs from the surrounding landscape in terms of the values of meteorological parameters. This is often referred to as the urban heat island (UHI), which in simple terms means higher air temperatures in cities. The cause of these changes lies in the different active surfaces in cities, which subsequently results in a different radiation balance. The higher temperatures, however, also affect the living conditions in the city and during very high temperature periods can have negative effects on the health of the city inhabitants. The results presented in this paper are based on measurements taken over several years at locations near Hradec Králové, which is surrounded by different surface areas. Environment analysis was performed using the Humidex index. The obtained results show that replacing green areas with built-up areas affects temperatures in the city, when air temperatures are very high they significantly increase the discomfort of the inhabitants. Differences in the frequency of discomfort levels are observed especially during periods of high temperatures, at lower temperatures these differences are not significant. Higher frequencies of discomfort are observed at locations with artificial surfaces (asphalt, cobblestones, concrete) and in closed spaces. In contrast, locations with lots of green areas almost always have the value of this index lower or more balanced. The results should therefore be a valid argument for maintaining and extending green areas in cities.

scholarly journals Biosorption of Heavy Metals by the Bacterial Exopolysaccharide FucoPol

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (19) ◽  
pp. 6708
Author(s):  
Patrícia Concórdio-Reis ◽  
Maria A. M. Reis ◽  
Filomena Freitas
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Binding Sites ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Bacterial Exopolysaccharide ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Specific Metal ◽  
Significant Health

Despite the efforts for minimizing the usage of heavy metals, anthropogenic activities still generate high amounts of wastewater containing these contaminants that cause significant health and environmental problems. Given the drawbacks of the conventional physical and chemical methods currently used, natural biosorbents (microbial cells or their products) arise as promising environmentally friendly alternatives. In this study, the binding efficiency of the polysaccharide secreted by Enterobacter A47, FucoPol, towards lead (Pb2+), cobalt (Co2+), copper (Cu2+) and zinc (Zn2+) cations was demonstrated. FucoPol revealed a higher performance for the biosorption of Pb2+, with a maximum overall metal removal of 93.9 ± 5.3% and a specific metal uptake of 41.1 ± 2.3 mg/gEPS, from a Pb2+ solution with an initial concentration of 10 mg/L, by a 5 g/L FucoPol solution. The overall metal removal decreased considerably (≤31.3 ± 1.6%) for higher Pb2+ concentrations (48 and 100 mg/L) probably due to the saturation of FucoPol’s binding sites. Pb2+ removal was also less efficient (66.0 ± 8.2%) when a higher FucoPol concentration (10 g/L) was tested. Pb2+ removal efficiency of FucoPol was maximized at pH 4.3, however, it was affected by lower pH values (2.5–3.3). Moreover, the FucoPol’s sorption performance was unaffected (overall metal removal: 91.6–93.9%) in the temperature range of 5–40 °C. These findings demonstrate FucoPol’s great potential for utilization as a biodegradable and safe biosorbent for treating waters and wastewaters contaminated with Pb2+.

scholarly journals Carbon and Metal(loid)s in Parkland and Road Verge Surface Soils in the City of Liverpool, UK

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luke Beesley ◽  
Eduardo Moreno-Jiménez ◽  
Phil Jenn ◽  
Nicholas W. Lepp
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Urban Soils ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Soil Survey ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Surface Soils ◽  
Road Verge ◽  
C Storage ◽  
The City

Urban soils are at the interface between land and people and provide a wide variety of important ecosystem services to highly populous areas. The aims of this soil survey were (1) to measure the bulk density, carbon (C) storage and pH of surface soils (0–15 cm depth) from public spaces (parks and road verges) in the city of Liverpool, UK, and (2) to determine the likely impact of these master variables on heavy metal concentrations (As, Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn). The bulk densities and organic matter contents varied considerably in the predominantly sandy textured soils within the city boundary, resulting in diverse C densities from 1–10 kg C m2. Organic carbon formed the majority of the labile, water-soluble and extractable C pool in these soils, a fact not easily elucidated from their organic matter or C content alone. The copper and lead concentrations in the sampled soils were correlated with organic matter and organic carbon in water-extracts. Cadmium and zinc appeared to be dependent only on soil pH, whilst arsenic was related positively to organic matter, but negatively to pH. Interrelationships, and hence synonymous distributions, of all metal(loid)s existed, but were strongest between Cu and As, and Cu and Pb. These results suggest that the diverse bulk densities, and hence carbon storage, of the urban soils surveyed influenced the dispersal of metals and arsenic.

Impact of Heavy Metals on Benthic Oligochaete Communities in the River Ill and Its Tributaries

1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Rosso ◽  
M. Lafont ◽  
A. Exinger
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Reproductive Strategy ◽  
Organic Micropollutants ◽  
Rhine Basin ◽  
Metal Contents ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

The aim of this research is to describe the impact of heavy metals contaminating sediments on oligochaete communities. Sediments were collected three times (June, August, October 1991) for chemical and biological analyses in 15 sites situated in the river I11 and its tributaries (Rhine Basin, France). The sediments are characterized by high contents of heavy metals, mainly Hg, Cu, Cr, Pb, Zn from below the city of Mulhouse. The majority of sediments are heavily loaded with organic matter and organic micropollutants are also present. Oligochaete communities are rich in species. However five species only, considered as pollution-tolerant or opportunist, are significantly present and abundant. The percentages of Tubificidae without hair setae are positively related to heavy metal contents of the sediments, and the percentages of Tubificidae with hair setae are negatively related. Several species such as N. communis, N. barbata, D. digitata and Bothrioneurum sp. are considered as tolerant to heavy metals; on the contrary L. claparedeanus, L. udekemianus, Stylodrilus sp. and S. josinae are considered as intolerant. The reproductive strategy of oligochaetes in contaminated areas and the role of organic matter are discussed. Several recommendations are given for the rehabilitation of the investigated sites.

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